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Primatology Exam 3
Primatology Exam 3
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Primatology Exam 3
Flashcards
149 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
149
Answers
1
Which Primates have moist noses?
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Apes
Prosimians
2
High-crowned cheekteeth/cusps joined by ridges should indicate what kind of diet?
Insectivores
Folivores
Frugivores
3
Social group that separates and comes back together:
Polyandrous
Fission Fusion
Monogamous
Harem
4
Primates, have a bone called the ___ which completely surrounds the eye in a bony ring.
Postorbital Bar
Postorbital Closure
Superior Occulum
Eye Ring
5
Instantaneous or momentary behavior that occurs without measurable duration
Event
Bout
Instantaneous
State
6
Which is NOT a difference between New and Old World Monkeys?
Butt Pads
Dental Formula
Hair Color
Nostrils
7
__that primates construct abstract categories of behavior, predict future behaviors from past
Attentional Beliefs
False Beliefs
Theory of Mind
Behavioral Abstration
8
__is any action intended to help others
Prosocial Behavior
Byproduct Mutualism
Cooperation
Reciprocal Altruism
9
T or F: Australia has many primate species.
True
False
10
T or F: There are no nocturnal monkeys, only nocturnal prosimians.
False
True
11
T or F: All primates have color vision
True
False
12
T or F: Interpreting findings is simply stating the results.
False
True
13
What is the most primitive type of communication?
Visual
Auditory
Tactile
Odor/Chemical
14
Which behavior is not included in agonism:
Submission
Aggression
Grooming
Threat
15
Strephsirhini differs from Prosimians by excluding what?
Capuchins
Siamangs
Tarsiers
Owl Monkeys
16
What adaptation allows cercopithecines to quickly gather food and eat it in a safer location?
Large Hands
Cheek Pouches
Basket Weaving
Butt Pads
17
Total area utilized by a primate is considered their ____.
Core Area
Path Length
Day Range
Home Range
18
__ # of successful predator encounters
Death Drop
Predation Rate
Predation Risk
Vulnerabilty
19
__ individual’s experience/wariness of biological social variables
Death Drop
Vulnerabilty
Predation Risk
Predation Rate
20
The lowest level of the forest is called the ____.
Understory
Canopy
Emergent Layer
21
Primates who defend an entire resource area are considered:
Carpuscular
Submissive
Cathemeral
Territorial
22
Which level of the forest is discontinuous, hot and exposes individuals to aerial predators?
Main Canopy
Emergent
Understory
23
Gives a perfect duration for behaviors:
Ad Libitum Sampling
One-Zero Sampling
Continuous Recording
Event
24
Use ___ to collate, summarize and present results and describe data found in study
Descriptive Statistics
Confirmatory Data Analysis
Inferential Statistics
Hypothesis Testing
25
Which is not a hypothesis listed as a reason for the evolution of primate intelligence
Social Intelligence Hypothesis
Cultural Intelligence Hypothesis
Ecological Intelligence Hypothesis
Spatial Intelligence Hypothesis
26
T or F: Raccoons have an opposable thumb
True
False
27
The number of times a behavior occurs
Frequency
Rate
Mean
Minimum
28
Record information for a whole group of animals at regular intervals
Behavior Sampling
Focal Animal Sampling
Ad libitum
Scan Sampling
29
Which is an example of social cognition?
Spatial Memory
Causality
Theory of Mind
Quantity
30
Who most likely has the longest interbirth interval?
Bonnet Macaque
Ring Tailed Lemurs
Common Marmoset
Orangutan
31
The simplest social group found among primates is the ____.
Noyau
Harem
Polyandrous
Multi-Male
32
An example of a New World Monkey is:
Orangutan
Ring-tailed Lemur
Patas Monkey
Squirrel Monkey
33
The area of the home range that is most heavily used is called the ____.
Home Range
Territory
Noyau
Core Area
34
Comparing males and females locomotion calls for a ___ test.
Paired Samples t-test
Regression Analysis
Independent t-test
Correlation
35
Which Primates live in Central and South America?
New World Monkeys
Apes
Prosimians
Old World Monkeys
36
The skull is composed of what 2 parts:
Cranium and Eyes
Head and Mouth
Cranium and Teeth
Cranium and Mandible
37
Primates that are active during the night hours and inactive, or sleeping, during the day are:
Cathemeral
Nocturnal
Diurnal
Carpuscular
38
Which is NOT a primate response to a predator.
