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Chapter 4 bontrager review Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 4 bontrager review
Chapter 4 bontrager review
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1
Patient enters ED with a possible scaphoid Fx. The patient is unable to assume the ulnar deviation position. Projection?
Gaynor-Hart
Modified Stecher
Coyle
Jones
2
Which of the following bony structures is found on the distal aspect of the ulna?
All of the above
Head
Olecranon process
Coronoid process
3
What are the names of the two small depressions found on the anterior aspect of the distal humerus?
Radial and coronoid fossa
Trochlea and capitulum
Olecranon and coronoid fossa
Olecranon and radial fossa
4
Which routine projection of the elbow best demonstrates the olecranon process in profile?
Lateral
Medial rotation oblique
AP
Lateral rotation oblique
5
patient enters ED with a possible dislocation of the elbow. The patient has the elbow flexed more than 90°. Projection?
Jones method and limited lateral projection
Lateral elbow only
Partially flexed AP and limited lateral projections
Coyle method and limited lateral projection
6
Which of the following structures is considered to be most proximal?
Radial styloid process
Radial tuberosity
Head of ulna
Olecranon process
7
Which two structures primarily form the hinge-like structure and movement of the elbow joint?
Coronoid fossa and trochlea
Trochlea and olecranon process
Coronoid process and coronoid fossa
Capitulum and trochlea
8
From a pronated position, which of the following is required for PA oblique projection of the fourth digit of the hand?
45 medial rot.
30-35 lateral rot.
45 Lateral rot.
30-35 medial rot.
9
A ginglymus joint can also be referred to as a _____ joint.
Pivot
Trochoid
Hinge
Saddle
10
Where is the central ray (CR) placed for a PA projection of the third digit?
At the head of the 3rd metacarpal
At the MCP joint
At Proximal IP joint
At distal IP joint
11
What is the name of the joint found between the proximal and distal phalanges of the first digit?
interphalangeal
Proximal interphalangeal
metacarpophalangeal
Distal interphalangeal
12
PA projection hand reveals that the distal radius, ulna, carpals were cut off. What should the tech fix?
Repeat PA projection to have all carpals and ~ 1 IN of distal radius/ ulna
Make sure carpals, distal radius, ulna are included on lateral projection
Accept radiograph. Carpals, distal radius, ulna aren't part of a hand study
injury to patient didn't involve carpal region/distal forearm, don't repeat
13
PA oblique hand reveals that the midshaft of the 4th and 5th metacarpals is superimposed. What positiong error occured?
Incorrect CR angulation
Fingers of the hand are not parallel to IR
Excessive rotation of the hand and/or wrist laterally
Insufficient rotation of the hand and/or wrist laterally
14
Which projection best demonstrates pathology involving the first carpometacarpal joint and trapezium?
Ap axial (Modified Robert's method)
PA scaphoid, ulnar deviation wrist projection
PA oblique thumb
Norgaard method
15
A general positioning rule is to place the long axis of the part ____ to the long axis of the image receptor.
Paralell
Adjacent
Perpendicular
Axial
16
A nonvisible posterior fat pad on a well-exposed, correctly positioned lateral elbow radiograph generally suggests:
Injury to the synovial joint
Fx of one of the bones of the elbow
Negative study for injury
A congenital defect
17
What two bony landmarks are palpated for positioning of the AP elbow?
humeral epicondyles
humeral condyles
ulnar and radial heads
Trochlea and capitulum
18
With the radial head-lateromedial projections, what is the only difference between the four projections?
The position of hand/wrist
The amount of flexion of the elbow
The CR angulation
The SID used for each projection
19
Tangential, inferosuperior projection of carpal canal reveals that the hamular process is superimposed over the pisiform
Rotate the wrist and hand 10° internally
Increase the extension of the hand and/or wrist
Increase the CR angle
Decrease the CR angle
20
Which basic projection of the elbow best demonstrates the trochlear notch in profile?
AP
Lateral rotation oblique
Lateral
Medial Rotation oblique
21
Which one of the following is the most common primary cancerous bone tumor?
Multiple myeloma
Osteosarcoma
Osteochrondroma
Osteocarcinoma
22
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
Hamate
Lunate
Trapezium
23
Which of the following best demonstrates the radial head using the trauma lateral Coyle method routine?
Elbow flexed 80°, CR angled 45° away from shoulder
Elbow flexed 90°, CR perpendicular to image receptor
Elbow flexed 90°, CR angled 45° toward shoulder
Elbow flexed 90°, CR angled 30° toward shoulder
24
Which of the carpal bones is considered to be the largest?
Capitate
Hamate
Triquetrum
Trapezium
25
CR angle required for the hand in the tangential, inferosuperior projection to demonstrate the carpal sulcus?
10° to 15°
35° to 45°
5° to 10°
25° to 30°
26
PA scaphoid reveals extensive superimposition of the scaphoid and adjacent carpals. What can cause this?
