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Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020 Flashcards | StudBud
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Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020
Ultimate AP World Modern Review - Graham 2020
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1
Which way of life BEST describes the Mongols as an ethnicity?
Nomadic hunters and foragers
Agricultural city-states
Tribes of shamanistic pastoralists
Travelling merchants along the Silk Roads
2
What years represent the EARLY MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1750-1900
c.1450-1750
c.1200-1450
c.1900-Present
3
Which of the following is an example of a maritime empire being challenged by local populations in the Early Modern Era?
The Pueblo Revolt
The Sepoy Revolt
Cossack Revolts/ Pugachev Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion
4
Which social groups witnessed a significant DECLINE in their power in the Early Modern Era?
The Nobility (Aristocrats)
Scholars and Clergy
The Merchants
Absolute Monarchs
5
Aside from the first transoceanic voyages of Spain and Portugal, all of these states colonized the Americas EXCEPT:
The French
The Netherlands (Dutch)
The Germans
The English/British
6
What kinds of goods were primarily traded along the interregional exchange networks?
Manufactured Goods
Luxury Goods
Inferior Goods
Staple Goods
7
Which of the following revolutions led to the radical overthrow of an absolute monarch and a Reign of Terror?
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
The Latin American Revolutions
The French Revolution
8
Extreme devotion to one's ethnic, cultural group to create new states/patriotism is called...
Imperialism
Patriotism
Colonization
Nationalism
9
Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?
The Haitian Revolution
The French Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
10
Which of the following minorities were oppressed by the Russian Empire by restricting their settlement?
Orthodox Christians
Jews (Anti-Semitism)
Catholic Christians
Hindus
11
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?
Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires
Industrialization of the Economy
The Rise of Nationalism through Revolutions
Global Migrations Intensify
12
How did the Aztec (Mexica) Empire use the tribute system to consolidate power in Mesoamerica?
To distribute food to outlying villages
To provide gifts to local leaders to ensure loyalty
To encourage migration into the Aztec Empire
To seize captives as slaves and offer them as sacrifices
13
Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?
Building an empires from tribes of herders
Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder
Genghis khan had millions of descendents
Cavalry and siege tactics and technologies used
14
How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?
To train for and administer the civil service exams
To defend China from nomadic invaders.
To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.
To assimilate the bureaucracy into Confucian principles.
15
What is
industrialization
?
The process of using manual labor to cultivate cash-crops
The process of using coerced labor to improve public works
The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.
The process of migrating into cities
16
The centralization of production of goods organized by a highly specialized division of unskilled labor is called...
Trade Unions
The Factory System
Guild Organizations
Craft Production
17
All of the following were Enlightenment ideas EXCEPT:
Social Contract Theory
Divine Right of Kings
Protection of Natural Rights
Popular Sovereignty
18
All of the following new technologies improved maritime trade and travel from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
The Astrolabe
The Dhow and Junk
The Magnetic Compass
The Caravel, Fluyt, and Carrack
19
Political ideals from the Enlightenment were reflected in all of these documents EXCEPT:
The Communist Manifesto
The Declaration of Independence
The Jamaica Letter
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
20
Which region saw a golden age of rising economic and political influence in the Early Modern Era?
Western Europe
The Americas
East Asia
The Middle East
21
The image below is an example of what practice, used to legitimize the rule of a monarch?
Divine kingship
Mandate of Heaven
Tributary Systems
Feudal Obligations
22
The massive Buddhist temple of Borobudur on the island of Java in SE Asia is an example of...
Cultural Assimilation
Social Conversion
Technological Diffusion
Cultural Diffusion
23
As religious devotion grew, so did states using religious warfare to accomplish goals. Which is NOT a religious war?
Reconquista of Spain
The Great Schism
Jihad of Middle East and N. Africa
The Crusades
24
How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?
The Americas were integrated into European empires
Travelers moved from one side of Eurasia to another
Eurasia became linked to Sub-Saharan Africa
Migrations of peoples from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
25
Why do world historians say the Crusades was MOST significant?
It unified Christians and Muslims
It depopulated Europe's elites
It fragmented the power of the Byzantine Empire
It re-integrated Europe into larger networks of exchange
26
All of the following factors contributed to industrialization in the late 1700s EXCEPT:
A large population
Availability of a labor force
Access to raw material such as coal, timber, iron
Accumulation of capital investment
27
How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?
