4 Key thinkers and traditions:

Confucius, Lao Tzu, Buddha, Vedas and Upanishads

Began in Ancient Greece

Western Philosophy (6th century BCE)

REASON and LOGIC is considered the basis of knowledge and belief; man has innate knowledge that can be accessed through

THE ENLIGHTENMENT (RATIONALISM)

studbud

PHILO GROUP 1

122 termsStudBud Administration6 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards122 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 122

Answers

1
believed water was the origin of all things
THALES
.
.
.
2
rejects the idea of the creations and considers the universe as eternal and unceasing
.
JANISM (INDIA)
.
.
3
Proposed that everything isbased on higher order orplan that he called logos.
.
.
.
HERACLITUS
4
Also known in the field ofMathematics and Science.
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
5
a method used to examine the knowledge and beliefs of others by prompting them to question their own assumptions.
.
.
SOCRATIC METHOD
.
6
His teachings and writings is considered as the foundation of Western Philosophy
.
.
PLATO
.
7
This philosophy also encourages people to adapt an ethical and harmonious way of life.
.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
8
An action is MORALLY RIGHT if it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people
.
.
MODERN PERIOD (UTILITARIANISM)
.
9
Considered heat as being generated or maintained by the amount of moisture of an object.
THALES
.
.
.
10
A young associate of Anaximander and followed Thales' views of matter being created from a single element.
Anaximenes
.
.
.
11
he believe that: when things decay or are destroyed, they go back into the apeiron
.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
12
Focus on studying the causes of natural phenomena.
DEMOCRITUS
.
.
.
13
suffering, detachment, inner peace
.
Buddha (Buddhism)
.
.
14
Formulated the PythagoreanTheorem.
.
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
15
logic, biology, ethics, founded The Lyceum
.
ARISTOTLE
.
.
16
is often seen as "WISDOM" literature
.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
17
__ taught eristic (arguing to win, not to find the truth).
.
Sophists
.
.
18
"Cogito, ergo sum"
.
(I think, therefore I am)
.
.
19
Developed in India, China, and Persia
.
.
Eastern Philosophy
.
20
believes in four noble truth karma, and reincarnation
BUDDHISM
.
.
.
21
4 Key thinkers and traditions:
.
Confucius, Lao Tzu, Buddha, Vedas and Upanishads
.
.
22
What makes things "beautiful"
AESTHETIC
.
.
.
23
based on a belief in a Supreme Being or deities
.
.
.
THEISTIC
24
is the systematic study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and langu
.
PHILOSOPHY
.
.
25
Human experience is defined by the VIEWS, EMOTIONS, and ACTIONS of the individual
20TH CENTURY (EXISTENTIALISM)
.
.
.
26
His teaching influenced the development of Cynicism.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
27
"You cannot step twice into the sameriver, for fresh water are ever flowing upon you."
.
HERACLITUS
.
.
28
Known as a critic ofintellectuals during his time
.
.
.
SOCRATES
29
Philosophy originated from the Greek word philes (love) & Sophia (wisdom). Meaning __
.
.
“love for wisdom”
.
30
Correct reasoning
Logic
.
.
.
31
Knowedge is gained through the SENSES and EXPERIENCE; reliance on inductive reasonings to arrive at generalizations
.
.
.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (EMPIRICISM)
32
His work earned him many followers, and he established a community of learners who where devoted
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
33
Moral (Righ and Wrong)
Ethics
.
.
.
34
ethics and governance
.
.
Confucius (Confucianism)
.
35
Thales is known as the __
.
.
"father of Western Philosophy"
.
36
The Principal founder of Phenomenology
.
EDMUND HUSSERL
.
.
37
he believe that: all things are created and emerged from an indefinite and boundless realm called apeiron.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
.
38
on uncovering the truth through systematic argumentation and theory.
.
.
Western Philosophy
.
39
he believed that: air is the source of life
.
.
Anaximander
.
40
an animistic religion influenced by japanese myth and traditions.
.
.
.