Elevation of the hand and wrist
Insufficient ulnar deviation
Insufficient CR angle distal
Slight flexion of the phalanges
27
The radiocarpal (wrist) joint possesses a(n) ____ type of joint movement.
Pivot
Plane
Ginglymus
Ellipsoidal
28
Which carpal articulates with both the 4th and 5th metacarpals?
Hamate
Capitate
Triquetrum
Trapizoid
29
An ellipsoidal joint allows movement in ____ directions.
All
Four
Six
Two
30
How should the humeral epicondyles be aligned for a lateral projection of the elbow?
45 degrees to IR
Perpendicular to IR
30 degrees to IR
Paralell to IR
31
2 fat stripes of the wrist demonstrated radiographically are known as the scaphoid fat stripe and the _____ fat stripe.
Anterior
Pronator
Pisiform
Abductor
32
AP projection elbow reveals that there's complete separation of proximal radius and ulna. What positioning error occured
Excessive medial rotation
Partial flexion of the joint
Excessive lateral rotation
Incorrect CR location and angle
33
Which two structures form the distal radioulnar joint?
radial tuberosity and ulnar notch
Coronoid tubercle and radial notch
Radial notch and radial head
ulnar notch and head of ulna
34
Which of the following sets of exposure factors would be best for an adult hand study using a digital imaging system?
64 kV, 200 mA, 1/20 seconds, large focal spot
78 kV, 600 mA, 1/60 seconds, large focal spot
70 kV, 300 mA, 1/30 seconds, small focal spot
80 kV, 600 mA, 1/60 seconds, large focal spot
35
Patient has fiberglass cast how should the original 60 kV be changed?
63 kV
75 kV
67 kV
70 kV
36
What is the purpose of performing the AP partially flexed projections of the elbow?
To provide a view of the radial head and capitulum
To demonstrate any possible elevated fat pads
To provide an AP perspective if the patient cannot fully extend the elbow
To separate the radial head from the ulna
37
Which wrist ligament is attached to the styloid process of the ulna and continues to the triquetrum and pisiform?
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament
Palmar radiocarpal ligament
Radial collateral ligament
38
Where is the CR centered for a PA projection of the hand?
At the third metacarpophalangeal joint
At the third distal interphalangeal joint
At the third proximal interphalangeal joint
At the base of the third metacarpal
39
The second most common type of primary cancerous bone tumor is:
Ewing's Sarcoma
Multiple myeloma
Chondrosarcoma
Osteogenic sarcoma
40
Grids are generally not required unless the anatomy measures greater than _____ cm in thickness.
8
14
10
5
41
.
AP-acute flexion
Coyle method with 80° flexion, CR angled 45° away from shoulder
Gaynor-Hart method
Coyle method with 90° flexion, CR angled 45° toward the shoulder
42
The smooth, depressed, center portion of trochlea used for evaluating rotation on lateral elbow is termed trochlear:
Process
depression
fossa
sulcus
43
A patient enters the ED with a Smith Fx. Which region of the upper limb must be radiographed to demonstrate this injury?
Wrist and forearm
Trapezium
Elbow
Hand
44
Which carpal bone is
1
?
Hamate
Scaphoid
Trapezium
Pisiform
45
How much rotation of the humeral epicondyles is required for the AP medial oblique projection of the elbow?
20°
45°
90°
30°
46
How many projections are required for the AP-acute flexion study of the elbow?
4
3
1
2
47
Which projection of the wrist is ideal for demonstrating possible calcification in the dorsal aspect of the carpals?
Carpal bridge
Carpal canal
Lateral wrist
Ulnar deviation
48
What type of rotation of the hands is required for the AP oblique-bilateral (Norgaard method) hand projection?
45° internally
5° to 10° internally
30° to 35° externally
None
49
.
Norgaard method
Folio method
Modified Robert’s method
Gaynor-Hart method
50
What is the approximate distance between the tabletop and Bucky tray on most floating tabletop types of tables?
1-2 IN
2-3 IN
1/2-1 IN
3-4 IN
51
Which carpal bone is the smallest?
Capitate
Hamate
Scaphoid
Pisiform
52
Which carpal bone is
4
?
Trapezoid
Hamate
Lunate
Scaphoid
53
AP oblique elbow with medial rot. reveals that radial head is superimposed over part of coronoid process. Error?
Flexion of the elbow
Excessive lateral rotation
Excessive medial rotation
Incorrect CR angulation
54
.
Radial head lateral projections
Coyle method with 45° CR angle toward shoulder
Coyle method with 45° CR angle away from shoulder
Acute flexion projection
55
Why is it important to keep the phalanges parallel to the IR for a PA oblique projection of the hand?
Opens up the carpometacarpal joints
Prevents foreshortening of radiocarpal joint
Demonstrates the sesamoid bones near the first interphalangeal joint
Prevents foreshortening of phalanges/ obscuring of interphalangeal joints
56
How should the original analog kV range change with a fiberglass cast on a wrist or forearm?
Increase 8-10 kV
Increase 5-7 kV
Increase 3-4 kV
No change
57
Which of the following structures is considered to be most posterior?