To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states
To spread Confucian ideals of filial piety
To provide citizenship benefits to its people.
To assimilate surrounding cultures
28
How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?
Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language
An empire was established from the wealth from trade
Epidemic diseases were introduced that weakened the region
Indian merchants introduced Buddhism and Hinduism
29
Christianity was transformed in ALL of the following ways from c.1450-1750 EXCEPT:
The faith divided during the Protestant Reformation
Syncretic religions like Voodoo and cults emerged
The Crusades united Christians against Muslims
Missionary efforts converted the majority of peoples in the Americas
30
The travels of Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta, and Margery Kempe illustrate WHAT process from c.1200-1450?
Xenophobia led to more restrictions on trade
Isolation by states prevailed
Travelers feared the influence of foreign cultures
Long-distance travel was becoming more common
31
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?
Increasing sizes of families
Migration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa
Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox
Population explosion due to new crops
32
Which land-based empire in RED on the map coerced Christian minorities to become elite soldiers known as janissaries?
The Qing/Manchu Empuire
The Ottoman Empire
The Mughal Empire
The Russian Empire
33
How did the Mongol Empire (and other states) promote interregional trade and travel?
Maintained infrastructure (roads, walls, bridges, canals)
All of the above
Protected merchants and travelers
Issued currencies and taxed/regulated trade
34
Which of the following is an example of a land-based empire being challenged by local populations?
The Fronde
Pugachev's Rebellion
King Phillip's War
Ana Nzinga's Revolt
35
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and spread c.1750 to 1900 CE?
Britain to the US and Western Europe, then Japan
Japan to the US and Western Europe
Germany to Russia and then to the US
Western Europe to Japan, then Russia
36
What years represent the MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1450-1750 CE
c.1750-1900 CE
c.600-1450 CE
c.1200-1450 CE
37
How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?
Reducing taxes to encourage more trade volumes
Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade
Sponsoring joint-stock companies
Deregulating trade to make markets free
38
What are the dates covered in this year's AP World: Modern Exam?
600 BCE to 600 CE
Beginnings to c.2000 CE
1200 CE to 1900 CE
600 CE to 2000 CE
39
Older navigational technologies were adapted to create improved ones by Europeans such as the...
The astrolabe
The caravel, carrack, and fluyt
The telescope and sextant
The magnetic compass
40
What goods were exported from WEST AFRICA along the Trans-Saharan network?
Ivory, animal skins, exotic woods
Glassware, incense, dyes, rugs
Wine, olives, wool textiles
Gold, salt, slaves
41
Portuguese state investment by Prince Henry and others in navigation led to...
The discovery of a Northwest Passage to China
Colonization of the African interior
Portuguese discovery of Australia
A global trading-post empire
42
All of the following powerful trading cities emerged along interregional trade networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
Calicut on the Indian Ocean
Timbuktu on the Trans-Saharan
New York and Havana on the Atlantic
Baghdad on the Silk Roads
43
What form of state allowed for the centralization of authority at the expense of local lords in the Early Modern Era?
Feudal states
Democratic republics
constitutional monarchies
absolute monarchies
44
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?
The first interregional empires were established.
Intensification of Interregional Exchanges
The emergence and diffusion of Islam
New forms of states were created - feudal, khanates, Islamic, etc.
45
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?
The rise of gunpowder-based land and maritime empires
The Globalization of Networks of Exhange
Increasing use of coerced systems of labor
The decline of land-based empires and monarchs
46
The casta system created a new group of elites known as _________ that used racial ideologies to cement their power.
Peninsulares
Mulattoes
Mestizos
Creoles
47
All of the following commercial practices increased the use of long-distance trade from 600-1450 CE EXCEPT:
Bills of exchange and credit
Banking Houses
Joint-stock companies
Paper money and "flying cash" (checks)
48
How did the Dar-al-Islam facilitate the diffusion of technologies and ideas?
By continual jihads and raids against neighboring regions
The Hajj and sponsorship of science and the arts - cosmopolitan blending
By establishing a secular society for scholars.
Through the development of long-distance infrastructure
49
Why did states and empires of the Post-Classical era increasingly sponsor specific religions?