SHINTU (JAPAN)
41
Began in Ancient Greece
Western Philosophy (6th century BCE)
.
.
.
42
Emphasis on the practical use of KNOWLEDGE and IDEAS.
.
.
20TH CENTURY (PRAGMATISM)
.
43
a book that discussed an ideal city-state governed by REASON and JUSTICE
.
.
.
REPUBLIC
44
all things are created and emerged from an indefinite and boundless realm called __.
.
.
.
APEIRON
45
ideal forms, founded The Academy
.
PLATO
.
.
46
Emphasis on morality, virtue,calm, and emotional fortitude
ANCIENT ROME (STOICISM)
.
.
.
47
Nature of knowledge and knowing
.
.
.
EPISTEMOLOGY
48
The goal of __ is to have balance and find one’s role in a society
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
.
49
REASON and LOGIC is considered the basis of knowledge and belief; man has innate knowledge that can be accessed through
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (RATIONALISM)
.
.
.
50
Belief in one God, who has a role in the ultimate destiny of man kind.
.
.
.
JUDAISM
51
God is believed to have created the universe, man communicate through meditation and his ultimate destiny is devine
.
SIKHISM
.
.
52
Socrates' student who wrote and incorporated his own ideas into his teacher's writings.
.
PLATO
.
.
53
Vocal critic of well-known philosophers like Plato and Aristotle.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
54
This led to a more scientific and theory-based approach
.
.
.
Western Philosophy
55
Rejected unnatural pleasures of the body, warning that too much indulgence leads todissatisfaction.
EPICURUS
.
.
.
56
ethics, Socratic method
.
SOCRATES
.
.
57
he never claimed to be"wise" and merely consideredhimself a "midwife" whohelped inquiring mindsachieve wisdom.
.
.
SOCRATES
.
58
focused on change and fire
.
HERACLITUS
.
.
59
Western Philosophy (___)
.
.
.
6th century BCE
60
Eastern Philosophy (as early as __)
.
.
.
2000 BCE
61
Early philosophers studied nature and the universe, asking big questions like:
"What is permanent in existence?" & "What is the universe made up of?"
.
.
.
62
Emphasis on the human person; use of philosophy to understand society, nature, and humanity
.
RENAISSANCE (HUMANISM)
.
.
63
Known for his dialectic and Theory of Forms..
PLATO
.
.
.
64
Hindu philosophical texts
.
Vedas and Upanishads
.
.
65
Emphasis on the unity and harmony among opposing elements (yin and yang)
.
TAOISM
.
.
66
Argued that matter is not composed of water or any other element.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
.
67
a philosophical school startedby Aristotle, also known as thePeripatetic school, named afterAristotle's habit of lecure
.
.
.
LYCEUM
68
Experience is studied based on the SUBJECTIVE VIEWPOINT of the individual
20TH CENTURY (PHENOMENOLOGY)
.
.
.
69
a logical process where you start with generalstatements and move towards a specific, logically certain conclusion.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
.
.
.
70
Government, Justice, and Rights
Political Philosophy
.
.
.
71
One of the first to propose that all matter is composed of indivisible, fundamental particles he called "atoms".
.
.
DEMOCRITUS
.
72
he establisheda community of learners whowhere devoted to the studyof RELIGION and PHILOSOPHY.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
.
73
Focused on the needs and pleasures of the mind.
.
.
EPICURUS
.
74
Was involved in great variety of disciplines suchas zoology, psychology, ethics, and politics
ARISTOTLE
.
.
.
75
Published his first major book, The History of Madness (1961).
MICHEL FOUCAULT
.
.
.
76
Primarily known for developing the atomic theory of the universe.
.
.
DEMOCRITUS
.
77
balance and harmony
.
Lao Tzu (Taoism)
.
.
78
After the Pre-Socratics, __ emerged
.
.
.
Sophists
79
Man will never understand the HUMAN CONDITION and the MEANING OF LIFE
.
.
.
20TH CENTURY (ABSURDISM)
80
Lived with austerity, often compared to a beggar.
.
.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
81
Advocate of a simple and VIRTUOUS life
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
82
"Father of Humanism," Wrote over 360 POEMS
.
PETRARCH
.
.
83
"Philosophy could enable a man to live a life of virtue."
.
.
.
SOCRATES
84
Thales' most prominent studentwho agreed that everythingcame from a single, basic material
