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Social Psychology
Social Psychology
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1
Which of the following illustrates the power of complementary traits?
An outgoing woman marries a shy man.
A girl who learns a boy likes her begins to like the boy.
A girl and a boy who both like jogging fall in love.
A girl marries the boy next door.
2
In Solomon Asch's study, which factor increased the rate of conformity?
the task difficulty was increased
the respondents were polled individually
the number of confederates increased
the confederates were all adults
3
Experiments showing the effects of group pressure on conformity were conducted by ______.
Festinger
Singer
Asch
Milgram
4
Attitudes are __________________.
Innate
unchangeable
generally negative
learned
5
The experimenter, Solomon Asch, studied _______ in 1951 with his three line study.
bystander apathy
conformity
groupthink
compliance
6
Voluntarily yielding to social norms, even at the expense of one's own preference, is called?
social loafing
obedience
conformity
compliance
7
What is the term for the process of developing our first knowledge about another person?
impression formation
social interaction
social cognition
stereotyping
8
Carlos and his peers work well together but they face extreme form of conformity called?
groupthink
self-serving bias
stereotyping
fundamental attribution error
9
When people are anonymous they are more likely to act in an antisocial manner. This is called?
deindividuation
groupthink
self-fullfilling prophecy
group polarization
10
In the Milgram obediance experiment their were no actual
independent variables
shocks delivered
ethical concerns
participants
11
Which one of the following activities will NOT reduce cognitive dissonance?
changing the thought to justify the behavior
continuing the behavior in spite of the conflicting thoughts
changing the behavior to match the attitude
spending time with people who engage in the same behavior
12
If you repeated Milgram's classic study obedience, how many of 100 would shock to the highest?
66
33
10
99
13
The tendency of people to comply with a second, lesser request after refusing a larger one is
door-in-the-face technique.
norm of reciprocity technique.
bait-and-switch technique.
lowball technique.
14
Prejudice is a(n) _________, whereas discrimination is a(n) ________.
behavior; attitude
dislike; hatred
hatred; dislike
attitude; behavior
15
Teacher decides against assigning group projects in which all group members get the same grade
is concerned with social loafing
is concerned with social idleness
is concerned with social facilitation
is concerned with conformity
16
What is a difference between obedience and conformity?
Obedience involves an indirect request for agreement.
In obedience the one who makes the request is an authority.
Conformity tells us strictly to obey the rules not obedience
Conformity is agreeing to change in response to a request.
17
______ is a change of behavior in response to a direct request.
Compliance
Persuasion
Conformity
Deindividuation
18
Which factor significantly decreased the likelihood of conformity in Solomon Asch's studies?
the task difficulty was increased
the participants were given two chances at responding
one confederate gave a correct response
polling the respondents individually
19
Which statement is the best explanation of the fundamental attribution error?
We rely on the first information for internal attributions.
We attribute another's behavior to external situations.
We attribute most of what people do to the situations.
We attribute another's behavior to internal predispositions.
20
The hormone associated with aggression seems to be ___________.
estrogen
peptone
testosterone
MDH
21
Attributions are explanations that __________________.
are physical qualities people have, such as attractiveness
explain innate personality traits
account for one's own behaviors the behaviors of others.
are personal predispositions like introversion-extraversion
22
What term means an out-group is responsible for the problems of people in the in-group?
pariah formation
groupthink
deindividuation
scapegoating
23
An individual who exerts less effort when working on a group task is engaging in what is
social idleness
malingering
social loafing
social facilitation
24
State of tension when a person's attitudes does not match the person's actions is called?
cognitive dissonance
attitudinal dysfunction
the fundamental attribution error
the validity effect
25
Al and Amy have been married 55 years and share a love of many activities. This is called?
romantic
consummate
intimate
companionate
26
The simplest, unlearned behavior that is species-specific is called
an emotion
a need
an instinct
a motive
27
A social group of people viewed as competitors or different and unworthy of respect is a(n)
rival group
out-group
pariahin-group
threat-group
28
Tendency of people to comply with a second, larger request after complying with a small request
lowball technique
door-in-the-face technique
response cue technique
foot-in-the-door technique
29
In Milgram's obedience experiments subjects were LESS likely to deliver max levels of shock if
the "learner" in the study said they had a heart condition
the "learner" in the study screamed loudly in pain
the experimenter told subjects they had no choice
subjects observed others refusing to obey the orders
30
One conclusion of much of the research on media and violence is that ____________.
