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Consumer Behaviour
Consumer Behaviour
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MKT350: A quiz from first four lectures on consumer behaviour to test learning.
Flashcards
63 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which concept of marketing focuses on satisfying consumer needs and retaining customers?
Selling Concept
Product Concept
Marketing Concept
Production Concept
2
How do technologies affect the Marketing Mix?
Access to social media platforms
Interactive communication channels
Better prices and distribution
Customizing products and promotional messages
3
What is the main purpose of benefit segmentation?
Categorizing consumers by resources, motivation
Analyzing consumer demographics and behaviors
Identifying needs and preferences
Dividing consumers into lifestages
4
What is the process by which company creates a distinct image for its products, services, or brands in consumers minds?
Perception
Packaging
Positioning
Promotion
5
What influences purchasing power and spending patterns?
Social status
Cultural background
Occupation and Income
Age and Life Stage
6
What term describes cognitive and behavioral strategies employed to cope with the distress caused by frustration?
Cognitive arousal
Frustration
Avoidance objects
Defence mechanisms
7
How can positive perceptions of a brand's quality influence consumer behavior?
No impact on purchase decisions
Decrease likelihood of purchase
Induce confusion in consumers
Increase likelihood of purchase
8
What external factors can trigger extrinsic motivation to purchase a product?
Personal goals or values
Cultural norms
Environmental factors
Social influence
9
What are psychogenic needs?
Mental processes stimulating motivation
Psychological desires from social influences
Basic physiological requirements for survival
Broad individual objectives
10
Which term refers to the interpretation of information from the environment?
Cognition
Perception
Motivation
Conception
11
What is perception?
Remembering past experiences
Perception process
Immediate sensory response
Learning from sensory input
12
What is the process of dividing a market into subsets of consumers with common needs or characteristics?
Market Segmentation
Product Repositioning
Targeting
Positioning
13
What is a characteristic of individuals with high compliance tendencies?
Emotionally distant and indifferent in social situations
Submissive and obedient
Seek excitement, novelty, and variety in social situations
Assertive and competitive in social interactions
14
What is the main difference between quantitative factors and cognitive factors in market segmentation?
Quantitative factors: behavior
Quantitative factors: age, income
Quantitative vs cognitive factors
Quantitative: demographic, Cognitive: psychographic.
15
What type of risk involves a consumer's perception of the store's reputation?
Brand loyalty
Price-quality relationship
Store image
Information
16
What is measured by the C A D scale?
Introversion, Extroversion, and Neuroticism
Compliance, Aggression, Detachment
Assertiveness, Competitiveness, and Hostility
Openness, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion
17
What is a hierarchical division of society based on socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and occupation?
Social Strata
Social Hierarchy
Social Status
Social Class
18
What is the Halo Effect?
Unattractive individuals' perception
Attractive individuals' perception
Unattractive individuals' perception
Attractive individuals' perception
19
What is the difference between the absolute threshold and the differential threshold (J N D)?
Absolute vs. differential threshold
Absolute vs. differential threshold
Absolute vs. differential threshold
Absolute vs. differential threshold
20
Why do marketers care about sensory adaptation?
Enhancing consumer product memory
Preventing desensitization
Increase consumer product awareness
Decreasing consumer sensitivity
21
What buying behavior involves some effort, occurring when consumers know the product but may consider alternatives?
Limited Buying Behavior
Occasional Buying Behavior
Extensive Buying Behavior
Routine Buying Behavior
22
Which primary social unit influences consumer socialization and purchase decisions?
Educational institutions
Religious organizations
Family
Peers
23
What may influence certain products to exhibit masculine or feminine traits?
Underlying Dimensions of Brand Personality
Product Personality and Geography
Attachment and Avoidance Anxiety
Product Personality and Gender
24
What is subliminal perception?
Subliminal perception
Perception during sleep
Perception beyond consciousness
Perception of familiar stimuli
25
Which type of segmentation involves categorizing consumers based on age, gender, marital status, income, and education?
Geographic Segmentation
Demographic Segmentation
Behavioral Segmentation
Psychographic Segmentation
26
What are groups within larger cultural societies sharing common values or interests called?
Reference Groups
Subcultures
Cliques
Ethnicities
27
What is sensation?
Remembering past experiences
Sensory organs' immediate response
Stimuli interpretation process
Learning from sensory input
28
What factors do NOT influence the selection of goals?
Postpone their Decision
Shopping for back-to-school supplies
Activity-specific shopping
Personal experiences and knowledge
29
How many steps are there in the positioning process?
6
4
5
7
30
How do consumers learn to associate certain brands with positive experiences?
Through exposure and reinforcement
By interpreting information
By changes in behavior
Through trial and error
31
What personality factor emphasizes material possessions and wealth?