ANAXIMANDER
.
.
.
85
"Father of Existentialism” & Known as a trenchant critic of Hegel and Hegelianism.
SOREN KIERKEGAARD
.
.
.
86
Dominican priest and Scriptural theologian, 13th-century philosopher and theologian.
.
.
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
.
87
a method of philosophical inquiry that uses reasoned argument, dialogue, and critical analysis to uncover truth and know
.
.
DIALECTIC
.
88
Believed philosophy helps man live a life of happiness.
EPICURUS
.
.
.
89
__ was the first to study the physical world and its changes
THALES
.
.
.
90
Considered as a leading scientistin Ancient times
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
91
Attended the Academy and became a prominent student of Plato.
.
ARISTOTLE
.
.
92
His ideas led to Epicureanism—a philosophy that valueswisdom, simple living, and alife free from fear and pain.
.
.
EPICURUS
.
93
Application of philosophy todefine and explain religious doctrines
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (SCHOLASTICISM)
.
.
.
94
They were great speakers, teaching grammar, mythology, political virtue, and rhetoric
Sophists
.
.
.
95
__ valued learning—to be wise, one has to know many things
.
.
Greeks
.
96
suggests that true reality liesbeyond our senses
THEORY OF FORMS
.
.
.
97
Discuss on the ideal HUMAN SITUATION and SOCIETY . Emphasis on individual RIGHTS and LIBERTIES
.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Social and Political Philosophy)
.
.
98
Believed that VIRTUE should be shown in action, notjust words.
.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
99
Also known as the 'laughing philosopher' for his cheerful disposition and pursuit of a happy life.
DEMOCRITUS
.
.
.
100
he believed that: air makes up all things;
.
Anaximander
.
.
101
He's known for his philosophical system of rationalism, his influential statement "Cogito, ergo sum"
RENE DESCARTES
.
.
.
102
His inquiries into Mathematics led to the earlier developments which gave rise to modern Calculus.
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
103
Believe that change is apermanent aspect of thehuman condition
HERACLITUS
.
.
.
104
Belief in pantheon gods with three main gods Brahma, shiva, And Vishnu
.
.
.
HINDUISM
105
Nature of reality and existince
.
Metaphysics
.
.
106
Formulated the concept and developed DEDUCTIVE REASONING.
.
.
.
ARISTOTLE
107
a philosophical school and is considered one of the first institutions of higher learning in the Western world.
.
.
The Academy
.
108
Founded the Academy
PLATO
.
.
.
109
Belief in one God (Allah); commitment to faith is shown through the practice of The Five Pillars!!
.
.
.
ISLAM
110
a religious and philosophical movement that emphasizes the transmigration of souls, the mystical significance of numbers
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
111
Focused on political theory and wrote the Republic.
.
.
.
PLATO
112
a Greek Mathematician was the first to call himself "Philosopo," a term in which means “a lover of wisdom”
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
113
Analysis on how KNOWLEDGE, IDEAS, and POWER relations are defined
.
20TH CENTURY (Post-modernism, Post-structuralism)
.
.
114
Known for his inventions such as the SCREW, a devise for raising water
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
115
It emphasizes reason over faith, and sees man as an individual.
Western Philosophy
.
.
.
116
he believed that: elements and substancesare merely different phasesof air;
Anaximander
.
.
.
117
Studies and observes the relation between THINGS and LAWS OF SCIENCE; knowledge is based on observable phenomena
.
.
.
MODERN PERIOD (POSITIVISM)
118
Believed that all ideas and views are based onperception and our reality is based on what we can sense and perceive.
.
.
ARISTOTLE
.
119
HUMAN RELATIONSHIP ARE BASED ON MUTUAL OBLIGATIONS; INDIVIDALS MUST PERFORM Their intended roles
.
.
CONFUCIONISM
.
120
__ was home to a great civilization during the Ancient Period
.
.
Greece
.
121
The earliest thinkers were called __
.
.
Pre-Socratics (before Socrates)
.
122
consists of schools of thought which are often closely tied to religious beliefs.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
.

