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Let's Review: Renaissance, 'New' Monarchs, Discovery, & the Scientific Revolution Flashcards | StudBud
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Let's Review: Renaissance, 'New' Monarchs, Discovery, & the Scientific Revolution
Let's Review: Renaissance, 'New' Monarchs, Discovery, & the Scientific Revolution
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AP European History Renaissance Review
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1
Tycho Brahe
advocated geo-heliocentricity from his observatory in Denmark
was condemned by the Church and burned at the stake for his beliefs
was a Protestant minister who attacked the new modes of scientific inquiry
was a major supporter of Copernicus' theory within the scientific community
2
Conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire and built Mexico City which secured Spain’s position in the New World.
Vasco da Gama
Hernan Cortez
Pedro Alvares Cabral
Francisco Pizarro
3
An early Christian humanist who prepared new Latin & Greek editions of the
New Testament
& wrote
In Praise of Folly
was
Desiderius Erasmus
John Wyclyff
John Calvin
Martin Luther
4
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the Renaissance?:
reemphasis on the culture of antiquity.
strong anti-Christian sentiment.
confidence in human rationality.
the development of a historical and critical view of the world.
5
Published "Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres" in 1543 in which he supported a heliocentric theory of the universe
Copernicus
Galileo
Brahe
Merian
6
The
Treaty of Tordesillas
gave Portugal the eastern trade route to the Indies & Brazil; lands west of Brazil were given
to England
to Italy
to Spain
to the Netherlands
7
All of the following were catalysts for overseas European exploration EXCEPT
reoccurring outbreaks of bubonic plague
the Ottoman takeover of Constantinople in 1453
Iberian primogeniture
the pursuit of religious converts and monarchical competition
8
The term "Renaissance Man" is
most often
ascribed to ___________.
Donatello
Michelangelo
Raphael
Leonardo da Vinci
9
Which dynasty of merchants in Florence used their wealth to patronize leading artists of the day?
Visconti
Medici
Sforza
Gonzaga
10
What famous piece of Renaissance architecture did Filippo Brunelleschi construct?
The facade of San Giorgio Cathedral
The dome on St. Peter's Basilica
The domes on San Lorenzo Cathedral
The dome on the Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral
11
Lorenzo Valla gained fame for
proving the Donation of Constantine a fraud
challenging the authority of Savonarola
becoming ruler of the Renaissance city of Florence
his mechanistic inventions for architecture
12
Which Renaissance artist is responsible for the following piece?
Bosch
Perugino
Botticelli
Brueghel
13
Which artist portrayed Plato and Aristotle at the center of the piece titled
School of Athens
?
Michelangelo
Donatello
Raphael
da Vinci
14
Helped uncover the 3 laws of planetary motion because he better understood the mathematics behind heliocentricism.
Kepler
Copernicus
Newton
Brahe
15
Which of the following is NOT considered a "new" monarch?
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain
Francis I
Girolamo Savonarola
Henry VII
16
Joint stock companies, double-entry book keeping (accounting) and the rise of early banking are all associated with
the Age of Enlightenment
the achievements of "new" Monarchs
the Commercial Revolution
the reign of Charles VIII of France
17
Which Renaissance text offered the advice "...be loved or feared, but never hated?"
The Book of the Courtier
The Prince
Oration on the Dignity of Man
The Praise of Folly
18
Who is the artist of the following piece?
da Vinci
Raphael
Donatello
Michelangelo
19
What innovation in painting was developed by Renaissance artists?
The illusion of depth
The use of religous themes
The use of abstract geometric figures
The use of symbolism
20
Which statement about Galileo is NOT TRUE?
His text "Starry Messenger" was the main catalyst for his trial.
He created a telescope that was 20 times more powerful than previous ones.
He died while under house arrest for supporting heliocentricity.
His text "Dialogue on the Two Systems" was the main catalyst for his trial.