Flee
Mobbing
Shielding
Alarm Call
39
Tapetum lucidum, or eye shine, is common in _____ primates.
Prosimians
Old World
Nocturnal
Diurnal
40
Record all occurrences of a particular behavior
Scan Sampling
Behavior Sampling
Focal Animal Sampling
Ad libitum
41
Which is NOT a reason that primate groups can vary widely between different habitats?
Cohesiveness
Predator Pressures
Population Density
Food Availability
42
Which is NOT a form of Auditory communication?
Alarm Call
Growl
Language
Scent Glands
43
A list of identifiable behaviors
Events
List
Behaviors
Ethogram
44
__ is when a resource is accessible to all competitors
Cooperation
Scramble Competition
Contest Competition
Extractive Foraging
45
Which level of the forest has more horizontally continuous supports for arboreal travel ?
Main Canopy
Understory
Emergent
46
Primates who rest less and devote more of their time to searching for patches of foods are:
Energy Minimizers
Carpuscular
Energy Maximizers
Diurnal
47
T or F: Primates have a reduced reproductive rate
True
False
48
Eats seeds, nuts and berries
Granivore
Carnivore
Frugivore
Gumnivore
49
Behavior with a measurable duration
Bout
Event
Instantaneous
State
50
An example of a Prosimian is:
Squirrel Monkey
Patas Monkey
Orangutan
Ring-tailed Lemur
51
___ species are those whose young are relatively mature and mobile from the moment of birth
Altricial
Precocial
52
Has gametes that are many, frequent and not-costly
Males
Females
53
Female selection of males with the most attractive traits is an example of ___.
Intra-sexual selection
Inter-sexual selection
54
Hamadryas baboons are the only example of _____ group type.
Harem
Multilevel Society
Fission Fusion
Noyau
55
__ is: available resources, such as food & mates, are utilized only by one or a few individuals
Scramble Competition
Contest Competition
Cooperation
Extractive Foraging
56
Who is this primatologist?
Louis Leaky
Berute Galdikas
Dian Fossey
Jane Goodall
57
Catarrhini does NOT include the following:
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkey
Apes
Lemur
58
What is NOT favored by male-male competition:
Large canines
Flashy Colors
Paternal Care
Small body size
59
If a primate eats a low quality diet that is in large, high density patches, it most like has a
Small Home Range
Large Home Range
60
The number of times a behavior occurs per unit time
Frequency
Minimum
Rate
Mean
61
Which of these is NOT referred to in a dental formula (e.g., 2-1-3-3)?
Premolars
Cavities
Incisors
Molars
62
When the likelihood of births/deaths/movement of animals in/out of a population is low.
Closed Population
Open Population
63
Use ___
to “test” the hypothesis against the null hypothesis
Exploratory Data Analysis
Means
Confirmatory Data Analysis
Descriptive Statistics
64
Which ISN'T an exception (postorbital bar rule) when determining if skulls are primate or not?
Sloth
Hyrax
Tree Shrew
Ungulates
65
Which is NOT a cost of maternal care?
Energy
Competition
Calories
Time
66
Eats fruit
Carnivore
Frugivore
Gumnivore
Granivore
67
Which is an example of a Behavioral Measure of welfare?
Activity Budgets
Abnormal Behavior
Immune System
Heart Rate
68
Primates that are active during the daylight hours and inactive, or sleeping, at night are:
Diurnal
Cathemeral
Nocturnal
Carpuscular
69
____ studies analyze the timing of events in the lives of individuals of different species.
Development
Life History
Sequential
Reproductive
70
Which level of the forest has little light, is discontinuous and has many vertical supports?
Understory
Emergent
Main Canopy
71
An example of an Old World Monkey is:
Orangutan
Patas Monkey
Ring-tailed Lemur
Squirrel Monkey
72
__is the ratio between actual brain mass and predicted brain mass for an animal of a given size
EQ
Encephalization Quotient
Equalizer Levels
Cognitive Eveness
73
Conservation of specie in isolation of their natural habitat is called __
Invasive Species
Zoonotic
Ex situ
In situ
74
Harem groups are examples of what mating system?
