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Physics Chapters 2-5 HW
Physics Chapters 2-5 HW
100 terms
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1
Anything that exerts a “push” or a “pull” so that it can cause a change in the motion of another body is:
a force
a mass
energy
pressure
2
Light that changes direction when passing from air through an interface into water is:
reflected
scattered
dispersed
refracted
3
In physics, which of the following is
not
a fundamental standard of measurement?
time
speed
mass
length
4
If the number of protons within an atom’s nucleus is changed, which of the following must absolutely change:
the electrical charge
the element’s name
the number of electrons
the number of neutrons
5
For a water wave traveling at 3 meters per second, and a wavelength of 2 meters, the frequency is:
0.67 hertz
1.5 hertz
2 hertz
6 hertz
6
How many
millimeters
in an inch?
2.54
0.6
25.4
1.6
7
If a 50-kilogram body is moved from outer space down to the earth, its
mass
will:
increase
fluctuate
remain the same
decrease
8
The barium sulfate suspension which patients drink for an Upper GI series is chemically best described as a(n):
mixture
molecule
element
compound
9
Solve for the Word Problem:
1.9 angstroms
5.2 angstroms
0.19 angstroms
52 angstroms
10
A thousand volts would be one:
millivolt
nanovolt
kilovolt
megavolt
11
According to the graph below, how much radiation was required to cause 65% of a population of rats to develop leukemia?
8 Gray
127 Gray
140 Gray
152 Gray
12
A fluoroscopic examination is conducted using 1.5 A (amperes) of electricity. That is equivalent to:
15 mA
150 mA
1500 mA
15,000 mA
13
The energy of an x-ray photon is directly proportional to its:
velocity
velocity squared
frequency
wavelength
14
An atom has a Z-number of 30 and 12 neutrons in its nucleus. What is it’s
A
number?
18
42
12
30
15
Approx. how many cm is the standard distance of the x-ray tube from the Bucky when performing tabletop x-ray procedure?
72
40
100
60
16
When gamma radiation is emitted from a radioactive atom, what happens to the atom’s
Z
number?
it decreases by one
it remains unchanged
it increases by four
it decreases by two
17
Solve: (2.6 X 10
3
) / (9.3 X
10
-4
) =
2.8 X 106
2.8 X 10 -1
24.2 X 107
0.28 X 10 -1
18
What is the “long-hand” expression for 4.2 X 10
4
:
4,200
420,000
420
42,000
19
The only kind of heat transfer that can take place through vacuum space is:
conduction
radiation
friction
convection
20
As a result of Beta decay, an atom
gains
:
an electron
a proton
a photon
a neutron
21
In fullscientific notation, the number 0.0081 is:
0.81 X 104
8.1 X 103
0.81 X 10-4
8.1 X 10 -3
22
In “closed systems” such as the universe, laws of conservation demand that:
the potential energy of an object must increase as it drops
force cannot be multiplied
energy is viable and can be created with force
total energy must be equal before and after an event
23
When an alpha particle is emitted from an atom of uranium, how does this change the atomic
mass
?
it decrease by four
it increases by one
it increases by three
it decreases by two
24
Answer the Question:
have indefinite volume
expand according to pressure
resist compression
have indefinite shape
25
Which of the following represents the conversion of kinetic energy into potential energy:
“free-falling” when skydiving
running a car motor using gasoline
lifting a book up off of a table
using the chemicals in a battery to make electricity
26
As the distance from the x-ray tube to the image receptor plate changes, the intensity of radiation changes:
by inverse proportion to the distance
according to the square of the distance
according to the inverse square of the distance
proportionately to the distance
27
The vertical columns in the periodic table of the elements are called:
groups
principle quantum numbers
periods
valence
28
When considering electromagnetic waves, the higher the frequency, the:
shorter the wavelength
higher the speed
greater the amplitude
longer the wavelength
29
What is the chemical symbol for barium?
