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AP Psych Fall Semester Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psych Fall Semester Exam Review
AP Psych Fall Semester Exam Review
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Units 1-5 AP Psychology
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
100
Answers
1
All of the following could describe Freud's point of view except:
Importance of early childhood experiences
We repress threatening urges and desires
behavioral traits aid in survival
Unconscious mind
2
The part of the eye responsible for seeing black, white, gray is....
the rods
the cones
3
Cues that give the illusion of depth to painting and drawings are called....
binocular cues
convergence
monocular cues
accommodation
4
A specific step-by-step procedure for solving certain types of problems is called....
an availability heuristic
an algorithm
a mechanical solution
a mental shortcut
5
Ivan Pavolv is probably best known for...
disagreeing with behaviorism as a school of thought
implementing Gestalt Psychology into the mainstream
the salivating dog experiment
developing the use of psychoanalysis
6
This school of thought focused on the study of the structure of the mind.
functionalism
structuralism
objective introspection
psychoanalysis
7
Harvard was the first school in America to offer psychology classes and they were taught by...
William James
Edward Titchner
Gustav Fechner
Wilhelm Wundt
8
The hippocampus...
relays info. between cerebellum and cortex
relays info from the sensory organs to the cerebral cortex
regulates fear, thirst
plays a role in learning, memory
9
If you experience greatly increased amounts of REM sleep after losing it the night before you..
are in N3 sleep
are experiencing REM rebound
are suffering from sleep paralysis
are experiencing increases in sleep spindles
10
The reticular formation...
controls complex thought processes
connects left and right hemispheres
controls balance and maintain muscle coordination
controls arousal and attention
11
Which of the following is an example of implicit memory?
knowing your best friends name
knowing how to ride a bicycle
thinking back on the first day of school
multiplying 2 times 4
12
The lens of the eye....
controls the size of the pupil
sends visual information to the brain
changes shape to bring objects into focus
contains photoreceptor cells
13
The "fight or flight" response originates in the...
Spinal cord
Parasympathetic division
Sympathetic division
Brain
14
The amygdala....
plays a role in learning, memory
relays information from sensory organs to cerebral cortex
regulates the amount of fear, thirst we feel
influences motivation, emotional control, fear response
15
A substance that enhances or increases the effect of neurotransmitters is called....
Agonist
Antagonist
16
____________ of participants to one or the other conditions controls over extraneous variables
experimental group
control group
specific assignment
random assignment
17
Endocrine glands secrete ______________ into the bloodstream.
AcH
Dopamine
neurotransmitters
hormones
18
A heuristic is...
something that participates with problem solving
often referred to as a mental shortcut
similar to a concept
also known as a mechanical solution
19
A correlation can best be described as....
a measure of the relationship between 2 variables
a cause and effect relationship between 2 variables
20
after brain trauma, loss of memory from the point of injury forward is...
retrograde amnesia
anterograde amnesia
21
The result of the manipulation in an experiment is known as the....
independent variable
experimenter effect
correlation coefficient
dependent variable
22
The medulla...
controls heartbeat, swallowing, breathing
controls complex thought processes
controls arousal and attention
connects right and left hemisphere
23
These send and receive messages in the nervous system.
glial cell
agonist
neuron
schwann cell
24
All of the following are true of taste/gustation except:
called a chemical sense-food molecules dissolve in saliva
possible largely through the role of taste buds
has five basic tastes/receptor sites
it bypasses the thalamus when sending info to the brain
25
Remembering the information at the beginning of a list and the end of the list is known as...
retrieval failure
serial position effect
state dependent learning
recognition
26
Nondeclarative memory...
memory for things we know how to do
memory about all the things we know
27
When information is not attended to and fails to be encoded....
encoding failure
proactive interference
retroactive interference
decay
28
The system of rules for combining words and phrases to make meaningful sentences is called...
pragmatics
syntax
phonics
grammar
29
The cornea...
sends visual information to the brain
the jelly-like liquid that nourishes the eye
bends light waves so the image can be focused on the retina
contains photoreceptor cells
30
The perspective includes operant and classical conditioning, behavioral reinforcement
Socio-cultural perspective
Behavioral perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
Cognitive perspective
31
These provide support and nourishment to neurons.
glial cells
Antagonists
somas
neurotransmitters
32
This wanted to focus on observable behavior and ignore the "consciousness" issue
Psychoanalysis
Behaviorism
Structuralism
Functionalism
33
This perspective combines social psychology and cultural psychology.