21
Both Descartes and Bacon had theories on the scientific method in the 17th-century. A major difference between them was
Bacon's rejection of systematic observation of nature
Descartes's emphasis on the importance of mathematics and deductve reason
Descarrtes's continuing belief in supernatural explanations
Bacon's adherence to the geocentric theory in astronomy
22
Which was NOT a cause of the Scientific Revolution?
The search for the physical location of the soul within the body
The establishment of chairs in physics and mathematics at universities
The recovery of ancient mathematical texts during the Renaissance
The patronage of princes and kings
23
By 1500, Europens knew of the existence of all the following planets EXCEPT
Neptune
Saturn
Mars
Jupiter
24
Investigations into which 2 fields (not considered science today) actually helped fuel the Scientific Revolution?
alchemy and astrology
astronomy and humanism
mathematics and motion
anatomy and physiology
25
Highly detailed maps of landmasses and coastlines made by navigators during the Age of Discovery were
portolani
erdapfels (globes)
Robinson projections
Mercator projections
26
Which of the following movements sought to emulate the Greco-Roman classics after 1400?
Nominalism
Sufism
Medievalism
Humanism
27
"
An Anatomical Account of the Motion of the Heart and Blood"
was written by which natural philosopher in 1628?
Andreas Vesalius
Paracelsus
Robert Boyle
William Harvey
28
The Renaissance painting shown here is the most expensive to ever be sold at auction. How much did it fetch?
200 million dollars
450 million dollars
300 million dollars
400 million dollars
29
He led the first circumnavigation of the world, and is considered the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean.
Henry Cabot
Bartholomew Diaz
Vasco da Gama
Ferdinand Magellan
30
Prior to the Scientific Revolution, medieval science was primarily based on
close observation of nature.
pure superstitions.
Christian theology and writings of ancient authors.
the experimental method.
31
Which scientific figure is INCORRECTLY paired to an achievement?
Paracelsus - reinforced and supported Galen's humoral theory
Vesalius - published "On the Structure of the Human Body"
Boyle - father of modern chemistry; proved vacuums can exist in nature
Merian - studied metamorphosis of caterpillars to butterflies
32
In the fantastical "Travels of Sir John Mandeville," which of the following WAS NOT encountered along his journey?
A nation that feasts on chubby children
Jumbo sheep and gigantic snails
A city where the sun never sets
People with a pancake for a face
33
"I think, therefore I am," is assocated with which thinker?
Rene Descartes
Pico della Mirandola
Francesco Petrarch
Francis Bacon
34
What is the best explanation for Isaac Newton's importance to the Scientific Revolution?
He wrote the first textbook on algebraic geometry.
He provided an explanation of the systematic organization of the universe
Newton first publicized the findings of astronomers to other scientists
Newton was the first to prove that the geocentric universe was an error
35
Which of the following items were transferred from the Old World to the New World as part of the Columbian Exchange?
cacao, sheeps, pigs, peanuts
avocado, peppers, potato, corn
onion, coffee, influenza, smallpox
pumpkin, turkey, pineapple, whooping cough
36
The Newtonian, scientific model of the universe as developed by the early 1700s, was
mechanistic and predicable.
mythological and magical.
organic and poetic.
irrational and holistic.
37
Which statement about French "new" monarchs is NOT TRUE?
Charles VII did not end the Armagnac-Burgundian civil war before he died.
Charles VII teamed with Joan of Arc to win the 100 Years' War.
Louis XI used a professional army to undermine noble influence.
Francis I signed the Concordat of Bologna.
38
Which of the following best describes Italy, politically, in the Renaissance era?
A unified nation under the pope in Rome
Dynamic urban states that dominated their regions
A collection of states ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor
An Ottoman colony
39
Which of the following items were transferred from the New World to the Old World as part of the Columbian Exchange?
tobacco, squash, corn, beans
cattle, rice, barley, oats
smallpox, syphilis, grapes, sugar cane
coffee, pears, olives, turkeys
40
Castiglione, in his work,
The Courtier
condemned the Church.
provided a handbook for politicians.
suggested the proper social graces for a young Renaissance noble.
supported the power of the monarch.