Pb
L
B
Ba
30
All waves transport:
charge
mass
matter
energy
31
Answer the Question:
directly related
directly proportional
inversely proportional
inversely related
32
A substance which occupies a definite volume of space, but does not retain a definite shape, would be a:
resin
fluid
gas
liquid
33
Within each shell of an atom, which of the two rules for electron configuration always takes precedence?
the valence rule
the octet rule
the principle quantum number rule
the 2N2 rule
34
In physics, which of the following is a fundamental unit, (not a derived unit):
miles per hour
milliamperes
centimeters
meters per second
35
Temperature measures the ___ of molecules:
average internal energy
average potential energy
average kinetic energy
average external energy
36
The interactions between all matter in the universe are governed by __ different forces.
6
4
3
5
37
The strongest type of bonding of atoms together to form molecules is:
ionic bonding
magnetic bonding
Van Der Whals forces
covalent bonding
38
On a conventional x-ray image, structures that appear lighter or “white” represent __ tissues within the patient’s body:
radiolucent
radiopaque
transparent
resonant
39
In the wave model of an x-ray, two transverse waves are positioned:
perpendicular to their amplitudes
parallel to their amplitudes
perpendicular to each other
parallel to each other
40
Surrounding every moving electron is:
both a and b
an electric field
a nuclear field
a magnetic field
41
If the instructor weighs 185 pounds, how many kilograms does he weigh?
84 kg
18.5 kg
1,850 kg
407 kg
42
Heat is defined as the flow of ____ from one substance to another:
radiation
potential energy
internal energy
pressure
43
The smallest unit of a chemical compound is the:
nucleus
atom
electron
molecule
44
The outermost “shell” of an atom can
never
hold more than ___ electrons in it:
2N2
18
8
2
45
Answer the Question:
absorption
refraction
attenutation
scattering
46
At the molecular level, sound and heat are actually both forms of:
potential energy
kinetic energy
chemical energy
atomic energy
47
In the diagram below, what is the wavelength of this wave?
3 cm
1 cm
1.5 cm
2 cm
48
An isotope is an atom which has:
an unusual number of nucleons
excess energy
an unusual number of neutrons
an electrical charge
49
Even though electrons are much smaller than protons they have:
an equal electrical charge
more mass
an equal and opposite electrical charge
an equal mass
50
The source of all electromagnetic waves is:
vibrating electrical charges
changes in the atomic nucleus
magnetic fields
heat energy
51
In the diagram below, how fast does this wave travel through its medium?
1.5 cm/sec
2 cm/sec
2 cm/sec
1 cm/sec
52
What is the chemical symbol for calcium?
T
C
Ca
W
53
When explained as a wave, an x-ray is most accurately described as a(n):
single transverse wave
double compressional wave
single compressional wave
double transverse wave
54
Solve the Word Problem:
2.14 mGy/sec
1.12 mGy/sec
27.2 mGy/sec
0.92 mGy/sec
55
What is the atomic number for lead?
82
56
53
47
56
What is the atomic number for tungsten?
20
47
74
6
57
Heat transfer by convection is restricted to:
gasses
fluids
solids
liquids
58
Beta particles can be emitted from:
any proton
any nucleon
any neutron
any electron
59
The generic unit of energy is the:
pound
joule
quantum
volt
60
On a periodic chart of the elements, when would the next atom listed move to the next row or “period”?
when the atomic weight changes
when another proton is added
when the next isotope is reached
when the next electron added requires a new shell
61
According to the graph below, which of the following accurately describes the x-rays in this beam of radiation?
There are 12 million x-rays having 55 kV of energy
There are 3 million x-rays having 74 kV of energy
There are 55 million x-rays having 74 kV of energy
There are 12 million x-rays having 3 kV of energy
62
Any device that can change one form of energy into another is called a(n):
convector
generator
transformer
transducer
63
For a particular element,
all
isotopes of the element have the same:
equilibrium
potential energy
number of neutrons
number of protons
64
Which of the following is
False
: In outer space, an electromagnetic wave:
cannot travel through the vacuum of space
travels at the speed of light
can be generated by an excited electron
is a double-transverse wave
65
Which of the following is
not
a form of energy:
thermal
chemical
nuclear
work
66
What is the chemical symbol for iodine?
i
Pb
B
Ba
67
The third “shell” outward from the nucleus of an atom can never, under any circumstances, hold more than ___ electrons:
2
18
8
16
68
Which of the following forces is responsible for the fact that objects seem solid even though atoms are mostly space?
strong nuclear
electrical
gravitational
weak nuclear
69
According to the histogram graph below, how many pixels in this digital image hold a pixel value of 1280?