Sociocultural
Behavioral
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
34
The awareness of everything that is going on around you & inside your head at any given moment
Personality theory
Consciousness
Waking Consciousness
Altered State of Consciousness
35
Which theory of intelligence is comprised of analytical, creative, and practical aspects?
Spearman's G factor
Sternberg's triarchic theory
Gardners Multiple Intelligences
Wechsler tests
36
The sleep-wake cycle is called the...
adaptive theory
restorative theory
endocrine system
circadian rhythm
37
Our accumulated knowledge over time is called...
fluid intelligence
crystallized intelligence
38
A substance that blocks or reducers the effect of a neurotransmitter is called....
Agonist
Antagonist
39
For people who suffer from sleep apnea-they can fall asleep but can't stay asleep
True
False
40
William James focused on how the mind allows people to function in the real world, this is...
psychoanalysis
functionalism
structuralism
objective instrospection
41
Dreams occur in which of the following stages of sleep?
N1
REM
N3
N2
42
She was the first woman to ever receive a PhD in psychology
Margaret F. Washburn
Dorothea Dix
Mary Whiton Calkins
Karen Horney
43
He is often referred to as the father of psychology
William James
Sigmund Freud
Edward Titchner
Wilhelm Wundt
44
The visual cliff experiment proved that...
depth perception can exist as young as 6 months old
visual acuity is perfect at birth
Children show little/no fear crossing the experiment table
depth perception does not occur until at least 5 years old
45
In this perspective, the focus is unconscious mind and its influence over conscious behavior
Behavioral perspective
Cognitive perspective
Humanistic perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
46
What are two signs of physical dependence?
psychological cravings and withdrawl
withdrawl and nausea
drug tolerance and withdrawl
drug tolerance and psychological cravings
47
The latent content of a dream is...
that the meaning of the dream is symbolic
the actual dream itself
48
Short-Term Memory...
can only hold about 1-3 pieces of information at a time
lasts about 12-30 seconds without rehearsal
is the same as sensory memory
is not the same thing as working memory
49
The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect 50% of the time its present is called-
transduction
just noticeable difference
absolute threshold
Weber's law
50
According to Spearman, what would a traditional IQ test most likely measure?
emotional intelligence
spatial intelligence
general intelligence
practical intelligence
51
An aha moment, when a solution seems to appear in a flash.
heuristic
trial and error
mental imagery
insight
52
In this process, receptor cells become less responsive to an unchanging stimulus
sensory adaptation
habituation
Weber's law
transduction
53
In the placebo effect....
participants are taken out of the study
the experimenter knows who is assigned to which group
expectations of participants can influence behavior
researchers do not measure the IV or the DV
54
This perspective focuses on memory, intelligence, perception and thought processes.
Sociocultural
Behavioral
Humanistic
Cognitive
55
He created the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879.
Wilhelm Wundt
Gustav Fechner
William James
Sigmund Freud
56
This is a M.D. specializing in diagnosis and treatment of disorders, can prescribe medication.
Freud
psychologist
psychiatric social worker
psychiatrist
57
The group that is exposed to the IV in an experiment is the...
random assignment group
experimental group
Hawthorne effect group
control group
58
The kind of memory responsible for skills, habits, and learned responses...
semantic memory
nondeclarative memory
declarative memory
episodic memory
59
A prototype...
is not a part of the cognitive process
only contain important features of objects
closely matches the defining characteristics of the concept
is like a heuristic
60
The chemical messengers of the brain are....
synapses
potassium ions
sodium ions
neurotransmitters
61
When we think about objects only in terms of their typical uses we have
mental set
framing
functional fixedness
confirmation bias
62
This is considered to be the master gland and is located in the brain
hypothalamus
pituitary gland
amygdala
adrenal gland
63
The structure of the ear that directly delivers the auditory neural messages are
hammer, anvil, stirrup
auditory nerve
cochlea
auditory canal
64
All of the following are true of case studies except
results can easily be applied to a larger population
provides lots of details about an individual or small group
results can't be applied to a larger population
observer bias can be an issue
65
The retina...
sends visual information to the brain
contains photoreceptor cells
controls the size of the pupil
changes shape to bring objects into focus
66
Typically during REM sleep....