TV tends to make nonaggressive children become aggressive
violent TV programs make children 75% more aggressive
TV causes violence
aggressive children tend to watch violent TV
31
While chatting online in an anonymous forum people are more likely to name call or swear due
deindividuation
social loafing
group polarization
groupthink
32
Which statement best describes an important finding of Milgram's classic research?
The presence of other people makes aggression more likely.
Individuals easily conform to group norms.
People will easily obey an authority and do harm to others.
The presence of other people makes aggression less likely.
33
"I adore the girl next door." This phrase refers to what rule of attraction?
foot-in-the-door effect
saturation effect
reciprocal liking
proximity
34
Dave believes all teachers are irritable, impatient, and uninterested in whether students learn
This is an example of a dispositional cause
This is an example of an impression
This is an example of a stereotype
This is an example of consensus
35
What do we call judgments about people, situations, objects, or thoughts?
stereotypes
cognitions
attitudes
perceptions
36
Scapegoats are usually the group of people with _________.
the least power
the most unusual appearance
the most annoying customs
the most money
37
Which term refers to a set of characteristics believed to be shared by all members of a group?
classification
expectation
stereotype
social cognition
38
What is the term for an improvement in performance caused by presence of an audience?
social facilitation
social loafing
social impairment
social productivity
39
"Birds of a feather" is a phrase that refers to __________.
self-disclosure
similarity
reinforcement
identification
40
A teacher says to class that this is the best class that I have. He works harder in this class?
Students have the best grades due to covert sensitization.
Students have the best grades due to subject bias.
Students have the best grades due to overt sensitization.
Student have the best grades due to self-fulfilling prophecy
41
When we make situational attributions, we are identifying the cause of an action as something?
in the person's disposition
with an unconscious motivation
in the environment
that has been classically conditioned
42
Which of the following is NOT one of the three major components of attitudes?
thoughts
goals
feelings
behaviors
43
Social psychology differs from sociology in its focus on ______.
people's susceptibility to clever advertising
the influences of the social world in which we exist
attribution
abnormal behavior
44
When members of a group give priority to the cohesiveness of the group over the facts this is
groupthink
mass thought
social conformity
consumerism
45
Which of the following would result in cognitive dissonance?
I believe profanity is childish; my father uses profanity.
I believe smoking is bad for my health; I love to smoke.
I believe in good grade; I have a regular study schedule.
I believe dresses are feminine; so sometimes I wears pants.
46
I fall and cut myself badly and no one in the room reacts likely due to
People are too busy to respond.
"The fight-or-flight" response is not activated.
Most people "do not want to become involved.
Diffusion of responsibility is the reason no one responds.
47
In order to reduce groupthink, which of the following strategies would NOT be employed?
seeking opinions of people outside of the group
finding holes in all ideas that go against the group's wants
voting for a choice in secret rather than a public vote
making sure that group leaders remain impartial
48
Which part of the brain has been identified as active when we experience cognitive dissonance?
the ascending pyramidal tracks
the corpus callosum
the anterior amygdala
the left frontal cortex
49
What is the relationship between expertise and persuasion?
Communicators with moderate expertise are most persuasive.
Expertise has no effect on persuasion.
Nonexperts tend to be the most persuasive.
Greater expertise leads to greater persuasion.
50
Which communicator would likely be the most persuasive?
an attractive person who is an expert
a less attractive person who has great expertise
a moderately attractive person who has moderate expertise
a moderately attractive person who is an expert
