Biology Chp. 3- The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Obeys all the laws of chemistry —> Basis of living systems

Reactions that BREAK APART biological polymers:

Naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells are called ___.

Long-chain carbohydrate made of monosaccharides and used for energy or cellular structure (Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen):

Cells use ____ for information storage and transfer.

Group of molecules that store energy and all contain C, H, and O in the molar ratio 1:2:1 are called ____.

_____ are the associations between two or more polypeptides.

___ are the structure elements found in dissimilar proteins. They can create folds, creases, or barrel shapes.

Releases energy that can be used by cells to get work done. Also called Adenosine Triphosphate.

What includes carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids

Chemical reactions that FORMS (builds up) biological polymers:

_____ is the amino acid sequence.

Includes adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine. Also known as deoxyribonucleic acid.

_____ are molecules with the smell formula but different structures (ex: glucose and fructose)

Long molecule built by linking together a large number of small, similar chemical subunits is called:

___ are functional subunits or site within a tertiary structure.

(C6H12O6) _____ is the most important 6-C sugar is a result of photosynthesis.

Same molecular formulas but different structures are…

_____ is the three-dimensional folding (folds and links).

_____ differ in how groups are attatched

Contains amino group (-NH2) and an acidic carboxyl group (-COOH)…determines protein’s structure and function

Large, complex molecules made up of long chains of amino acids linked together are called ____.

Sugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic linkage (Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose) :

A simple sugar molecule is called a ____. (Glucose, Fructose, Galactose)

When it comes to ____, thymine is replaced by uracil. It is a single stranded copy of DNA.

_____ are the hydrogen bonding patterns.

_____ are mirror-image stereoisomers

Fatty molecules that perform a variety of functions are called ____.

Which is the most important macromolecule?