41
What was the principle factor that led to the decline of Italy as a center of artistic patronage by the early 16th cent?
the Hapsburgh-Valois Wars
the Wars of the Roses
the invasion of the Ottoman Turks
the Crusades
42
The balance of power was effectively maintained between the Italian city states during the early Renaissance by the
Jubilee Treaty
Naples Accords
Donation of Constantine
Peace of Lodi
43
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a Northern Humanist?
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Hieronymus Bosch
Jan van Eyck
Desiderius Erasmus
44
Generally used for carrying cargo, this innovation was faster than most vessels & favored by explorers in the 1400s...
Carracks
Sextants
Steamships
Caravels
45
Who is the sculptor of the following Renaissance piece?
Donatello
Michelangelo
Brueghel
Raphael
46
The Spanish term
Reconquista
refers to which of the following?
Spain's victory over the French in northern Italy.
the beginnings of Habsburg rule in Spain.
the defeat of the Islamic states on the Iberian peninsula.
the long sought trade agreement with Portugal.
47
Which is NOT TRUE of the new colonial class system that emerged in the New World following its discovery and settlement?
Mestizos were a cultural blend of European and African peoples.
Peninsulares were at the top of the hierarchy.
Bartolome de las Casas criticized the treatment of the lowliest peoples.
Mulattoes were a cultural blend of European and African peoples.
48
Renaissance humanism was a contradiction of the Middle Ages in that it
ignored the authority of the Church
emphasized the goodness of the present and the power of man
denied Church doctrine, including the trinity
sought logical explanations for the outbreak of plague in the 14th century
49
The Spanish empire in America was characterized by
a large creole class of higher-level colonial government officials.
the complete exhaustion of silver mines of Mexico and Peru by 1550.
the introduction of a manorial-like system, the encomienda.
no importation of African slaves to the Caribbean territories
50
The economic theory of mercantilism would be consistent with which of the following statements?
a government should seek to direct the economy so as to maximize exports.
it is vital that a country import more than it exports.
colonies are of little economic importance to the mother country.
economies will prosper most when trade is restricted as little as possible.
51
Who is considered the
Father of Humanism
and authored both "Lives of Illustrious Men" and "Letters to the Ancient Dead"?
Thomas More
Niccolo Machiavelli
Desiderius Erasmus
Francesco Petrarch
52
Leonardo Bruni's 1436 mastepiece "History of Florence" is critical to a new because it
is the only known Renaissance era text to explore the history of Florence
reinforced ancient mythological & religious foundations of historical study
covers extensive biographical information on both da Vinci & Michelangelo
secularized history into ancient, medieval, and modern periods
53
The following painting of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino
best emphasizes
which aspect of Renaissance painting?
Classicism
Individualism
Geometrical arrangements
Mysticism
54
What was the first book printed on Gutenberg's printing press?
The Decameron
The Bible
The Canterbury Tales
The Divine Comedy
55
In the 14th century, writings in the
common languages
of European countries were called
Ecclesiastical works
Classical works
Vernacular literature
Catholic texts
56
Which development led to the shortages of labor in 14th-century Europe & in 16th & 17th-century North and South America?
fall of Constantinople
outbreak of the Black Death and smallpox
rise of nation-states
introduction of new military technologies
57
The author of "Oration on the Dignity of Man," considered the Renaissance manifesto was
Mirandola
Petrarch
More
Erasmus
58
Thomas More's
Utopia
illustrated the northern humanists' break with the Catholic church
presented a revolutionary social order based on communal living
stressed that the end always justified the means in politics
opposed the use of public funds to patronize artists
59
Renaissance education was characterized by
a hesitancy to question old teachings.
tendencies to criticize the Church and openly encourage religious revolt
emphasis on developing the "complete individual"
little attention to anything but academic pursuits
60
Henry VII's
Court of Star Chamber
reflected an enlightened view of the monarch's role
conducted foreign policy
resulted in peasants' uprisings
reduced the power of the nobles through intimidation