Polygyny
Polygyandry
Monogamy
Promiscuous
75
Which is NOT an example of mate choice?
Extraction
Direct Benefits
Runaway Selection
Sensory Exploitation
76
Give an example of a monogamous primate species
Rhesus Macaque
Baboon
Chimpanzee
Gibbon
77
Name a way to directly observe the density of a primate population
Feces
Tracks
Line Transects
Nests
78
Comparing the relationship between height and weight across a sample calls for a ___ test.
Paired Samples t-test
Correlation
Division
Independent t-test
79
T or F: Louis Leakey studied primates in the wild
False
True
80
Which is not a form of locomotion discussed in class?
Quadrupedal
Galloping
Bipedal
Suspensory
81
Dian Fossey studied what species in the wild?
Orangutan
Chimpanzee
Gibbon
Gorilla
82
Which Primates have widely spaced nostrils separated by a thick septum?
Prosimians
Apes
Old World Monkeys
New World Monkeys
83
Comparing Pre- and Post- weights calls for a ____ statistical test.
Independent t-test
Regression Analysis
Correlation
Paired Samples t-test
84
____ involve a ranking of individuals in a group based on pairwise aggressive interactions.
Agonistic Pairs
Dominance Hierarchies
Dyads
Social Groups
85
What does IMI stand for:
Intermembral Index
Inter-Monkey Incisors
Intermolar Index
Inside Monkey Intestines
86
When the likelihood of births/deaths/movement of animals in/out of a population is high.
Open Population
Closed Population
87
Which does NOT have a fully prehensile tail?
Leaf Monkey
Howler Monkey
Spider Monkey
Wooly Monkey
88
__ favors traits that increase success in competition for mates
Sexual Selection
Male Male Competition
Bateman's Principle
Runaway Selection
89
Which taxonomic scheme thinks of species as populations that are reproductively isolated?
Genetic Species Concept
Phylogenetic Species Concept
Linnaean Concept
Biological Species Concept
90
__is where an individual pays an immediate cost for not acting cooperatively
Prosocial Behavior
Reciprocal Altruism
Byproduct Mutualism
Cooperation
91
__ is when a resource is accessible to all competitors
Cooperation
Scramble Competition
Contest Competition
Extractive Foraging
92
T or F: Primates only live in warm, tropical habitats
False
True
93
__ # of encounters, including unsuccessful attacks
Vulnerabilty
Predation Risk
Death Drop
Predation Rate
94
Vertical Clingers and Leapers are most likely to live in what level of the canopy?
Emergent Layer
Understory
Canopy
95
In higher primates, the orbit forms a bony cup called the ___.
Postorbital Closure
Eye Ring
Superior Occulum
Postorbital Bar
96
_____ are how primates allocate their time
Activity Wheels
Histograms
Time Budgets
Activity Budgets
97
What is the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms?
Classification
Taxonomy
Organization
Linnaeus
98
Which is NOT an essential element in providing high levels of captive care?
Cleanliness
Health
Nutrition
Space
99
__is a mating system where both males & females mate w/ many partners & no pairbonds are formed
Promiscuous
Monogamous
Polygamy
Polygyandry
100
You would NOT find this type of primate in Africa
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Apes
Prosimians
101
What is NOT a natural primate habitat?
Grassland
Arid Desert
Secondary Forest
Primary Forest
102
Tapetum lucidum is found in what body part?
Intestine
Tail
Eyes
103
When might a solitary primate be seen with other primates?
When sleeping
During infant development
During foraging
During mating
104
When a primate is active at twilight, it is called:
Nocturnal
Diurnal
Cathemeral
Crepuscular
105
___ species are those where the young are born helpless
Altricial
Precocial
106
Eats gums, saps
Granivore
Carnivore
Gumnivore
Frugivore
107
Haplorhini does NOT include the following:
Tarsier
Lemur
Old World Monkey
New World Monkey
108
Which is NOT a type of environmental enrichment?
Physical
Social
Occupational
Play
109
Which of the following is NOT a life history variable?
Gestation Length
Age at First Reproduction
Birth Rate
Promiscuity
110
A 2-1-3-3 dental formula is for:
Old World Monkeys
Prosimians
New World Monkeys
Apes
111
Has gametes that are few, infrequent, rather costly
Males
Females
112
The killing of an infant to ensure group females cycle sooner is called __.
