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Pharmacodynamic Principles
Pharmacodynamic Principles
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SGU SVM Term 2, Pharm 1 Pharmacodynamics principles lecture with Dr. Kumar 2022
Flashcards
57 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
57
Answers
1
The structure-activity relationship explains that modifying drug structure can alter the pharmacological properties.
True
False
2
Maximum efficacy remains
unchanged
in the presence of a competitive antagonist.
False
True
3
Decrease in total receptor number in cell, due to endocytosis & subsequent degredation of the receptors
Receptor Down Regulation
Receptor Upregulation
4
The theory that the effect of a drug is proportional to the number of receptors occupied by that drug.
Maximal Response Theory
Binding Theory
Residency Theory
Occupancy Theory
5
Agonist potency decreases in the presence of a competitive antagonist.
True
False
6
This graph depicts...
Graded dose-response relationship
Quantal dose-response relationship
7
A drug that possesses affinity and intrinsic efficacy
Antagonist
Agonist
8
____ describes a drug effect as binary, meaning it is either present or absent.
Quantal dose-response relationship
Graded dose-response relationship
9
Which type of antagonism is represented by this graph?
Competitive Antagonism
Non-Competitive Antagonism
10
This graph is another example of _____ antagonism.
Competitive
Non-competitive
11
____ describes a drug effect which increases in proportion to increasing a drug dose.
Quantal dose-response relationship
Graded dose-response relationship
12
Possess affinity for receptor, but lacks intrinsic efficacy
Antagonist
Partial Agonist
Full Agonist
Inverse Agonist
13
Another graph. What is depicted by red (#1)?
Full Agonist
Antagonist
Inverse Agonist
Partial Agonist
14
Morphine acts as a ____ with mu receptors.
Full Agonist
Partial Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Antagonist
15
Caused by long-term exposure to agonists
Receptor Down Regulation
Receptor Upregulation
16
What does the red line (#1) represent?
Effect of agonist without competition
Effect of agonist in the presence of competitive antagonist
17
What does the blue line (#2) represent?
Agonist effect in presence of non-competitive antagonist
Agonist effect without competition
18
In the presence of a non-competitive antagonist, the maximum efficacy of the agonist is reduced.
False
True
19
Long-term, repeated, or chronic exposure to antagonists can result in...
Receptor Down Regulation
Receptor super-sensivity
Receptor desensitization
Receptor Upregulation
20
Select all that are true about graph A (on the left).
Agonist Emax remains unchanged in presence of competitive antagonist
Agonist potency decreases in presence of competitive antagonist
Agonist Emax decreases in presence of competitive antagonist
Agonist potency increases in presence of competitive antagonist
21
Occurs becasue of long-term administration of an antagonist
Receptor Upregulation
Receptor Down Regulation
22
(Select all that are true) Butorphanol acts as...
Antagonist on kappa receptors
Antagonist on mu receptors
Agonist on kappa receptors
Agonist on mu receptors
23
This equation is used to calculate...
Dose Differential
Standard Safety Margin
Graded Dose
Efficacy
24
You would see a __ dose-response in an individual, and a __ dose-response in a population.
Graded dose-response in individual
Graded dose-response in population
Quantal dose-response in population
Quantal dose-response in individual
25
If the dose difference between ED and LD is low, the drug has a low safety margin.
False
True
26
A drug that acts on the same receptor as that of an agonist, but produces an opposite pharmacological effect of agonist
Antagonist
Primary Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Allosteric Agonist
27
A drug that binds to and activates a receptor, but produces submaximal effects
Full Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Antagonist
Partial Agonist
28
Dose-response relationships may be graded or quantal.
True
False
29
Which type of antagonism is reversible?
Competitive
Non-competitive
30
A few drugs can act as agonists on one receptor, and as an antagonist on another receptor.
True
False
31
Binds to receptors but acts against/blocks/prevents action of the natural agonist
Full Agonist
Partial Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Antagonist
32
Select all that are true about graph B (on the right).
Competitive Antagonism
Irriversible
Non-competitive Antagonism
Reversible
33
Select all that are true about graph A (on the left).
Irriversible
Non-competitive Antagonism
Reversible
Competitive Antagonism
34
This graph depicts...
Quantal dose-response relationship
Graded dose-response relationship
35
Increase in the number of receptors on the surface of target cells, making the cells more sensitive
Receptor Upregulation
Receptor Down Regulation
36
Another graph. What is depicted by green (#3)?
Inverse Agonist
Partial Agonist
Full Agonist
Antagonist
37
A drug that binds to a different region of the receptor (not the same binding site as the endogenous receptor)
Antagonist
Allosteric Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Primary Agonist
38
Which plots the rate of an outcome occurance in a population against the drug dose?
Graded dose-response relationship graph
Quantal dose-response relationship graph
39
A drug that binds to the same site as the endogenous ligand.
Primary Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Allosteric Agonist
Antagonist
40
What does the blue line (#2) represent?
Effect of agonist without competition
Effect of agonist in the presence of competitive antagonist
41
A drug that binds to and activates a receptor, producing maximal efficacy
Full Agonist
Antagonist
Partial Agonist
Inverse Agonist
42
What type of antagonism is represented by this graph?
Competitive
Non-competitive
43
According to Occupancy Theory, maximal response of a drug occurs when all the recpetors are occupied at equilibrium.
False
True
44
Select the correct pairs.
Competitive Antagonism - Reversible
Non-Competitive Antagonism - Reversible
Competitive Antagonism = Irriversible
Non-competitive Antagonism = Irriversible
45
Another graph. What is depicted by purple (#4)?
Antagonist
Full Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Partial Agonist
46
Long-term, repeated, or chronic exposure to agonists can result in...
Receptor desensitization
Receptor super-sensivity
Receptor Down Regulation
Receptor Upregulation
47
Another graph. What is depicted by orange (#2)?
Full Agonist
Antagonist
Inverse Agonist
Partial Agonist
48
What are the types of antagonism (select all)
Competitive Antagonism
Non-competitive Antagonism
Non-specific Antagonism
Specific Antagonism
49
A safer drug will have a lower safety margin.
True
False
50
Buprenorphine acts as a _____.
Antagonist
Partial Agonist
Inverse Agonist
Full Agonist
51
What is ED
99
Dose lethal in 99% of population
dose effective in 99% of population
52
Select all that are true regarding non-competitive antagonism.
Reversible
Irriversible
Antagonist bound covalently
53
What drug-receptor interaction model states receptors are either in a resting state or active state?
Activity State Model
Two-State Model
Dose-Response Model
54
What does the red line (#1) represent?
Agonist effect without competition
Agonist effect in presence of non-competitive antagonist
55
A drug that binds to and activates a receptor
Antagonist
Agonist
56
Graded doses of a drug given to an individual usually result in a greater magnitude of response as dose increases.
True
False
57
The application of receptor models to explain drug behavior
Drug Receptor Theory
Receptor Behavior Theory
Drug Behavior Theory
Drug Binding Theory
