The Enlightenment and Revolutions, 1550-1800

Question 1

created a British tax on newspapers and other printed materials

Accepted Answer

Stamp Act

Question 2

believed that the universe was heliocentric

Accepted Answer

Nicolas Copernicus

Question 3

America’s first constitution

Accepted Answer

Articles of Confederation

Question 4

was a mathematician who showed that the orbits of the planets were elliptical.

Accepted Answer

Kepler

Question 5

father of modern rationalism

Accepted Answer

Rene Descartes

Question 6

The scientific method grew out of the belief that the world is best understood through

Accepted Answer

direct observation.

Question 7

argued that people are born with a blank mind

Accepted Answer

John Locke

Question 8

first European to explore the universe with a telescope

Accepted Answer

Galileo Galilei

Question 9

According to Rousseau, the general will represents what is best for the

Accepted Answer

entire community

Question 10

Voltaire championed the religious philosophy of deism, which was based on

Accepted Answer

reason and natural law.

Question 11

Why did Descartes decide to set aside everything he had learned and begin again?

Accepted Answer

He doubted everything he had learned.

Question 12

style that emphasized grace and charm

Accepted Answer

rococo

Question 13

Frederick II of Prussia did not improve life for

Accepted Answer

serfs

Question 14

Why did France, Spain, help the American colonists win theirindependence from Great Britain?

Accepted Answer

wanted revenge against the British Empire for defeats

Question 15

battling for control of Silesia, what nations set the stage for the Seven Years’ War in Europe?

Accepted Answer

Austria and Prussia

Question 16

Because scholarship was considered the exclusive domain of men, female scientists often had to

Accepted Answer

publish their work anonymously.

Question 17

Frederick II , Joseph II , and Catherine II were enlightened absolutists whose goal was to

Accepted Answer

safeguard the welfare of the state

Question 18

Which of the following was a result of the Treaty of Paris that ended the Seven Years’ War?

Accepted Answer

France was forced to withdraw from India.

Question 19

ten amendments to the U.S Constitution that guarantee certain freedoms

Accepted Answer

Bill of Rights

Question 20

Which founding document reflects the American colonists’ fear of a strong central government?

Accepted Answer

Articles of Confederation

Question 21

explains why planetary bodies stay in orbit around the sun

Accepted Answer

universal law of gravitation

Question 22

Education spread widely during the Enlightenment because

Accepted Answer

reading material was aimed at the masses.

Question 23

idea that the state should not interfere with the economy

Accepted Answer

laissez-faire

Question 24

Which idea of Montesquieu has been incorporated into the U.S. Constitution?

Accepted Answer

separation of powers

Question 25

Which of the following made it possible for scientists to practice direct observation?

Accepted Answer

the telescope and microscope

Question 26

According to Rousseau’s concept of the social contract,

Accepted Answer

a society agrees to be governed by its general will.

Question 27

Francis Bacon believed that scientists should

Accepted Answer

use reasoning.

The Enlightenment and Revolutions, 1550-1800

Questions 27

The Enlightenment and Revolutions, 1550-1800

Questions 27