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AP Comparative CHINA
AP Comparative CHINA
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Flashcards
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1
Term for connections or relationships; personal ties; gets private goods/services, NOT public
guanxi
danwei
houku
nomenklatura
2
Jiang Zemin was
all of these
the enemy of Falun Gong
Deng's successor
China's "3rd Generation" president
3
What U.S. president formally recognized China in what year?
Ronald Reagan in 1984
Jimmy Carter in 1979
None of these
Richard Nixon in 1972
4
All of the following are true regarding the judiciary in China EXCEPT
There is an increase in the number of lawsuits.
There is a fairly efficient civil system.
The criminal system is swift and harsh.
it has he power of judicial review over government policies.
5
The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were
economic policies implemented by Deng Xiaoping.
radical uptopian movements Mao launched for ideol. reasons..
Mao's efforts to differentiate Chinese and Soviet communism.
aimed at achieving econ. dev. through mass mobilization.
6
Which is a key component of economic liberalization in former command economies?
Nationalizing privately owned firms
Prohibiting foreign direct investment
Instituting tariffs
Eliminating price controls
7
A territorial unit that contains a large concentration of ethnic minorities
oblast
autonomous region
province
okrug
8
A tightening and loosening cycle, waxing and waning of the power of each faction
guanxi
feng-shou
falun gong
hukou
9
Radicalized youth who served as Mao's shock troops during the Cultural Revolution:
cadres
Old Guard
Red Guard
tuanpai
10
Deng Xiaoping radically transformed China by doing all of the following EXCEPT
bringing in younger, better-educated officials.
reducing the role of the state in the economy.
allowing the proliferation of opposition parties.
allowing a substantial foreign investment.
11
Radical movement Mao launched in '66 to regain political control from rivals; resulted in chaos
The Cultural Revolution
The Hundred Flowers Campaign
The Great Leap Forward
The Four Modernizations
12
Mao Zedong rose to power during a war for control of China fought by the
KMT (GMD) and Chinese Communists
Chinese Nationalists and Qing Dynasty
Communist bloc vs. free world
Chinese communists vs. Soviet Communists
13
During the disintegration of the Soviet empire, the Chinese leadership did which?
Liberalized the economy rather than the political system.
Liberalized the political system by eliminating guanxi
Emulated the Soviet examples of glasnost & perestroika.
Sought to strengthen and reinforce Maoist roots.
14
1956-57: Mao encouraged intellectuals to offer criticism of national policy, then cracked down!
Great Leap Forward
Hundred Flowers Campaign
Cultural Revolution
May 4th Movement
15
Authoritarian party that has ruled China from 1949 to the present:
DPRK
PLA
CPSU
CCP
16
Which organizing principle differentiated the CCP from the Soviet Communist Party?
Mass line
Democratic centralism
Dictatorship of the proletariat
Confucianism
17
Mao's moderate premier who influenced him to invite Nixon to China in 1972:
Zhao Ziyang
Jiang Qing
Zhou Enlai
Deng Xiaopeng
18
Deng's term for system: markets, profits, investors, and entrepreneurs grow & mod. the economy
socialism with Chinese characteristics
socialism in one country
democratic centralism
Maoism
19
Taiwan's biggest trading partner: (not political buddy by any means)
Japan
Panda Express
China
the U.S.
20
China's policy of blending capitalism and Western freedoms with Chinese communism. Xiaoping way
"One Country, Two Systems"
Four Modernizations
None of these.
"Two Chinas"
21
The favored children of Old Guard who inherit power and position: (key part of guanxi)
the Shanghai Gang
plenums
tuanpei
princelings
22
Public demonstrations of grief over the death of Hua Yaobang preceded the (TANK MAN)
Hundred Flowers Campaign.
Great Leap Forward.
Tiananmen Square demonstrations.
Cultural Revolution.
23
Maoist program: citizens' lifetime affiliation with work unit governing all aspects of life:
danwei
houku
zhongguo
fang-shou
24
First source of legitimacy for rule in historical China
dynastic cycle
danwei
mandate of heaven
guanxi
25
In the trade relationship between the U.S. and China,
overall exports/imports have decreased due to U.S. sanctions
the balance of trade is about even
China imports much more & U.S. exports much more..
China exports much more & U.S. imports much more.
26
Chinese philosophy that emphasizes hierarchical relationships and responsibilities:
Marxism
Taoism
Maoism
Confucianism
27
The Chinese govt. allows only one organization for a profession, trade, or activity:
neo-corporatism
state corporatism
interest group pluralism
democratic centralism
28
Enclaves Deng established in the '80s; gave tax incentives, etc., to lure foreign investment:
PLAs
TVEs
SEZs
HHRs
29
Wukan = Chinese fishing village famous because. Example of growing local control
protested and won right to elect leaders gov. didn't like.
they are a successful SEZ.
they are a button city.
are a "cancer village" that won damages from gov. in court.
30
China's president, announced at the 12th National People's Congress:
Hu Jintao
Xi Jinping
Deng Xiaopeng
Jiang Zemen
31
"It doesn't matter whether a cat is white or black, as long as it catches mice."