To unify diverse peoples and legitimize rule
To provide protection to minorities
To provide spiritual enrichment
To reduce religious conflicts
50
Which revolution became the only successful slave revolt in world history to est. a new nation-state?
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
51
What environmental knowledge and adaptations allowed for increased volumes of trade in the Indian Ocean?
Knowledge of Typhoons
The Monsoon Wind Patterns
The Trade Winds of the Atlantic
Ocean currents in the Pacific
52
Which diasporic community could be found in the Mediterranean and along the Indian Ocean?
The Jews
The Arabs
The Chinese
The Indians and Malays
53
What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?
To improve the standard of living
To encourage cultural toleration
To display the power and permanence of the state
To house growing populations
54
What economic theory accepted by European powers from 1450-1750, led to increased restrictions on trade and rivalries?
Capitalism
Communism
Socialism
Mercantilism
55
Where were the bulk of European colonies located in the Early Modern Era?
Sub-Saharan Africa
Australia, SE Asia, and Oceania
East and South Asia
The Americas
56
All of these were Land-Based Early Modern Empires that used gunpowder and absolutism to expand EXCEPT:
The Portuguese Empire
The Ottoman Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empire
The Russian Empire
57
Which of the following Early Modern empires did NOT have a political, economic, and/or religious rivalry?
England (Britain) and France
Russia and Spain
Ottomans and Safavids
Spain and Portugal
58
All of the following technologies facilitated the growth of land-based networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
The stirrup
The Astrolabe
Caravanserai
The compass
59
Which of the following is NOT an example of a growing mystical religious movement from 1200-1450 CE?
Confucianism
Zen Buddhism
Bhakti Movement
Sufism
60
How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?
Mostly free peasant farmers
Large cash-crop plantations using slave labor
A craft and manufacturing based economy based on exports
Serfdom labor on agricultural manors
61
What is a caliphate?
The religious authority of all Muslims
The principle of Islamic holy war
The collection of Islamic law codes
An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam
62
The rapid diffusion of the Black Death in the 1300s reveals WHAT characteristic of the Post-Classical Era?
Regions were isolated and influenced very little by trade
Pathogens diffused along well-integrated networks
Secular thinking became more popular
States were too small and decentralized to respond to the pandemic
63
All of the following social reform movements were inspired by Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT:
Abolition Movement
Universal Manhood Suffrage Movement
Early Feminist Movement
Cult of Domesticity Movement
64
Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?
A massive population boom caused by new agricultural methods
Empires fell and taxes were not charged as often
The Black Death pandemic ended
New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires
65
Colonial economies depended on coerced labor systems to operate mines and cash-crop plantations including all EXCEPT:
The Encomienda/Hacienda
Indentured Servitude
The mita system
Convict Labor
66
Which of the following states incorporated a more elaborate centralization through the use of a scholar-bureaucracy?
Kingdom of France
Maya City-States
Delhi Sultanate
Song Empire
67
All of the following environmental impacts resulted from the Columbian Exchange EXCEPT:
Introduction of invasive plants and animals
Deforestation for plantation agriculture
Soil erosion from grazing livestock
Increasing biodiversity globally
68
How did families and gender roles change in response to the Atlantic Slave Trade from c. 1450-1750?
Slave families grew larger in the Americas
Patriarchy was challenged in Africa
Polygamy increased in Africa
More females were exported to the Americas
69
Which of the following is NOT an example of an advancement made in gunpowder techs. from 1450-1750?
Machine guns and rifles
Ship-mounted cannons (ie. Galleons)
Star forts
Bombard cannons
70
Which of the following describes the Atlantic System (a.k.a. Triangular Trade) accurately?
Raw Materials exported from Americas
Manufactured goods exported from Americas
Luxuries exported from Asia
Slaves exported from Europe
71
The use of fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum had all of the following impacts EXCEPT:
Created new renewable energy sources
The decline of wood, wind, and water as energy sources in mills
Brought about larger amounts of air and water pollution
Increased energy availability
72
What kinds of luxury goods were exported from the Middle East in the Post-Classical Era?
Spices, cotton textiles, ivory
Horses, leather, wool textiles
Silk, porcelain, jade, laquerware
Rugs/carpets, glassware, incense, steel weapons
73
What AP World Region is identified on this map in PURPLE?
West Africa
Noth Africa
Middle East
East Africa
74
Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?
