McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT

eliminated the public funding option

How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?

The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes

Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?

They feared a strong federal government

a privilege granted to US elected officials

What is the point of a trial balloon?

to see public reaction before making a public announcement

How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?

slander is spoken and libel is written

Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?

They know a little about many subjects.

What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?

they increase campaign spending

What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?

fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism

All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?

Voters physically meet and discuss candidates

What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?

Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission

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Questions 340

Answers

1
Which of the following can the President do?
Initiate constitutional amendments
Initiate laws
veto laws
Declare war
2
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Both
Senate
Neither
3
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
4
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
extradition
bill of attainder
de facto prosecution
ex post facto law
5
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
make elections less volatile
safety valve for popular discontent
6
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
7
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
required reporting of PAC contributions
eliminated the public funding option
8
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
9
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
22nd
23rd
25th
24th
10
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
character ratings
economic indicators
foreign policy achievements
11
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a partisan organization
12
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the states were too powerful
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They wanted a democracy
13
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
unlawful searches
14
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
lawyers and judges
attorneys
police officers & teachers
criminals
15
Franking is
Unregulated
a privilege granted to US elected officials
a duty given to US elected officials
Illegal
16
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
3/4
unanimous
2/3
51%
17
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
male
Christian
property owner
white
18
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you attend to the news
you get more conservative
you vote more
You vote for Democrats
19
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see how high it will go without popping
to launch a campaign
to mend fences after a scandal
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
20
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Butler v. U.S.
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
U.S. v. Nixon
U.S. v. Lopez
21
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel in spoken and slander is written
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
22
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
oral argument
opinion
writ of certiori
a warrant
23
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
file amicus curiae briefs
judge appointments
judicial review
impeachment
24
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a little about many subjects.
They have the most expansive powers.
25
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
the 14th amendment
The Declaration of Independence
The Bill of Rights
the Preamble
26
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
policy elections
primaries
general elections
27
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
extradition
privileges and immunities protections
dual federalism
full faith and credit clause
28
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
primaries
grandfather clauses
literacy tests
poll taxes
29
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
30
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Legislative
Judicial
Executive
Bureaucracy
31
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they participate in debates
they increase campaign spending
they are taking clear positions on issues
They are avoiding media attention
32
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
33
The effect of iron triangles is typically
pluralism
hyperpluralism
socialism
elitism
34
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v, California
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
35
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Bureaucracy
The Judicial
The Legislative
The Executive
36
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
37
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
the state governments
only the federal government
only the executive power
all governments in the US
38
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
attorneys, judges
4 judges, law fairies
3 judges, witnesses
5 judges, juries
39
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Teddy Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
Franklin Roosevelt
John Kennedy
40
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
23rd
20th
21st
22nd
41
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
You can only have one or the other, not both
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
42
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
unfunded madates
enumerated powers
categorical grants
block grants
43
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
checks and balances
separation of power
limited government
judicial review
44
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
declaring war
creating courts
treaty approval
taxation bills
45
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
they are more common than caucuses
there is a ballot
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
46
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
approve appintments
lobbying
deregulation
hearings
47
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
McCain v. BCRA
48
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Interstate Commerce Commission
Securities and Exchange
Federal Reserve
Federal Trade Commission
49
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
2/3
1/2
100%
3/4
50
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Both
House
Senate
Neither
51
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
15th
16th
12th
10th
52
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
6
7
4
5
53
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
issue pardons
nominate officials
execute the law
fill vacancies
54
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
55
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. North Carolina
Craig v. Boren
harris v. Forklift Systems
56
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
12th
10th
11th
8th
57
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
58
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
budget resolution
impoundment
fiscal cliff
sequestration
59
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Judge
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
U.S. Representative
60
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
61
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
bankruptcy supervision
admiralty and maritime law
naturalization
62
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
regulation
due process
adminstrative discretion
issue networks
63
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They opposed federal taxation
They feared a stronger federal power.
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
64
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article IV
Article III
Article I
Article II
65
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
66
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
free exercise
original intent
inherent powers
judicial activism
67
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He stepped down after 3 years
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He "flipped" to the liberal side
68
This amendment ended slavery
14th
12th
15th
13th
69
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
register
think they are in it
attend meetings
70
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Whig
Democrat
Republican
71
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
vote
pray
assemble
free speech
72
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
the internet
satellite tv
netflix
cable television
73
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
revolutionary
issue / cause
popular person-based
splinter
74
The United States government is accurately described as
a democracy
a unitary federation
a republic
an autocracy
75
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Craig v. Boren
ERA v. Hunt
Reed v. Reed
Schaffley v. Hoke
76
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
idealogues
nature of the times
low information
groups benefits
77
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
speedy and swift
slow and deliberate
through consesnsus
impossible
78
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
division of labor
chain of command
reliance on technology
promotion based on merit
79
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
McCullough v. Maryland
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Fletcher v. Peck