PHILO GROUP 1 Flashcards | StudBud

PHILO GROUP 1

122 termsStudBud Administration6 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards122 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 122

Answers

1
believed water was the origin of all things
THALES
.
.
.
2
rejects the idea of the creations and considers the universe as eternal and unceasing
.
JANISM (INDIA)
.
.
3
Proposed that everything isbased on higher order orplan that he called logos.
.
.
.
HERACLITUS
4
Also known in the field ofMathematics and Science.
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
5
a method used to examine the knowledge and beliefs of others by prompting them to question their own assumptions.
.
.
SOCRATIC METHOD
.
6
His teachings and writings is considered as the foundation of Western Philosophy
.
.
PLATO
.
7
This philosophy also encourages people to adapt an ethical and harmonious way of life.
.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
8
An action is MORALLY RIGHT if it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people
.
.
MODERN PERIOD (UTILITARIANISM)
.
9
Considered heat as being generated or maintained by the amount of moisture of an object.
THALES
.
.
.
10
A young associate of Anaximander and followed Thales' views of matter being created from a single element.
Anaximenes
.
.
.
11
he believe that: when things decay or are destroyed, they go back into the apeiron
.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
12
Focus on studying the causes of natural phenomena.
DEMOCRITUS
.
.
.
13
suffering, detachment, inner peace
.
Buddha (Buddhism)
.
.
14
Formulated the PythagoreanTheorem.
.
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
15
logic, biology, ethics, founded The Lyceum
.
ARISTOTLE
.
.
16
is often seen as "WISDOM" literature
.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
17
__ taught eristic (arguing to win, not to find the truth).
.
Sophists
.
.
18
"Cogito, ergo sum"
.
(I think, therefore I am)
.
.
19
Developed in India, China, and Persia
.
.
Eastern Philosophy
.
20
believes in four noble truth karma, and reincarnation
BUDDHISM
.
.
.
21
4 Key thinkers and traditions:
.
Confucius, Lao Tzu, Buddha, Vedas and Upanishads
.
.
22
What makes things "beautiful"
AESTHETIC
.
.
.
23
based on a belief in a Supreme Being or deities
.
.
.
THEISTIC
24
is the systematic study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and langu
.
PHILOSOPHY
.
.
25
Human experience is defined by the VIEWS, EMOTIONS, and ACTIONS of the individual
20TH CENTURY (EXISTENTIALISM)
.
.
.
26
His teaching influenced the development of Cynicism.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
27
"You cannot step twice into the sameriver, for fresh water are ever flowing upon you."
.
HERACLITUS
.
.
28
Known as a critic ofintellectuals during his time
.
.
.
SOCRATES
29
Philosophy originated from the Greek word philes (love) & Sophia (wisdom). Meaning __
.
.
“love for wisdom”
.
30
Correct reasoning
Logic
.
.
.
31
Knowedge is gained through the SENSES and EXPERIENCE; reliance on inductive reasonings to arrive at generalizations
.
.
.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (EMPIRICISM)
32
His work earned him many followers, and he established a community of learners who where devoted
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
33
Moral (Righ and Wrong)
Ethics
.
.
.
34
ethics and governance
.
.
Confucius (Confucianism)
.
35
Thales is known as the __
.
.
"father of Western Philosophy"
.
36
The Principal founder of Phenomenology
.
EDMUND HUSSERL
.
.
37
he believe that: all things are created and emerged from an indefinite and boundless realm called apeiron.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
.
38
on uncovering the truth through systematic argumentation and theory.
.
.
Western Philosophy
.
39
he believed that: air is the source of life
.
.
Anaximander
.
40
an animistic religion influenced by japanese myth and traditions.
.
.
.
SHINTU (JAPAN)
41
Began in Ancient Greece
Western Philosophy (6th century BCE)
.
.
.
42
Emphasis on the practical use of KNOWLEDGE and IDEAS.