Preservation of Greek and Roman texts
Champa rice and silk production techniques
Navigational and astronomical tools - telescope and astrolabe
Algebra and Arabic Numerals
75
Which of the following mass production methods greatly increases speed and efficiency?
Formation of LLCs
The Factory Acts
Assembly Line and Interchangeable Parts
Apprenticeships and Licensing
76
Which state grew powerful from control and development of the Trans-Saharan network?
Swahili City-States
Mali Empire
Mamluk Sultanate
Kingdom of Ethiopia
77
What does interregional mean?
Across the globe.
From one side of a region to another.
Within a single region.
From one region into another
78
The Trans-Pacific Network was the first to link multiple regions globally through the trade of WHAT mined commodity?
Gold
Diamonds
Silver
Copper
79
Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?
Expanding tax farming privileges to local nobles
Hiring of privateers to raid rival shipping routes
Song expansion of the Grand Canal
Merchant construction of caravanserai
80
All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:
To locate a direct sea route to South and Eastern Asia for luxury markets
To build prestige for an explorer and their sponsoring kingdom
To set up settler colonies to control vast territories
Desire to spread Christianity to new lands
81
What AP World Region is identified on this map in ORANGE?
South America
North America
Latin America
Mesoamerica
82
Which of the following regions experienced a decentralization of political authority after c.600 CE?
Europe
Middle East
West Africa
East Asia
83
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?
Migrations slowed across the Atlantic
Africa isolated itself from exchanges
New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations
Disease epidemics reduced populations
84
What AP World Region is identified on this map in YELLOW?
Middle East
East Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
85
What technologies diffuse in the Post-Classical Era that have the MOST significant impact on suceeding eras?
Gunpowder and Paper-making/printing
Champa rice and silk production
Steel metallurgy and the stirrup
Stone castle-building and the wind mill
86
Which expanding trade network is colored in RED on the map below?
The Silk Roads
The Mediterranean
The Trans-Saharan
The Indian Ocean Basin
87
How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?
Sent their over transoceanic voyages to the Americas
Invested in developing more advanced gunpowder techs.
Waged direct wars against European empires
Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans
88
What of the following is NOT an example of a new state form in the Post-Classical Era?
Islamic States (Caliphates and Sultanates)
Empire
Feudal States
Khanates
89
Which forms of government were established in the United States, France, Haiti, and in Latin American nation-states?
Caliphates
Communist Regimes
Khanates
Democratic Republics
90
Which diasporic community introduced Mahayana Buddhism to Southeast Asia in the Post-Classical Era?
The Indians and Malays
The Jews
The Arabs
The Chinese
91
Footbinding in Song China, Veiling in the Dar-al-Islam, and Sati in Indian states are all examples of...
Intensifying patriarchy
Emerging feminism
Social Stratification
Social hierarchy
92
Which of the following nation-states unified in the Modern Era from fragmented kingdoms and city-states?
Canada and Australia
Greece and Serbia
Germany and Italy
Mexico and Argentina
93
What was the main idea of the Enlightenment, that helped spark the Atlantic Revolutions of the Modern Era?
Human reason can solve problems
Traditions should be protected
Monarchs have divine authority to rule
The Upper Classes should be abolished
94
These organizations were created by European merchants and nobles and were often given state monopolies to export goods
Stock Markets
Joint-Stock Companies
Banking Houses
Limited Liability Corporations (LLCs)
95
How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?
African states united to repel Europeans
Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased
Europeans refused to deal with African states
Europeans quickly colonized these regions
96
The market share of which of the following regions increases the greatest due to industrialization after 1750?
China/ East Asia
Middle East
India/ South Asia
W Europe and the US
97
The biological transfer of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the...
The Columbian Exchange
The Great Dying
The Atlantic Circuit
The Triangular Trade Network
98
Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...
European conquest and colonization of the Americas
Industrialization of Spain's economy
European control of the Indian Ocean Basin
The decline of the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
99
What event/s began the Postclassical Era of world history around c. 600 CE?
The discovery of the Americas by Europeans
The rise of Christianity.
The decline of Classical Empires (Roman, Han, Gupta)
The beginning of interregional trade.
100
Which of the following faiths represented a syncretic blend of Islam and Hinduism?
Shintoism
Sufism
Sikhism
Daoism