Cardiac Unit part 1

with vasoconstriction, myocardial oxygen requirements ____

Your patient has an elevated CVP, what could this be caused by?

A patient has a heart rate of 120bpm. What will this do for the contractility?

Your patient is hooked up to an arterial line. What should the flow be to prevent backflow to transducer?

A patients veins appear vasoconstricted, what will that do for the afterload and stroke volume?

A patient came in with a suspected MI, their cardiac output is low because...

A patient has a stroke volume of 50ml/beat. is this good?

which patient may need a pulmonary cath? (SATA)

Which condition is going to increase Right side afterload?

this is the cardiac output adjusted for body size

The release of renin helps to increase blood pressure by releasing what potent vasoconstrictor?

PAWP may be increased if the patient has which condition?

a patient has an o2 sat of 80-85. which is most likely to be the heart rate?

low cardiac output can be grouped into two groups, this one is d/t tachycardia, hypovolemia, cardiac tamponade, or RCM

Your pt has a line that's necessary to check the phlebostatic axis, the level is slightly above. what does this mean?

Which patient may be a good candidate for an arterial line?

A patient has hypercalcemia. What will this do for the contractility?

a patient has a high cardiac output. The patient will have ___ caused by fever, sepsis, anemia, preg and hyperthyroidism

this is where the transducer is lined up when the patient has an arterial line or pulmonary artery line

A patient is on fluids due to previous dehydration. what will this do to the contractility?

this complication of CVP is rare but usually more common with subclavian or internal jugular insertions

Which condition will most likely decrease contractility?

For chemoreceptors , changes in ___, ___ and ___ are a strong stimulus for and increase or decrease in heart rate (SATA)

sympathetic (beta) stimulation from poorly stretched baroreceptors causes...

Vasoconstriction maintains blood pressure but increases...

for a PA cath, a computer monitor will determine CO by using a ___ method

The angiocath of an arterial line is connected to a pressure infuser which is kept at about ___mm of mercury.

a patient who has right sided heart failure gets their CVP checked. What will the result most likely look like?

contractility will increase with...

Your patient has an elevated CVP, what could this be caused by?

A patient has aortic stenosis. What will the afterload be like?

This measures the pressure directly in the artery

A patient with fluid loss has an increased blood return, how do you respond?

Obstruction of outflow track in septal part of heart is

You took a patients blood pressure. The outcome was 120/80mmHg. Which number reflects afterload?

a decreased afterload is going to do what for contractility?

how often is a BP checked in your patient who has an arterial line?

A patient has a cardiac output of 2.5L/min/m3. Is this normal?

This is considered the 2nd determinant of stroke volume and measures the amount of pressure the heart must pump through

if stimulation of baroreceptors decrease b/c of low vascular volume, sympathetic stimulation occurs which leads to...

contractility is affected by (sata)

This helps restore the balance between supply and demand for O2 that is needed for heart and decreases workload of heart

You are about to remove a pulmonary cath. what do you instruct the patient to do?

Pulsation from artery is carried through tubing. Transducer converts pulsation to electrical signal to show a reading

While an increased preload can increase cardiac output, an increased afterload will ___ CO

When a patient has a low CO, the blood flow to kidneys will be compromised. What will the kidneys release to help?

when the mitral valve opens and closes, a ___ pressure can determine pressure of LV when full before mitral valve closes

A hypotensive patient is getting albumin (plasmonate). You know that this product has an increased blood volume for...

Which medication will NOT decrease contractility (parasympathetic stimulation)?

this is defined as the amount of blood ejected by ventricle each minute

this complication is silent but could be caused by a kink, poor fluid flow, repositioning or flushing

You have a pt with a decreased preload. You want to improve the preload. Which medication would you hang? (SATA)

a pulmonary artery cath can connect to transducer which helps measure pressure when connected to ___ port

this determines cardiac output as well as provides continuous reading of patients core temperature

when beta 2 receptors are stimulated, they cause... (SATA)

during diastole, what does a intra-aortic balloon pump do?

What IV fluid is most appropriate to expand vascular volume in hemodynamically compromised patient?

amt of venous return, pressure/ vol generated in DBP and amt of stretch in heart cells prior to contraction all affect..

Which place is a pulmonary cath NOT placed?

stroke volume depends on (SATA)

this is done by inserting a balloon in the pulmonary artery that occludes flow and reflects left ventricle EDP

This test is done to ensure adequate blood flow to hand.

The pressure of the heart is measured through a ____

out of the 3 lumens for Central Venous pressure (CVP), which one is used for CVP monitoring?

A patient has a heart rate of 150bpm will have a ___ stroke volume

You are about to insert an arterial line on your pt. The patient asks why you are doing an "allens test". you respond...

a Doctor asks you how to calculate the cardiac output of a patient, how do you respond?

A patient has sepsis, what is this going to do for the patients afterload?

Identification of the phlebostatic axis, the patient should be ___

Your pt with an arterial line has bleeding around the site, what are they at risk for?

contractility changes on a beat by beat basis depending on (SATA)...

Before doing a reading on a pt with a line, need to identify the phlebostatic axis and make sure it is ____

A patient needs her afterload measured. How does one do this?

to improve stroke volume and contractility, you want this system to be stimulated

A patient with end diastolic pressure that is too high will cause stretching of muscle fibers will be...

a patient comes in with suspected restrictive cardiomyopathy. They will have a low cardiac output due to...

which medication will NOT increase contractility?

A patient is on Lisinopril, what is this going to do for the patients afterload?

this is the stretch of fiber which preload can be explained by

A patients heart rate is 150bpm, you know this means... (SATA)

A pt is at risk for a femoral retro peritoneal bleed following an arterial line, what position should you place this pt

baroreceptors reflex (aortic arch and carotid) are sensitive to stretch or pressure, extra stretch leads to

this is the amount of blood pumped by heart PER BEAT

A patient has a positive pressure ventilator and got their CVP checked. what will the result most likely be?

A patient has a low cardiac output/BP. What will the body NOT do to compensate?

As end diastolic pressure increases, so does systolic pressure and CO but if pressure gets too high, CO ____

A patient with an arterial line is hooked up to the monitor. The middle portion measures the CVP. The CVP measures....

low CO can be grouped into two groups, this one is d/t MI, metabolic disorders, negative inotropic meds or myocarditis

which of these patients has a decreased preload?

water and sodium will be retained for a pt with a low CO because of...

Which of these patients has a low preload?

A pt with an arterial line is hooked up to a monitor, the lowest section shows pulmonary artery. What does it do?

When beta 1 receptors are stimulated, they cause... (SATA)

which patient most likely does NOT need their CVP checked?

PAWP measures...

You are an RN caring for a pt with an arterial line. Which one of these statements is true?