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Duplicate of Semester 2 Final Uncut Version Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Semester 2 Final Uncut Version
Duplicate of Semester 2 Final Uncut Version
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Answers
1
What is the evidence that shows we are descendants from a single female from Africa named Eve?
Comparative embryology
Fossils
Mitochondrial DNA
2
The male peacock displaying his feathers
Artificial selection
Intrasexual selection
Intersexual selection
Natural selection
3
When does speciation occur the fastest?
After mass extinction.
When the environment changes fast.
4
What is the problem with this karyotype?
Translocation
Disomy at position 21
Monosomy at postion 8
Trisomy at position 21
5
Nucleotides are
none of the these
the basic building blocks for DNA and RNA
the basic building blocks for DNA
the basic building blocks for RNA
6
Until the 1700's, most people believe the Earth was
Formed from Pangaea
Constantly changing
4.6 billion years old
Fixed
7
Which is NOT a principle for natural selection?
Overindulgence
Adaptation
Variation
Competition
8
Humans hunted whales. The population went from 25,000 to 440.
Intrasexual selection
Bottleneck effect
Intersexual selection
Founders effect
9
Meiosis I separates
Sister chromatids
Homologous chromosomes
Sister cells
Analogous chromosomes
10
Genes are not shared during
Sexual selection
Embryonic isolation
Reproductive isolation
Natural selection
11
A purple, heterozygous flower (Pp)was made from a purple flower and white flower. Pp is the
DNA
Chromosomes
phenotype
genotype
12
When did the first life appear on Earth?
4.6 billion years ago
2.7 billion years ago
3.5 billion years ago
3.5 million years ago
13
The Grand Canyon would cause
Quarantine isolation
Temporal isolation
Behavioral isolation
Geographic isolation
14
Current evidence, such as DNA evidence, shows that homo sapiens originated in
Asia
North America
Africa
Europe
15
Where is mRNA made?
mitochondria
ribosomes
nucleus
cytoplasm
16
Mendel's law which states homologous chromosomes separate randomly during meiosis
Conservation of matter
Independent assortment
Segregation
Equal and opposite reactions
17
The cells created at the end of meiosis are ______________.
Diploid
triploid
haploid
Trisomy
18
What type of inheritance pattern is shown in this cross?
Codominance
Polygenic traits
Incomplete Dominance
Multiple Alleles
19
This type of selection
Stabilizing selection
Natural selection
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
20
This picture shows
Structures reduced in size and structure
vestigial structures
all of above
is evidence that supports evolution and common ancestry
21
Female on the left; male on the right
Natural selection
Intersexual selection
Sexual dimorphism
Intrasexual selection
22
A codon is
the same as an anti-codon
3 nucleotides in tRNA
3 nucleotides in rRNA
3 nucleotides in mRNA
23
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a gene.
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Dominant
Recessive
24
Fitness depends on
Intelligence
Strength
Environment
Size
25
This type of mutation will not change the amino acid.
Silent
Nonsense
Missense
Chromosomal
26
In a gene, these are the different forms:
Alleles
Parents
Genes
Offspring
27
Which of the following is heterozygous?
BB
Bb
bb
28
This type of selection
Disruptive selection
Natural selection
Directional selection
Stabilizing selection
29
In Earth's early atmosphere, which molecule was not present?
CH4 (methane)
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
H2O vapor (water vapor)
O2 (oxygen gas)
30
In a group of mice, some are nocturnal and some are diurnal. This can lead to
Behavioral isolation
Temporal isolation
Quarantine isolation
Geographic isolation
31
Organisms that have two different alleles for a gene.
Dominant
Homozygous
Recessive
Heterozygous
32
What is the 23rd pair of chromosomes in humans?
Sex chromosomes
Gametes
Karyotype
Trisomy 21
33
What percent of offspring will be expected to be blue?
25%
100%
75%
50%
34
Different mating calls can lead to
Quarantine isolation
Temporal isolation
Geographic isolation
Behavioral isolation
35
The purpose of sexual selection is to
Mate
Survive
Create mutations
Evolve
36
What carries an amino acid to its correct codon?
mRNA
none of the above
rRNA
tRNA
37
Major driving force for evolutionary changes is
Weather
Natural selection
Mutations
Artificial selection
38
Limited resources leads to
Adaptation
Variation
Overproduction
Competition
39
This type of selection
Directional selection
Stabilizing selection
Natural selection
Disruptive selection
40
In this Punnett Square, what percentage of offspring are homozygous recessive?
