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GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW Flashcards | StudBud
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GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
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1
The three types of rocks, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, are classified by __________.
the color of the rocks
how the rocks formed
where the rocks formed
when the rocks formed
2
What geological process is happening at Location B?
Convergent plate motion
Subduction
Mountains forming
Ocean forming
3
What factors should be considered for storing nuclear waste?
store deep into the mantle so that no factors need to be considered
large bodies of water, volcanoes, & aquifers
recent wildfires & landscaping
human population, earthquake prone areas, & landslide prone areas
4
Which magnitude & location of earthquakes likely causes a tsunami? 8.9 in ocean, 3.6 at coastline, 8.5 mid-continental
tsunami not likely to happen
8.5 mid-continental
8.9 in ocean
3.6 at coastline
5
The lithospheric plates keep moving and are still slowly moving today
True
False
The lithospheric plates do not move
They move too slow to tell
6
Transform plate boundaries slide past each other
They move to fast to tell
No, they move towards each other
True
False
7
The following are true about Magma and Lava
Magma is UNDER Earth's surface
Magma and lava are hot liquid rock
all of these are correct
Lava is ON Earth's surface
8
Aquifers are found __________.
everywhere that water falls on the ground
everywhere that water flows on the surface of the Earth
only in places with rivers and streams
where water can flow and collect in rock layers under Earth’s surface
9
The original idea that continents, once joined together to form a large landmass, have moved over time is the idea of...
Plate Motion
Convection
Continental Drift
Subduction
10
The natural hazard that happens when rock, soil, & earth materials move down a slope is called:
landslide
earthquake
aquitard
volcanic eruption
11
Earthquakes happen more frequently __________.
along plate boundaries
in the middle of lithospheric plates
along the "Ring of Fire"
in the middle of tectonic plates
12
The idea of continental drift and the theory of plate tectonics have the following in common:
both show land was once connected as one land mass called Pangea
both rely on fossils and rocks
both occur over long geological time periods
both were proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1915
13
What are ALL the layers of the Earth in order?
Lithosphere, Crust, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
Crust, Asthenosphere, Outer Core, Mantle, Inner Core
Crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
Lithosphere, Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
14
Plate tectonics refers to the theory that __________.
the continents float on the oceans like plates
each of the continents on Earth is called a plate
Earth’s surface is made up of lithospheric plates that have moved over time
Earth’s surface is made of lithospheric plates that cannot move
15
Plate Tectonics is the idea that __________.
the continents and ocean floor are solid because they are hardened magma
landmasses once joined together forming 1 large landmass & moved over time
convection in the mantle and gravity slowly move plate around
ocean waves push the continents over the surface of the earth
16
Which of the following statements provides evidence for the theory of plate tectonics?
The exact same rock layers are found in different continents.
DIFFERENT kinds of fossils may be found in South America and Africa.
Fossilized land animals CAN swim across oceans.
GPS measurements show that Earth’s plates are moving 1 cm per year.
17
Two lithospheric plates move towards each other at __________.
a divergent plate boundary
a mid-ocean ridge
a transform plate boundary
a convergent plate boundary
18
Mt. Pinatubo erupted forming a cloud covering a large part of Earth with aerosol particles. To determine effect:
investigate aerosol particles changing solar energy reaching Earth
investigate how the temperature of gases ejected compare to other eruptions
investigate temperature of lava that flowed onto the Earth
investigate amount of rain that fell in the days after eruption
19
Two lithospheric plates move away from each other at __________.
a mid ocean ridge
a transform plate boundary
a divergent plate boundary
a convergent plate boundary
20
In order for sediments to become sedimentary rock, which answer below best describes the process they must go through?
Sediments are pressed and glued together over geological time.
Sediments cool and harden to become sedimentary rocks.
Sediments deep underground go through extreme heat & pressure.
Lava erupting from a volcano glues sediments together.
21
The rock cycle is different from the in-class Starburst's model, because in the actual rock cycle
pressure is involved in some processes
thermal energy (HEAT) is needed for some processes
processes take a much longer time
there are both liquid and solid materials
22
This picture is showing...
the line of fire
the ring of fire
a few volcanoes
a few earthquakes
23
Which of the following is most likely to occur at a plate boundary?
valleys and trenches
earthquakes and volcanoes
oceans and rivers
aquifers and groundwater
24
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Old lithosphere is destroyed and new lithosphere is formed over time.
New lithosphere is always forming on the top of large mountains.
Earth’s lithosphere moves around but is never destroyed.
Old lithosphere falls into the oceans and is destroyed over time.
25
What evidence do scientists use to understand the changes of landmasses over time?
shapes of continents
mountain ranges that line up with similar rock layers
scratches left by glaciers in currently warm parts of the world
the same fossils found on different continents
26
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Geological processes form rock.
Rock can break down into sediments.
Rock can change from sedimentary to metamorphic.
Igneous rock forms when magma cools
27
How far into the Earth can one go and why?
Crust because the the pressure is too high
Crust because it is too hot
Asthenosphere because it is not too hot
Lithosphere because it is not too hot
28
Which of the following will most likely increase the risk of a landslide?
volcanoes in the area
an earthquake
large amounts of rainfall
recent wildfires followed by rain
29
Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?
the inner core
the outer core
the lithosphere
the mantle