Ethnocentrism
Compulsions and Fixations
Need for Cognition
Materialism
32
What is PRIZM®?
A financial segmentation system
Cognitive factors: beliefs
Geodemographic segmentation
A digital lifestyle segmentation system
33
Which factor encompasses values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors learned from society?
Social Factors
Environmental Factors
Cultural Factors
Economic Factors
34
What is the immediate and direct response of the sensory organs to stimuli?
Learning
Sensation
Memory
Perception
35
Which type of motivation stems from personal goals or values?
External
Intrinsic
Environmental
Extrinsic
36
What describes individuals with a high Optimum Stimulation Level (OSL)?
Prefer visual information and imagery
Prefer calm, predictable environments
Enjoy thinking deeply about information and decisions
Seek excitement, novelty
37
Why is understanding consumer behavior important for marketers?
To design resonating products
To increase production efficiency
To analyze competitor strategies
To reduce marketing costs
38
What is an example of a need essential for survival?
Entertainment
Luxury items
Food
Fashion accessories
39
What is Real-Time Bidding (RTB)?
A program that captures content across the internet
Advertisers reaching right user
Measures that predict consumers’ future purchases
Pool of ad impressions for websites
40
How does market segmentation help in marketing?
By setting prices based on market demand
Distributing products through sales channels
Promoting products through advertising
By targeting market segments
41
What research method involves direct talks with consumers to gain insights in their thoughts, opinions, and experiences?
Observation
Interviews
Surveys
Focus Groups
42
Which brand personality dimension evokes a sense of adventure and thrill?
Popularity
Affection
Excitement
Sophistication
43
What can a car help express about its owner, according to the Vices and Virtues concept?
Emotional intelligence
Consumer preferences
Personality traits
Social status
44
What is product placement?
Product placement promotion
Interactive product experiences promotion
Billboard and poster promotion
Social media influencer promotion
45
What is the study of consumer choices during searching, evaluating, buying, and using products and services known as?
Consumer Behavior
Product Concept
Marketing Mix
Market Segmentation and Targeting
46
Why is transparency and honesty important in marketing communications?
To manipulate perceptions
To deceive consumers
To increase costs
To build trust
47
What is the process of making sense of information from surroundings called?
Perceptual interpretation
Environmental decoding
Cognitive processing
Interpretation of sensory stimuli
48
What is the definition of marketing?
Analyzing market trends, forecasting
Selling goods & services
Customer identification and goods/services exchange for satisfaction.
Producing goods/services for organizational goals
49
Which segment of the VALS framework consists of individuals who are career-focused, goal-oriented, and status-conscious?
Innovators
Strivers
Achievers
Experiencers
50
Which term refers to evaluative judgments or feelings toward objects, people, or concepts?
Beliefs
Preferences
Opinions
Attitudes
51
What is NOT a characteristic of motivational research?
Uncovering consumers’ subconscious or hidden motivations
Quantitative studies
Empirical testing
Directly expressed techniques
52
Which geodemographic segmentation system focuses on consumers' financial behaviors and attitudes?
P$YCLE
PRIZM®
ConneXions
Urbanization levels, affluence
53
What is the primary motive for online interactions related to buying products?
nterest in buying and comparing
Desire for good customer service
Personalising products is fun
Win prizes and receive free samples
54
Which bodily response indicates physiological arousal?
Changes in breathing patterns
Increased heart rate
Attention
Sweating
55
What is the primary purpose of the VALS framework?
Categorizing consumers by resources
Identifying consumer lifestyles and activities
Analyzing consumer demographics, behaviors
Determining consumer purchasing patterns
56
What's the first stage of consumer decision-making process where a need or desire for a product is recognized?
Need Recognition
Purchase Decision
Evaluation of Alternatives
Information Search
57
What factors are considered in the PRIZM® segmentation system?
Income, spending habits, and investment preferences
Social networks, online behavior, and media consumption
Benefit segmentation system
Location, demographics, behavior
58
Which term refers to desires beyond necessities for survival?
Wants
Requirements
Needs
Desires
59
Which personality trait seeks unconventional products to stand out?
Low need for uniqueness
Visualizers
High need for uniqueness
High need for cognition
60
What affects perceptions?
Selective exposure, attention, defense
Gestalt psychology, figure, closure
Expectations, motives, selective perception
Sensory input, contrast, shock
61
What is the human palate capable of sensing?
Taste: Salty, sweet, sour, umami
Salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and spicy
Salty, sweet, sour, bitter, umami
Sweet, sour, spicy, bitter, and umami
62
What is the driving force behind individuals' actions, desires, and needs that stimulate behavior?
Motivation
Perception
Learning
Habituation
63
What type of research refers to qualitative studies conducted to uncover consumers’ subconscious or hidden motivations?
Thematic Apperception Test
Motivational Research
Projective techniques
Picture Drawing