Giibbons v. Ogden
80
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
81
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
82
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The War Powers Resolution
The Enduring Freedom Act
The Geneva Convention
The Patriot Act
83
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Military personnel make up the largest segment
84
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
reorganize budgets
appointments
eliminate agencies
issue executive orders
85
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
implied powers
elastic clause
limited government
supremacy clause
86
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
wheel and spoke
flat
solar
circular
87
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
88
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
89
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
Article I
It's not
Article VI
Article III
90
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
White House Staff
The cabinet
The Executive Offices
the Vice President
91
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
John Locke
Adam Smith
92
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Solicitor General
The Chief Magistrate
The Chief Justice
the U.S. Marshalls
93
Why are signing statements controversial?
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
They are relatively new in presidential history
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
they are executive orders in disguise
94
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Neither
House
Both
Senate
95
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between a state and a country
between the US and states
capital punishment cases
between 2 or more states
96
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
They are inherently patriotic
97
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The House Ways and Means Committee
The Senate Finance Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Office of Management and Budget
98
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article III
Article II
Article V
No part
99
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
100
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
trustee
politico
division of labor
instructed delegate
101
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
they tend to support incumbents
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
their donors can remain anonymous
They coordinate closely with their candidate
102
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Gibbons v. Ogden
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Sweatt v. Paint
Munn v. Illinois
103
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
17th
18th
20th
19th
104
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Engel v. Vitale
Miller v. California
Employment Division v. Smith
Lemon v. Kutzman
105
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
endorsements
bandwagon
coattails
approval ratings
106
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
Earl Warren
John Roberts
Warren Burger
William Rehnquist
107
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
The Conservative Era was over
politicians must take clear positions on issues
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
108
What was the first form of mass media?
daily newspapers
radio
telegraph
television
109
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the candidate
the bureaucracy
the party
interest groups
110
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
a balanced budget
passing a flat tax
a deficit tied to the GDP
returning budget initiation to Congress
111
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
strict constructionism
judicial restraint
due process
judicial activism
112
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
electioneering
gerrymandering
filibustering
polarization
113
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
why we don't have radical parties in the US
Why we have two parties
114
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. judges
U.S. Senators
U.S. President
U.S. Representatives
115
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a shovel
a microphone
a light saber
116
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
117
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
McCullough v. Maryland
Fletcher v. Peck
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
118
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They provide endorsements
They know the election laws in that state
They do polling
They raise most of the money
119
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
state
district
federal
appellate
120
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
checks and balances
judicial review
separation of powers
limited government
121
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Democrat
Republican
122
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Dixiecrat
Democratic
Republican
Whig
123
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
124
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
125
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
126
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
restate the oath
inform Congress about the state of the Union
hold a joint session of Congress
Give a speech
127
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to regulate campaign finance
to streamline platform writing
128
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the courts
the states
the President
the Congress
129
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to reward big fundraisers
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
130
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
devolution
nullification
Nixon's New Federalismj
extradition
131
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
free exercise
the filibuster
the nuclear option
132
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
1 year
3 years
6 months
2 years
133
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it easier to register to vote
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
134
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the states
the Suoreme Court
the voters through referendum
135
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
expanded it / made bigger
contracted it / made smaller
it was unchanged
it was inconsistent
136
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Texas v. Johnson
Smith v. Texas
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
137
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
H,W. Bush
Clinton
W. Bush
Reagan
138
Who are the litigants in a case?
the lawyers
the plaintiff and defendent
the judges
the members of the jury
139
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
interviews with media
a poll
the nightly news
tv ads
140
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
sequestration
structural debt
omnibus bills
regressive taxing
141
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
UN Ambassador
Party Leader
142
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
143
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
They more reliably vote for the party
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
they have a larger population
144
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
religion
gender
wealth
145
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Texas v. Johnson
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
146
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
inherent
reserved
supremacy powers
enumerated
147
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
religion
race
age
gender
148
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Nixon
Goldwater
H.W. Bush
Reagan
149
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
150
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
narrowcast
politics
press conference
newscast
151
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
founding the National Organization for Women
writing The Feminine Mystique
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
Starting Ms. Magazine
152
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
pay dues
attend meetings
153
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
police power
establishing courts
printing currency
taxation
154
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Leaking information to the press
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Electioneering during work hours
155
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis a requirement in a democracy
iis accurate
156
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have voted more often
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more ideological
157
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Employment Division v. Smith
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
158
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of currency
159
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They generally quit before they can be fired
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They cycle out after each presidential election
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
160
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
confederation
direct democracy
unitary democracy
union
161
If an issue has high saliency it means
few people are paying attention
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
It has a short "shelf life"
162
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been upheld.
It has been struck down.
It has not been tested.
It is currently pending.
163
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
the writing of the party platform