you don't spend much time in it throughout the night
your voluntary muscles are paralyzed
your sleep waves are slow and long
you have night terrors
67
The smallest unit of meaning within a language are called...
syntax
morphemes
grammar
phonemes
68
The pupil...
where the optic nerve leaves the eye
central area of the retina
is an opening that changes size depending on light
is filled with the clear liquid that nourishes the eye
69
In split-brain patients, what part of the brain has been severed?
corpus callosum
cerebrum
frontal lobe
brain stem
70
Sleepwalking and sleep-talking occur in NREM3 sleep
false
true
71
In retroactive interference...
when newer info interferes with the retrieval of older info
older information interferes with learning new information
72
The ___________________ is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
nerve fabric
peripheral nervous system
afferent and efferent system
central nervous system
73
All of the following describe naturalistic observation except:
observer effect can be an issue
it's easy to get subjects to repeat behaviors
allows researchers to get a realistic picture of behavior
observer bias can be an issue
74
Hormones, heredity, brain chemicals, and diseases help make up this perspective.
Psychodynamic
Sociocultural
Cognitive
Biological
75
In Gardner's view, astronauts, navigators, & artists would have high levels of....
intrapersonal intelligence
naturalist intelligence
visual/spatial intelligence
interpersonal intelligence
76
People who suffer from narcolepsy can suddenly slip into REM sleep during the day
False
True
77
The thin membrane stretched over the opening to the inner ear is called...
oval window
cochlea
pinna
stirrup
78
"Rest-and-Digest" applies to which of the following...
Parasympathetic division
Central nervous system
Brain
Autonomic division
79
Which heuristic can be used to create and maintain stereotypes?
representative
means-end analysis
insight
availability
80
This stressed the importance of early life experiences and the role of the unconscious...
Structuralism
Gestalt
Behaviorism
Psychoanalysis
81
She was denied a PhD from Harvard but was the first female President of the APA.
Mary Whiton Calkins
Dorothea Dix
Karen Horney
Margaret F. Washburn
82
All of the following are considered descriptive statistics except:
negatively skewed statistics
measures of variability
frequency distribution
measures of central tendancy
83
Long-term Memory...
can only hold about 5-9 bits of info at a time
is where information is stored relatively permanently
initially receives all the information from the senses
is often referred to as working memory
84
All of the following are structures of the neuron except:
Axon
synaptic gap
dendrite
myelin sheath
85
"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" best describes which school of thought?
functionalism
behaviorism
gestalt
structuralism
86
Stimulants...
produce euphoria
increase functions of the nervous system
are considered hallucinogens
have a sedative effect
87
The part of the eye responsible for seeing color is...
the rods
the cones
88
The brain takes all the sensations a person experiences at any given moment and interprets them
shape constancy
sensory theory
olfaction
perception
89
When the lower centers of the brain filter out sensory info from stimuli that don't change...
habituation
Weber's law
sensory adaptation
just noticeable difference
90
When the lens changes from thick to thin to bring objects into focus, this is called...
visible spectrum
vitreous humor
transduction
visual accommodation
91
The ability to smell odors is called...
somesthetic senses
vestibular senses
gustation
Olfaction
92
Phonemes are...
basic units of sound in a language
system of rules governing structure and use of language
smallest units of meaning within a language
rules for combining words and phrases
93
The smallest difference between 2 stimuli that is detectable 50% of the time is...
just noticeable difference
transduction
absolute threshold
habituation
94
John Watson is best know for his experiment....
involving "Little Albert"
involving Mary Cover Jones
involving "Little Peter"
proving the usefulness of psychoanalysis
95
The three processes of memory are...
encoding, filing, retrieval
encoding, retrieval, storage
retrieval, sensory memory, encoding
sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
96
The hemisphere of the brain that specializes in language, speech, handwriting, and math is...
Left hemisphere
Right hemisphere
97
Our ability to problem solve, reason abstractly, and pick up new skills it diminishes over time
crystallized intelligence
fluid intelligence
98
This medical professional works with humans/animals, must be licensed, does not prescribe meds
MSW
psychiatric social worker
psychiatrist
psychologist
99
Assuming that the correct solution is available,which strategy always end in a correct solution
insight
algorithm
trial-and-error solution
heuristic
100
Confirmation bias is...
the tendency to search for evidence that fits one's beliefs
persistent use of the same problem solving methods
thinking about objects only in terms of typical uses
how a question or problem is worded affects the answer