50%
25%
75%
100%
41
The purpose of meiosis is to
Grow and replace cells
Reduce the number of chromosomes
Create somatic cells
Create zygotes
42
During meiosis, which creates variation?
Mutations
Random mating
Replication
Crossing over
43
Which are homologous chromosomes?
2 & 3
1 & 3
1 & 2
1 & 4
44
What is usually the cause mass extinctions ?
rapid change in the environment.
the animals/plants lack of adaptations.
the time periods (ie: Jurassic, Triassic)
45
Darwin observed ____________ matched ______________ on the Galapagos.
environment, habitat
DNA, genes
species, evolution
traits, food source
46
The person who had very similar ideas as Charles Darwin was
James Hutton
Carolus Linnaeus
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Alfred Wallace
47
Which of the following is the purpose of meiosis?
Maintenance (replacing blood cells)
Making gametes (egg&sperm cells)
growth (from zygote to adult).
Repair (after injuries).
48
What is one half of the typical "X" structure of a chromosome?
Lefty
Chromatid
Centrosome
Homologous Chromosome
49
A hurricane kills all but 15 butterflies
Founders effect
Intrasexual selection
Intersexual selection
Bottleneck effect
50
RNA differs from DNA because RNA
contains the nitrogen base Uracil
all of the above
contains a different sugar
is single stranded
51
Which order describes protein synthesis
DNA-> transcription-> RNA-> translation-> protein
RNA->transcription->DNA-> translation-> protein
DNA->translation-> RNA-> transcription-> Protein
52
Which trait will help with survival in changing environments?
Competition
Strength
Overproduction
Diversity
53
What is a molecular clock?
Comparison of embryo's to see how long ago species diverged.
Comparison of fossils to see how long ago species diverged.
Comparison of DNA to see how long ago species diverged.
54
What determines traits?
Parents
Genes
Alleles
Phenotype
55
A purple, heterozygous flower (Pp)was made from a purple flower and white flower. Purple is the
DNA
phenotype
Chromosomes
genotype
56
In this Punnett Square, what fraction of offspring are heterozygous?
1/2
3/4
4/4
1/4
57
All individuals have how many copies of each gene?
3
1
2
4
58
Mutations are important for
Variations
Overproduction
Competition
Law of independent assortment
59
Sunflower color is determined by a gene. The colors are yellow and white . "Yellow" & "white" are different
Chromosphere
Alleles
Chromosomes
Chromatid
60
What are the spliced sections of mRNA that are useful and leave the nucleus ?
Exons
All of the transcribed pieces
Intron
61
How old is the Earth?
4.6 billion years old
2.7 billion years old
3.5 billion years old
3.5 million years old
62
This picture shows
heterozygous structures
vestigial structures
homologous structures
63
What does C represent?
cytokinesis
centromere
Interphase
replicated chromosomes
64
Humans are different than monkey's because humans
are bipedal
all of the above
have larger brains
use tools
65
The process in transcription where the DNA complex falls off is referred to as
Termination
Editing
Initiation
Elongation
66
What is the nitrogen base only found in RNA?
guanine
cytosine
uracil
adenine
67
One piece of evidence that shows when oxygen was present in Earth's early atmosphere was
the iron that was present in the rocks which turned to rust.
the moon rocks.
all of the above
the meteors.
68
The evolution of a new species
Specialization
Spectatorship
Speciation
Evolutionology
69
What type of inheritance pattern is shown in this cross?
Polygenic traits
Codominance
Multiple Alleles
Incomplete Dominance
70
Which #'s would be involved with crossing over?
chromatids 2 & 3
chromatids 3 &4
chromatids 1 & 3
chromatids 2 & 4
71
What is "fertile" offspring?
Children can make babies
Children are useless
Children have mutations
Children are able to farm
72
Which adapts to the environment?
Population
Individual
73
Being colorblind is a recessive X-linked trait. What is D?
Normal Vision Female
Normal Vision Male
Colorblind Male
Colorblind Female
74
The "rungs" or "steps" of the DNA ladder are
phosphate only
pairs nitrogen bases
sugar and phosphate
sugar only
75
The liger is a
Photoshopped image
A breed of lion
A hybrid
Species of lion
76
If smooth peas are dominant over wrinkled. The symbol for smooth is "S". What is the symbol for the wrinkled be?
lowercase r
Uppercase R
lowercase s
Uppercase S
77
Male giraffes fighting
Natural selection
Artificial selection
Intrasexual selection
Intersexual selection
78
Each of the islands in the Galapagos Islands had different
All are correct
Plants
Animals
Environments
79
Homo Erectus was
a good hunter
all answers are true
a serious toolmaker
the first hominid to use fire