.
.
20TH CENTURY (PRAGMATISM)
.
43
a book that discussed an ideal city-state governed by REASON and JUSTICE
.
.
.
REPUBLIC
44
all things are created and emerged from an indefinite and boundless realm called __.
.
.
.
APEIRON
45
ideal forms, founded The Academy
.
PLATO
.
.
46
Emphasis on morality, virtue,calm, and emotional fortitude
ANCIENT ROME (STOICISM)
.
.
.
47
Nature of knowledge and knowing
.
.
.
EPISTEMOLOGY
48
The goal of __ is to have balance and find one’s role in a society
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
.
49
REASON and LOGIC is considered the basis of knowledge and belief; man has innate knowledge that can be accessed through
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (RATIONALISM)
.
.
.
50
Belief in one God, who has a role in the ultimate destiny of man kind.
.
.
.
JUDAISM
51
God is believed to have created the universe, man communicate through meditation and his ultimate destiny is devine
.
SIKHISM
.
.
52
Socrates' student who wrote and incorporated his own ideas into his teacher's writings.
.
PLATO
.
.
53
Vocal critic of well-known philosophers like Plato and Aristotle.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
54
This led to a more scientific and theory-based approach
.
.
.
Western Philosophy
55
Rejected unnatural pleasures of the body, warning that too much indulgence leads todissatisfaction.
EPICURUS
.
.
.
56
ethics, Socratic method
.
SOCRATES
.
.
57
he never claimed to be"wise" and merely consideredhimself a "midwife" whohelped inquiring mindsachieve wisdom.
.
.
SOCRATES
.
58
focused on change and fire
.
HERACLITUS
.
.
59
Western Philosophy (___)
.
.
.
6th century BCE
60
Eastern Philosophy (as early as __)
.
.
.
2000 BCE
61
Early philosophers studied nature and the universe, asking big questions like:
"What is permanent in existence?" & "What is the universe made up of?"
.
.
.
62
Emphasis on the human person; use of philosophy to understand society, nature, and humanity
.
RENAISSANCE (HUMANISM)
.
.
63
Known for his dialectic and Theory of Forms..
PLATO
.
.
.
64
Hindu philosophical texts
.
Vedas and Upanishads
.
.
65
Emphasis on the unity and harmony among opposing elements (yin and yang)
.
TAOISM
.
.
66
Argued that matter is not composed of water or any other element.
.
.
ANAXIMANDER
.
67
a philosophical school startedby Aristotle, also known as thePeripatetic school, named afterAristotle's habit of lecure
.
.
.
LYCEUM
68
Experience is studied based on the SUBJECTIVE VIEWPOINT of the individual
20TH CENTURY (PHENOMENOLOGY)
.
.
.
69
a logical process where you start with generalstatements and move towards a specific, logically certain conclusion.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
.
.
.
70
Government, Justice, and Rights
Political Philosophy
.
.
.
71
One of the first to propose that all matter is composed of indivisible, fundamental particles he called "atoms".
.
.
DEMOCRITUS
.
72
he establisheda community of learners whowhere devoted to the studyof RELIGION and PHILOSOPHY.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
.
73
Focused on the needs and pleasures of the mind.
.
.
EPICURUS
.
74
Was involved in great variety of disciplines suchas zoology, psychology, ethics, and politics
ARISTOTLE
.
.
.
75
Published his first major book, The History of Madness (1961).
MICHEL FOUCAULT
.
.
.
76
Primarily known for developing the atomic theory of the universe.
.
.
DEMOCRITUS
.
77
balance and harmony
.
Lao Tzu (Taoism)
.
.
78
After the Pre-Socratics, __ emerged
.
.
.
Sophists
79
Man will never understand the HUMAN CONDITION and the MEANING OF LIFE
.
.
.
20TH CENTURY (ABSURDISM)
80
Lived with austerity, often compared to a beggar.
.
.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
81
Advocate of a simple and VIRTUOUS life
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
.
82
"Father of Humanism," Wrote over 360 POEMS
.
PETRARCH
.
.
83
"Philosophy could enable a man to live a life of virtue."
.
.
.
SOCRATES
84
Thales' most prominent studentwho agreed that everythingcame from a single, basic material
ANAXIMANDER
.
.
.
85