Infanticide
Paternity
Conception Confusion
Kin Strategy
113
T or F: Primatology = the study of biology, behavior, evolutionary history of nonhuman primates
False
True
114
Low, rounded cusps on teeth should indicate what kind of diet?
Frugivores
Folivores
Insectivores
115
__ is an exchange of cooperative and altruistic acts between individuals
Cooperation
Reciprocal Altruism
Prosocial Behavior
Byproduct Mutualism
116
Social group that has multiple males
Harem
Multi-Male Group
Monogamous
Polyandrous
117
__ is the study of cyclic and seasonal natural phenomena, especially plant and animal life
vegetation sample plot
herbology
phenology
habitat description
118
Which is NOT one of the Five Freedoms?
Freedom from thirst and hunger
Freedom to express normal behavior
Freedom from discomfort
Freedom to roam
119
Primates who devote substantial proportions of time to resting, & little time to traveling are:
Energy Minimizers
Energy Maximizers
Diurnal
Carpuscular
120
T or F: A Census is when population density is estimated
True
False
121
Some primates have the capacity to be active by day or night, they are called:
Cathemeral
Carpuscular
Diurnal
Nocturnal
122
All occurrence recording:
Continuous Recording
Instantaneous Sampling
Time Sampling
One-Zero Sampling
123
Positive social interactions are called:
Reconciliation
Affiliative
Agonistic
Submissive
124
High, pointed cusps on teeth should indicate what kind of diet?
Folivores
Frugivores
Insectivores
125
Which is LEAST likely to be a terrestrial primate?
Apes
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
126
An example of an Ape is:
Orangutan
Ring-tailed Lemur
Patas Monkey
Squirrel Monkey
127
Record behaviors that occur between 2 time intervals:
Continuous Recording
One-Zero Sampling
Instantaneous Sampling
Time Sampling
128
__ is the transfer of information from a signaler to a receiver.
Communication
Interspecific
Auditory
Lexigram
129
__ is the number of animals each habitat can support
Conservation
Climate Change
Carrying Capasity
Habitat Fragmentation
130
The main level of the forest is called the ____.
Canopy
Understory
Emergent Layer
131
Walking on 2 feet is called:
Quadrupedalism
Knuckle-walking
Bipedalism
Brachiation
132
Which is not one of the Big 5 Personality traits?
Neuroticism
Openness
Agreeableness
Shyness
133
T or F: All primates have color vision
True
False
134
__ is an outcome that despite possible costs to the individual provides some benefits to others
Reciprocal Altruism
Prosocial Behavior
Byproduct Mutualism
Cooperation
135
Operant Conditioning does NOT include
Classical Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
136
Eats meat (killed by itself)
Carnivore
Gumnivore
Granivore
Frugivore
137
Which is not a counter strategy for infanticide?
Confuse paternity
Cryptic Ovulation
Coalitions with female kin
Sperm Competition
138
Which do primates NOT have?
Stereoscopic Vision
Claws
Opposable thumbs
Increased brain size
139
The Sally Ann Test is used to test:
Cooperation
Theory of Mind
Behavioral Abstraction
ToM
140
The highest level of the forest is called the ____.
Emergent Layer
Canopy
Understory
141
Gestation Length is
size of infant at birth
how long pregnancy lasts
time between births
142
In Madagascar, you can expect to find ___.
Baboons
Chimpanzees
Lemurs
Capuchins
143
Watching and systematically recording what an animal is doing is called:
Recording Methods
Observing Behavior
Sampling Methods
Ethogram
144
If a primate has a large home range, is it more or less likely to be territorial?
Less
More
145
Record behavior at regular time intervals:
One-Zero Sampling
Instantaneous Sampling
Time Sampling
Continuous Recording
146
One who studies primates is called a ___.
Archaeologist
Primatologist
Psychiatrist
Biologist
147
Record the behavior of a specific individual for a predetermined length of time
Focal Animal Sampling
Behavior Sampling
Ad libitum
Scan Sampling
148
Which is an example of physical cognition?
Communication
Theory of Mind
Social Learning
Quantity
149
The opposite of a dominance hierarchy is a(n):
noyau society
gregarious society
mountain society
egalitarian society