768
1700
352
1100
70
40 ms = seconds
400,000
40,000
0.4
0.04
71
One cycle per second is the definition for the unit:
lambda
hertz
amplitude
volt
72
Answer the Question:
½ hertz
2 hertz
1 hertz
3 hertz
73
A four-meter cube contains how much more volume than a two-meter cube?
6 times more
4 times more
2 times more
8 times more
74
Compared to an electron, how much more massive is a proton?
2000 times more
2000 times less
about the same
10 times more
75
Which of the following elements has a Z number of 53:
calcium
iodine
tungsten
lead
76
A mile is:
slightly less than 1½ kilometers
slightly more than 1½ kilometers
slightly more than ½ kilometer
slightly less than ½ kilometer
77
What is the frequency for the wave shown below:
3.5 Hz
0.5 Hz
2 Hz
1 Hz
78
Different colors of light are electromagnetic waves with different:
speeds
intensities
wavelengths
amplitudes
79
Graphs must use ____ in order to accurately represent data.
a best fit line
a logarithmic scale
a proportional scale
a straight line
80
Answer the Question:
3 joules
1.5 joules
4.5 joules
½ joule
81
The value 0.72 expressed as a percentage is:
0.72%
0.0072%
72%
7.2%
82
Solve the Word Problem:
14.28 mGy
2.47 mGy
6.9 mGy
25.92 mGy
83
Answer the Question:
conduction
resonance
harmonics
correlation
84
On the periodic chart of the elements, when would the next atom listed move to the next
group
?
any time the atomic weight changes
when the next electron added requires a new “shell”
when another proton is added
when the next isotope is reached
85
One correct interpretation of Einstein’s famous equation “E = mc
2
” is that:
it takes an huge amount of energy to create a very small amount of matter
absolutely nothing can exceed the speed of light
atom bombs require huge amounts of matter to work
energy cannot be created nor destroyed
86
Diagnostic x-ray wavelengths range from:
1 to 5 angstroms
40 to 120 angstroms
0.1 to 0.5 nanometers
one-tenth to one-half angstrom
87
How many
elements
are in LaSO
4
?
2
4
1
3
88
A gamma ray is:
an electron
the nucleus of a hydrogen atom
a neutron
a photon
89
Solve for X: X + 22 = -8
-30
30
14
-14
90
Which of the following must be changed in an atom in order to change the identity of the element?
Z number
N number
A number
charge
91
Covalent bonding between atoms occurs because of a “defect” in the:
balance between protons and neutrons
balance between protons and electrons
distribution of positive charge within the nucleus
distribution of negative charge that forms a smooth screen around the atom
92
Which of the following has energies measured in the range of 2 to 3 volts:
cosmic rays
light waves
radio waves
gamma rays
93
Solve for X:
48
576
4
36
94
The amplitude of a series of water waves is the:
horizontal distance from crest to trough
horizontal distance from crest to crest
vertical distance from crest to crest
one-half the vertical distance from crest to trough
95
To hold together the nucleus of an atom, the strong nuclear force must overwhelm:
electrical force
the neutrons
the weak nuclear force
gravity
96
Solve the Word Problem:
0.008 kVp
113 kVp
88 kVp
13.6 kVp
97
An electron drops down to a lower atomic shell, its
positional
form of potential energy is emitted as?
a chemical form of potential energy
an electromagnetic form of potential energy
a nuclear form of potential energy
a mechanical form of potential energy
98
If an atom has 20 neutrons, 20 protons and 19 electrons, it is:
unstable
an isotope
an ion
radioactive
99
When you travel at 50 mph (miles-per-hour), you are doing about:
100 km/hr
2200 ft/min
80 km/hr
1100 ft/min
100
If an object is lifted from 10 meters to 20 meters above the ground, it will have:
twice as much kinetic energy
one-half the potential energy
twice as much potential energy
the same energy