"Father of Existentialism” & Known as a trenchant critic of Hegel and Hegelianism.
SOREN KIERKEGAARD
.
.
.
86
Dominican priest and Scriptural theologian, 13th-century philosopher and theologian.
.
.
ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
.
87
a method of philosophical inquiry that uses reasoned argument, dialogue, and critical analysis to uncover truth and know
.
.
DIALECTIC
.
88
Believed philosophy helps man live a life of happiness.
EPICURUS
.
.
.
89
__ was the first to study the physical world and its changes
THALES
.
.
.
90
Considered as a leading scientistin Ancient times
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
91
Attended the Academy and became a prominent student of Plato.
.
ARISTOTLE
.
.
92
His ideas led to Epicureanism—a philosophy that valueswisdom, simple living, and alife free from fear and pain.
.
.
EPICURUS
.
93
Application of philosophy todefine and explain religious doctrines
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (SCHOLASTICISM)
.
.
.
94
They were great speakers, teaching grammar, mythology, political virtue, and rhetoric
Sophists
.
.
.
95
__ valued learning—to be wise, one has to know many things
.
.
Greeks
.
96
suggests that true reality liesbeyond our senses
THEORY OF FORMS
.
.
.
97
Discuss on the ideal HUMAN SITUATION and SOCIETY . Emphasis on individual RIGHTS and LIBERTIES
.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (Social and Political Philosophy)
.
.
98
Believed that VIRTUE should be shown in action, notjust words.
.
DIOGENES OF SINOPE
.
.
99
Also known as the 'laughing philosopher' for his cheerful disposition and pursuit of a happy life.
DEMOCRITUS
.
.
.
100
he believed that: air makes up all things;
.
Anaximander
.
.
101
He's known for his philosophical system of rationalism, his influential statement "Cogito, ergo sum"
RENE DESCARTES
.
.
.
102
His inquiries into Mathematics led to the earlier developments which gave rise to modern Calculus.
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
103
Believe that change is apermanent aspect of thehuman condition
HERACLITUS
.
.
.
104
Belief in pantheon gods with three main gods Brahma, shiva, And Vishnu
.
.
.
HINDUISM
105
Nature of reality and existince
.
Metaphysics
.
.
106
Formulated the concept and developed DEDUCTIVE REASONING.
.
.
.
ARISTOTLE
107
a philosophical school and is considered one of the first institutions of higher learning in the Western world.
.
.
The Academy
.
108
Founded the Academy
PLATO
.
.
.
109
Belief in one God (Allah); commitment to faith is shown through the practice of The Five Pillars!!
.
.
.
ISLAM
110
a religious and philosophical movement that emphasizes the transmigration of souls, the mystical significance of numbers
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
111
Focused on political theory and wrote the Republic.
.
.
.
PLATO
112
a Greek Mathematician was the first to call himself "Philosopo," a term in which means “a lover of wisdom”
.
PYTHAGORAS
.
.
113
Analysis on how KNOWLEDGE, IDEAS, and POWER relations are defined
.
20TH CENTURY (Post-modernism, Post-structuralism)
.
.
114
Known for his inventions such as the SCREW, a devise for raising water
.
.
ARCHIMEDES
.
115
It emphasizes reason over faith, and sees man as an individual.
Western Philosophy
.
.
.
116
he believed that: elements and substancesare merely different phasesof air;
Anaximander
.
.
.
117
Studies and observes the relation between THINGS and LAWS OF SCIENCE; knowledge is based on observable phenomena
.
.
.
MODERN PERIOD (POSITIVISM)
118
Believed that all ideas and views are based onperception and our reality is based on what we can sense and perceive.
.
.
ARISTOTLE
.
119
HUMAN RELATIONSHIP ARE BASED ON MUTUAL OBLIGATIONS; INDIVIDALS MUST PERFORM Their intended roles
.
.
CONFUCIONISM
.
120
__ was home to a great civilization during the Ancient Period
.
.
Greece
.
121
The earliest thinkers were called __
.
.
Pre-Socratics (before Socrates)
.
122
consists of schools of thought which are often closely tied to religious beliefs.
.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
.
.