candidate nomination
a debate between the two leading candidates
164
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
bully pulpit
neutral competence
state of the union
electoral mandate
165
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
SEC
FTC
NLRB
ICC
166
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title V
Title IX
Title XI
Title XX
167
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that banned soft money
168
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
shrink the # of courts
a veto war
executive order
a recess appointment
169
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
170
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Engel v. Vitale
Gitlow v. New York
Employment Division v. Smith
171
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
172
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is nonexistent
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
it is contentious
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
173
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
run polls on election day
pick candidates
coordinate campaigns
articulate policies
174
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Neither
House
Senate
Both
175
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article V
Article III
Article VI
Article IV
176
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
12th
11th
10th
9th
177
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Gideon v. Wainwright
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
178
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
179
Teacher led prayers violate the
free exercise clause
due process clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
180
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it typically converts voters
is that it sets the policy agenda
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
181
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Veteran's Affairs
Energy and Commerce
Ethics
Appropriations
182
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
27th
25th
26th
24th
183
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
184
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
race
gender
age
185
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they were unanimous
they tied
they want to lower courts to retry it
they defer to the lower court ruling
186
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
187
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
188
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
patronage
voter fraud
providing government services
advertising
189
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The House decides the charges
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The chief Justice oversees the trial
190
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
191
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
legitimacy
standing
representation
jurisprudence
192
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
The Supreme Court
Circuit Courts
District Courts
Superior Courts
193
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
government regulation is illegal
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
the stock market must be reformed
194
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Corporate taxes
Income taxes
Tariffs
Fuel taxes
195
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
17th
19th
18th
196
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
information management and mobilization
polling and policy positions
converting voters
patronage
197
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
Their parties are more organized
They have more parties
They have elections more often
They have more party cohesion
198
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
199
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment
Tutle IX
Gay Rights
Fuel Independence
200
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are longer but cheaper
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
201
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
202
What type of primary do political parties like best?
open
blanket
unicameral
closed
203
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
204
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
delegates
voters
electors
party leaders
205
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the circuit courts
the Supreme Court
the district courts
206
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
primaries
short terms
the power of interest groups
strong parties
207
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
incumbency advantage
media culture
party identification
208
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
209
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
legislation
amendements
impeachment
regulations
210
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
native americans
migrant workers
blacks
immigrants
211
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
212
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
January
December
February
March
213
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Engel v. Vitale
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Schenk v. the United States
214
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
215
Empty question
216
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The President
The Electoral College
The House of Representatives
The Senaste
217
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
obtain standing
hire lobbyists
testify
file amicus curiae briefs
218
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
scandal
interview
beat
leak
219
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
veto override
selective enforcement
executive agreements
executive orders
220
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 day
3 days
1 week
4 days
221
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
voting
protest
running for office
petitioning
222
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
223
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must be unaninmous
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
224
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became more protective of the president
the press became apathetic towards the government
225
How many levels are the federal court system?
five
three
two
four
226
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
227
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required candidtes to take public funds
limited contributions
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
required reporting of income/spending
228
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
voter perception
push polls
key word / phrasing polls
exit poLling
229
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They need Senate approval
They indicate the President's intentions
They are binding for the next President
They need UN approval
230
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
cooperative federalism
new federalism
fiscal federalism
dual federalism
231
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
232
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
House
Senate
Both
Neither
233
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
They are being prepped for a debate
234
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Alexander Hamilton
William McKinley
Thomas Jefferson
Andrew Jackson
235
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
seniority in committee assignments
support from interest groups
expanded budget authority
increased staff
236
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
Common Sense
The Constitution
The Declaration of Independence
237
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
238
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The Council on Economic Advisors
The OMB
The GOA
The White House Staff
239
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
an initiative was passed
the state legislative baody banned it
an executive order by the Governor
a court order
240
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
Internet ads
the prevalence of sound bites
241
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
50% +1
100%
the largest percentage of all candidates
2/3 or 75%
242
An incumbent
has a hareder time raising money
has a 50% chance of being successful.
is running for re-election
is seeking office for the first time
243
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
244
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
Neither
House
Both
Senate
245
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
246
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
wealth
gender
race
religion
247
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
voting
protesting
fundraising
ticket-splitting
248
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Medicare
Social Security
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicaid
249
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
endorsements
less red tape
more authority and bigger budgets
lobbyists
250
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Connecticut
Slave Trade
Virginia Plan
3/5 Compromise
251
Over time, national party conventions have become less
attended
contentious
predictable
fun
252
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
12th
13th
15th
14th
253
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
editorials are held to a different standard
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
254
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
joint committee
casework
caucus
conference committee
255
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
U.S. v. Lopez
256
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