Olecranon process
Radial tuberosity
Trochlea
Coronoid process
58
The first carpometacarpal joint is classified as a ____ joint.
Ginglymus
Trochoidal
Plane
Saddle
59
lateral elbow demonstrates ~ half of radial head superimposed by coronoid process of ulna. What occured?
The hand/ wrist were rotated laterally and not in a true lateral position
The shoulder was not dropped sufficiently to the tabletop level
The hand was pronated rather than in a true lateral position
No positioning errors occurred
60
The interphalangeal joints have a(n) ____ type of joint movement.
saddle
Plane
Ginglymus
Ellipsoidal
61
Which of the following actions will lead to the proximal radius crossing over the ulna?
Supination of the hand
External rotation of the elbow
Pronation of the hand
Placing epicondyles parallel to the image receptor
62
Which special projection of the wrist will open up the interspaces on the ulnar side of the wrist?
Ulnar deviation
Carpal bridge
Carpal canal
Radial deviation
63
patient has a metal foreign body in the palm of the hand. Which projection should be taken to locate the foreign body?
PA and Gaynor-Hart method
PA and lateral in extension projections
PA and lateral in flexion projections
PA and fan lateral projections
64
Which of the following carpals articulates with the radius?
Trapezium
Scaphoid
Hamate
Pisiform
65
The joint found between the base of the 3rd metacarpal and carpal bone is the:
Interphalangeal
Proximal metacrapophalangeal
Intercarpal
Carpometacarpal
66
The CR placement for an AP axial projection (modified Robert’s method) of the thumb is at the:
midproximal phalanx of the first digit.
first carpometacarpal joint
first proximal interphalangeal joint
first distal interphal
67
How many carpal bones are found in the wrist?
5
7
14
8
68
Which routine projection of the elbow will best demonstrate an elevated or visible posterior fat pad?
Lateral roation oblique
True lateral with 90 degree flexion
Coyle method
True AP with no rotation
69
This projection is correctly referred to as:
Gaynor-Hart method
Carpal canal, inferosuperior projection
Carpal tunnel, inferosuperior projection
All of the above
70
A patient enters the ED with a possible Bennett’s Fx. Which routines should be performed to confirm this diagnosis?
Finger
Forearm
Thumb
Wrist
71
The first metacarpophalangeal joint has a(n) ____ type of joint movement.
Saddle
Ellipsoidal
Pivot
Plane
72
What CR angle is required with the modified Robert’s method?
5° proximally (toward the wrist)
20° distally (away from the wrist)
15° proximally (toward the wrist)
10° distally (away from the wrist)
73
Which carpal bone is 5?
Scaphoid
Trapezium
Trapizoid
Hamate
74
Which anatomy is better visualized with a fan lateral as compared with the other lateral projections of the hand?
Carpals
Sesamoid bones
Phalanges
Carpometacarpal joints
75
the elbow shows the radius directly superimposed over the ulna and the coronoid process in profile. Which projection?
AP
Lateral
Medial (internal) rotation oblique
Lateral (external) rotation oblique
76
This projection is performed to rule out:
Median nerve impingement
calcification in carpal sulcus
All of the above
Carpal tunnel syndrom
77
Which one of the following structures is NOT part of the ulna?
Styloid process
Coronoid tubercle
Ulnar notch
Radial notch
78
The bending or forcing of the hand outward with the hand pronated in a posteroanterior (PA) projection is known as:
Radial deviation
Ulnar deviation
Ulnar extention
Radial abduction
79
Which routine projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head and tuberosity free of superimposition?
AP oblique with external rotation
AP oblique with internal rotation
Lateral
AP
80
A “skier’s thumb” is an injury of the:
Ulnar collateral ligament
Median nerve
Scaphoid
Pronator fat stripe
81
The AP oblique-bilateral hands projection (“ball-catcher’s position”) is performed to evaluate for early signs of:
bursitis
osteoporosis
rheumatoid arthritis
gout
82
Patient has history of carpal tunnel and physician wants to rule out calcifications in carpal sulcus. Projection?
Coyle method
Gaynor-Hart method
Carpal bridge
Jones method
83
Which of the following structures is considered to be most lateral?
Coronoid tubercle
Head of ulna
Capitulum
Trochlea
84
Local/generalized infection of bone/bone marrow caused by bacteria introduced by trauma/surgery is a condition termed:
Paget's disease
Osteomyelitis
Cellulitis
Osteoarthritis
85
Which of the following projections of the wrist will best demonstrate the wrist joint and intercarpal spaces?
PA
30 degree PA oblique
AP
Gaynor-Hart method
86
Which of the following structures is considered to be most distal?
Trochlea
Radial head
Styloid processes
Olecranon process
87
Why choose PA oblique (medial rotation) rather than the PA oblique (lateral rotation) for the 2nd digit of the hand?
Minimizes optimal immunomodulating dose (OID)
Opens up joints better
Is more comfortable for the patient
Minimizes object image-receptor distance (OID)