Deng Xiaoping Theory
Mandate of Heaven
parallel hierarchies
Maoism
32
The term "iron rice bowl" refers to? (China is moving away from this b/c it's so expensive...
state guarantee of job and benefits for workers
end of state subsidies for industry
collectivization of agriculture
policy which forced farmers to grow rice
33
A practical mix of authoritarian political control and economic privatization
Deng Xiaoping Theory
houku
Household Responsibility System
Maoism
34
Founder of China's Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) the father of modern China.Ended dynasties
Sun Yat-sen 1911
Deng Xiaopeng 1970's
Chiang Kai-shek 1930's
Mao Zedong 1949
35
China's ethnic majority is
Uyghur
Han Chinese
Tibetan
Mongol
36
Mao's disastrous '58-59 effort to modernize through localized ind. production and ag. communes.
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
THe Cultural Revolution
The Great Leap Forward
The May 4th Movement
37
China and the USSR were similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT
Leaders used cults of personality to consolidate power
The communist party in both was dominated by workers.
The pre-Revolutionary economies of both = largely ag.
Both experienced long periods of revolutionary struggle
38
Diplomatic sport in the 1970s:
futbol
soccer
none of these
pingpong
39
Meditative martial arts movement founded in 1992 and banned in 1999 as an "evil cult."
Falun-Gong
Confucianism
Tai-Chi
Feng-Shou
40
Historic Beijing plaza where the Chinese party-state crushed the 1989 pro-reform demonstration.
Tiananmen Square
The Gate of Heavenly Peace
Zhonggnanhai
Tahrir Square
41
Chinese Communist army; has extensive business interests:
PLA
CCP
SEZ
GMD
42
The most significant ethnically based protest against the Beijing has come from
Hong Kong
Xinjiang
Tibet
Taiwan
43
Over 2,000 delegates ; meets every 5 years; "rubber stamp" body:
National Party Congress
Politburo
Central Committee
Central Military Commission
44
China suffers acid rain because it depends heavily on
hydroelectric power.
oil for power.
coal for power.
nuclear power.
45
Unlike Britain, direct elections in China are held
for president
only at the local level
only when the head of government calls them
every other year
46
Which is accurate regarding the influence of China's geography?
few navigable rivers for a country its size
poor access to oceans and ice-free ports
population concentrated in river valley and along coasts
most land is arab;e -- relatively flat and fertile
47
All of the following statements about the National People’s Congress are true EXCEPT
It is unicameral.
Minority groups are guaranteed representation.
It is a major policy making institution.
Representation is chosen on a geographical basis.
48
Which is an important consequence of the one-child family policy for Chinese society?
Growing female support for the Chinese Communist Party
Greater government protection of reproductive rights
An increase in the median age
A decline in the income gap between urban/rura families
49
Rural factories and businesses in China that are run by local governments
iron rice bow;
TVEs
SEZs
button cities
50
The meetings of the Central Committee of the CCP
tuanpai
xinhuas
plenums
zhongguos
51
Tibetan spiritual leader who fled to India in 1959 after Tibet's failed uprising against China.
the Dalai Lama
the Buddha
Confucius
Lao Tse
52
Represents the military in China's government; head plays an important role in policymaking
KMT
CMC
GMD
CCP
53
A powerful official offers land, contracts, protection or jobs in return for loyalty & service:
pluralist system
Household Responsibility Sytem
state corporatism
patron-client system
54
Parallel hierarchies:
all of these
People's Liberation Army
government
Communist Party
55
Currently the world's largest economy is
the U.S.
China
the E.U.
None of these
56
All of the following are true of China’s One Child Policy EXCEPT
It has not been successful in slowing population growth
It resulted in an unequal gender ratio.
The policy's relaxed somewhat in rural areas .
families were taxed for having more than one child
57
China executes only 1/4 of # it did in 2002, but that's still __x all the rest of the world.
4 x
10 x
100 x
50 x
58
The state sector is plagued by
corruption
all of these.
too many workers
inefficiency
59
The National People's Congress and Central Committee in the PRC are
ultimate decision makers in the CCP.
party institutions that decide on ideological policies only.
key political institutions that make all major decisions.
moresymbolic than powerful institutions.
60
Currently the largest emitter of greenhouse gases:
Pugs
the U.S.
China
the E.U.
61
All are consequences of economic reforms carried outin China since the early 1980s EXCEPT
a reduction of income,regional, and gender inequalities.
serious negative environmentalconsequences
a dramatic improvement in the standard of living formost
a. a deeper integration ofChina into the world conomy.
62
Mao favored politically indoctrinated party cadres to technical experts because:
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
the Long March
he valued ideology and loyalty over experts
ethic of struggle
63
Mao's wife;one of Gang of Four;opposed pragmatists;supported Cultural Rev.; imprisoned for life
Lin Pfaf
Liu Wedge
Jiang Gimeli
Jiang Qing
64
The Chinese Cultural Revolution was characterized by all EXCEPT
Deportation of "capitalist roaders" to remote countryside.
peacefuland nonviolent educational ideology.
forced 're-education' campaigns against Mao's opponents.
destruction of historical artifacts and literature.
65
Today, ___ of industrial production in China is privately owned.
1/4
1/2
3/4
all
66
Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang:
autonomous regions
procuratorates
separatist republics
plenums