the military industrial complex
inevitable growth in budgets
budget reconciliation
delays / slow budget negotiations
257
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
258
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
259
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on odd/ unusual
They focus on individuals
they focus on issues
they tend to be liberal
260
When does a federal judge leave office?
when they choose or die
after a no confidence vote
After 10 years
After 5 years
261
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the elastic clause
262
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
exclusion
inaccessibility
disability
accommodation
263
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
264
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all potential groups
They are all informal
They are all agents of socialization
They are all interest groups
265
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
20 years
15 years
14 years
30 years
266
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
incumbency
fiscal federalism
fiscal policy
concurrent powers
267
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
discretionary spending
the line item veto
ways and means
the pocket veto
268
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
direct democracy
no states would exist
more powerful states
more uniformity
269
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is nonexistent
It is longer
It is more in depth
270
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
pardoning criminals
271
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
272
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
273
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Federal Reserve
The Congressional Budget Office
The General Accounting Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
274
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
merit system
patronage
due process
due diligence
275
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
inflation
new state election laws
staffing requirements
television
276
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The Stalwart Law
The McKinley Act
Hatch Act
Pendleton Act
277
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
due process
establish justice
provide for the general welfare
ensure domestic tranquility
278
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
closed
bicameral
blanket
open
279
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Dixiecrats
Whigs
Populists
Know Nothings
280
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
defense
foreign aid
education
medicare
281
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Introduction
The Preamble
The Bill of Rights
The Mutual Pledge
282
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Taxation
Declare War
Approve treaties
Impeachment
283
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gregg v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
Furman v. Georgia
284
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's senators
the state's House Reps
the state's governor
the Supreme Court
285
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Miranda v. Arizona
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Gideon v. Wainwright
Baker v. Carr
286
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
287
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
passing laws
filing class action lawsuits
rule-making
iron triangles
288
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
tax loopholes
bond sales
foreign banks
sequestration
289
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
to produce a party platform
To select a candidate for the general election
To raise money
To build enthusiasm
290
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
291
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to tax
negotiate treaties
to regulate interstate trade
to create courts
292
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
7
11
9
10
293
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
government shutdowns
authorization bills
fiscal cliffs
omnibus bills
294
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
the President
legilslators
bureaucrats
interest groups
295
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
politico model
instructed delegate model
trustee model
agency model
296
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
retiring officials that become lobbyists
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation that has wide appeal
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
297
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
runaway spending
voter apathy
separation of powers
rapid passage of laws
298
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
tax loopholes
tax indexing
deficit spending
entitlements
299
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
appointments
veto
declare war
tax
300
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being young
being wealthy
being educated
301
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
Parties have legislative goals
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties offer selective benefits
302
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
303
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Reed v. Reed
Employment Division v. Smith
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
304
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
the whole process takes one day
Only 12 states hold them
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
305
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Neither
Both
House
Senate
306
Another term for prior restraint is
subpoena
warrant
arrest
censorship
307
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
25th
26th
23rd
24th
308
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
5
7
4
6
309
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
District and Appeals
Supreme and District
Supreme and Appeals
District only
310
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
The Office of Personnel Management
National Labor Relations Board
The Civil Service Commission
311
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
enumerated
reserved
granted
federalism
312
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Judge
U.S. Senator
313
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Reed v. Reed
314
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
315
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Raymour and Flanigan
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
316
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
it caters to low information voters
317
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they produce issue ads
they disclose the names of contributors
They are for profit taxable organizations
They coordinate closely with candidates
318
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
politico model
trustee model
agency model
instructed delegate model
319
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
policy positions
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
fundraising
320
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
justiceable
civil
criminal
appellate
321
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is older
The Senate and President are from different parties
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is relatively unknown
322
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to energize the party faithful
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
to advertise the candidate
323
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Democrats
Republicans
324
The distance between a law and implentation is called
appellate jurisdiction
slippage
administrative discretion
bureaucratic distance
325
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
all war reporters are members of the military
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
326
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Alcatraz
Los Alamos
San Quentin
Guantanamo
327
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
hispanics
asians
migrant workers
women
328
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Mapp v. Ohio
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
329
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
waging war
diplomatic recognition
appointing ambassadors
executive agreements
330
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Officials put their constituents before their party
none of the above
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
331
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
white souitherners
blacks
unions
the wealthy
332
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
abortion
zoning
school
police
333
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
voter apathy
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
334
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
Blacks outnumber hispanics
We will soon be a majority minority nation
335
What is casework?
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Constituent services
How a lawyer prepares for trial
Preparation for committee hearings
336
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
domestic issues
impeachment
leadership votes
when declaring war
337
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the due process clause
elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
338
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
18th
19th
25th
21st
339
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Protect America Act
Freedom Act
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
340
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
age
religion
race
gender