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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras Flashcards | StudBud
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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Questions compiled from Global Studies Regents Exams
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1
36
occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire
held positions of power in feudal systems
expelled the Moors from Spain
were traditional religious leaders
2
125
built a system of roadways throughout their empires
traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road
fought rivals for control of the sea
adopted Christianity as the state religion
3
82
Understanding nature is requirement of these belief systems
Pilgrimages to mountains are encouraged by belief systems
The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems
Water plays an important role in these belief systems
4
110
humanism
nationalism
imperialism
polytheism
5
46
voter participation
military disarmament
compulsory education
religious toleration
6
65
Twelve Tables of the Romans
Great Sphinx of the Egyptians
ziggurats of Sumeria
map projections of Mercator
7
63
Mohandas Gandhi
Momar Khadafi
Saddam Hussein
Ho Chi Minh
8
69
democratic reforms
religious unity
economic isolation
cultural achievements
9
77
reached their height of power at the same time
ensured equality for women
developed parliamentary governments
declined because of corruption in government
10
29
religion and government must be brought closer together
harsh laws are needed to control society
all subjects are equal under the law
governments must provide their people with rights
11
11
developing terrace farming on hillsides
becoming maritime traders
constructing harbors to encourage exploration
building chariots to protect open plains against invaders
12
17
Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong
Simon Bolivar and Bernardo O'Higgins
Sun Yixian and Emperor Hirohito
F.W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi
13
105
organized communist rebellions
established democratic rule in their countries
opposed trade with other nations
supported nationalistic movements
14
18
supported republican governments
provided records of economic activity
established legal standards
legalized monotheistic beliefs
15
132
trench warfare
nationalist sentiments
collective security agreements
nonviolent resistance
16
113
used Marxist political principles
overthrew a ruling monarch
promoted Confucian principles
set up democratic governments
17
49
Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India
Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration
Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems
Religions have little impact on the development of empires
18
64
illustrated power of public opinion in forming policy
used violent methods to eliminate their opponents
limited the power of absolute monarchs
established social stability and economic growth
19
48
Vietnam
Japan
India
China
20
145
established colonial territories
led to discoveries in Africa
stimulated trade
encouraged mass migrations
21
55
Treaty of Versailles --> World War II --> Korean War
Renaissance --> Middle Ages --> Roman Empire
Bolshevik Revolution --> French Revolution --> American Rev.
Reformation --> Crusades --> Exploration of the Americas
22
21
lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms
be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders
conquer more than one continent and remain stable
be weakened by both internal and external pressures
23
112
gain the support of wealthy landowners
occur in a peaceful manner
bring radicals to power
ignore urban workers
24
1
the development of a wealthy middle class
an increased emphasis on education
a decentralized political system
religious diversity
25
10
Crusades --> Renaissance --> French Revolution
Crusades --> French Revolution --> Renaissance
French Revolution --> Crusades --> Renaissance
Renaissance --> Crusades --> French Revolution
26
83
policies to increase religious persecution
military strategies to defeat opponents
constitutions to define political powers
legal changes to protect human rights
27
41
established theocracies based on Islam
implemented programs to modernize their nations
supported increased rights for ethnic minorities
adopted policies of nonalignment
28
120
trench
guerilla
unrestricted submarine
biological
29
52
Geography often has an influence on the course of a conflict
Religious tensions often promote disagreements
Advanced technology ensures victory
Most military confrontations involve bio weapons
30
43
embraced the principles of civil disobedience
established the first democratic government in his country
fought to free his country from European control
opposed the role of the Roman Catholic Church in politics
31
115
mountainous topographhy
frequent monsoons
large deserts
tropical climate
32
104
B-->A-->C-->D
C-->B-->D-->A
C-->A-->B-->D
A-->B-->D-->C
33
143
achieving change through revolution
preserving a rigid social system
spreading the teachings of Christianity
supporting a capitalist system
34
103
established totalitarian governments
developed concepts of natural rights
promoted peace and prosperity
provided structure for society
35
108
required the use of Latin throughout the empire
engaged in territorial expansion
introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare
encouraged the spread of independence movements
36
4
built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
were conquered by European imperialists
eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
developed early democratic systems
37
74
Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations
British ruled much of India through control of local rulers
France Germany Belgium and UK negotiated to divide Africa
Spanish govt required gold in colonies be brought to Spain.
38
130
NAFTA was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States
Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba
Panama regained control of the Panama canal
Simon Bolivar established Gran Colombia
39
27
capitalism and democracy
revolution and absolutism
reform and modernization
isolation and nationalism
40
101
emancipated serfs
granted equality to women
ruled according to a constitution
encouraged modernization
41
38
were executed by revolutionaries
were known as great military leaders
supported the emancipation of serfs
advocated religious reform
42
24
technological advances can lead to major change
contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war
economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed
environmental changes can affect human society
43
42
United Nations peacekeepers
mountain passes
superior air forces
severe winters
44
20
used a parliamentary system of government
awarded land to the elite
promoted religious tolerance
relied on global trade for goods
45
111
Voting rights were extended to women
Civil liberties were promoted
One group seized power and limited opposition
Leaders won the support of all groups
46
118
climate
fortifications
advanced technology
lack of ports
47
7
provide the basis for European holy books
serve as primary sources about trade and culture
present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia
include advice on how to be a democratic ruler
48
102
address human rights abuses
support the establishment of democratic governments
establish free trade zones throughout the world
provide encouragement to people behind the Iron Curtain
49
80
African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.
Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.
Desertification reduced the amount of arable land for people
Initially Europeans lacked skills needed for desert travel
50
61
incorporated communist doctrine into their government
joined Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
established an Islamic state
sponsored a UN Conference on Women's Rights
51
78
fought against British imperialism
led nationalist movements
made significant scientific discoveries
became a communist revolutionary
52
76
required unquestioning loyalty to the leader
hindered imperialistic goals
helped increase religious tolerance
led pro-democracy movements
53
142
supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins
building a large network of roads and bridges
using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes
granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples
54
67
service to their church
devotion to their nation-state
allegiance to their families
loyalty to their military leader
55
84
wealth
education
power
birth
56
31
political decentralization
innovative industrial development
revolutionary democratization
reactionary social change
57
133
democratic constitutions
epic poems
written laws
religious edicts
58
71
Effects of Nationalism
Causes of World War II
Results of Economic Revolutions
Tensions of the Cold War
59
35
served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods
are located on the western side of the continent
provided necessary resources for settlement
had little effect on the lives of people in these regions
60
53
isolationism
communism
terrorism
imperialism
61
135
poorly trained military forces
mountainous terrain
harsh winter climate
a lack of alliances
62
37
questioning the benefits of the mercantile system
increased suspicion between different religions
development of new manufacturing techniques
revised understandings of natural surroundings
63
15
gain a warm-water port
limit the role of women in society
return to traditional values
adopt western-style reforms
64
70
creating collective farms
ending foreign control
establishing a limited monarchy
promoting religious freedom
65
54
economic development
the importance of religion
social mobility
the individual and the state
66
97
using examinations to select officials
having long periods of stable government
having governments dominated by a merchant class
developing decentralized political structures
67
88
Hernando Cortez --> Simon Bolivar
Louis XVI --> Maximilien Robespierre
Pope Urban II --> Martin Luther
Nicolaus Copernicus --> Galileo Galilei
68
128
democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy
renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting
weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders
increased construction of roads, bridges, other public works
69
44
protested against economic sanctions
conquered eastern neighboring territories
crushed secessionist movements
worked to modernize their nations
70
3
experienced invasions of his country that almost succeded
promoted economic and technological modernization of country
rejected culture of his country in favor of foreign culture
resisted economic and social reforms in his country
71
34
the development of religious and cultural reforms
a knowledge and command of advanced technologies
a rejection off democratic policies and practices
an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce
72
126
Widespread intolerance of Huguenots led to abuses
Scientific developments improved the standard of living
Military successes eliminated tensions with countries
Inflation contributed to rise of radical political groups
73
45
Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of USSR
Tensions here were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned.
Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues
Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the U.N.
74
119
government policies of ethnic cleansing
government denial of access to fertile farmland
attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy
native reaction to foreign interference in the region
75
73
ruled during times of prosperity
established republics
discouraged scientific advancements
led nationalist movements
76
23
concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
a single currency was used to make transactions easier
ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
77
87
encouraged democratic reforms
promoted religious diversity
emphasized equal rights for women
supported the expansion of overseas trade
78
6
were subjects of Stalinist purges
led communist revolutions
encouraged reforms
supported territorial expansion
79
144
location on key trade routes
indirect control of the papacy
development as centers of woolen industry
management of local gold mines
80
114
climatic changes in an area
beliefs and values of a given culture
19th-century use of technology
influence of Chinese design
81
9
indulgences
tribute
serfdom
chivalry
82
89
designed ships to conduct global trade
adapted mountainous terrain
developed coastal ports
introduced camel caravans as a form of transportation
83
32
social mobility
isolation
globalization
cultural difffusion
84
94
monarchs to be returned to their rightful places
reparations to be paid by defeated countries
peacekeeping organizations to be established
existing borders to be maintained
85
60
worked to end communism in his country
led people of his nation toward a more democratic government
refused to participate in the United Nations
fought for power for black majority over white minority
86
109
growing crops suited to desert climates
engaging in overseas expansion
reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes
building terraces into the mountainsides
87
13
rivers
climate
mountains
deserts
88
79
education and training
birth
individual abilities
marriage
89
95
limit the movement of peoples
halt the spread of communism
keep people from smuggling illegal goods
isolate unpopular governments
90
127
Justinian - Byzantine Empire
Peter the Great - Ottoman Empire
Charlemagne - Spanish Empire
Sulieman the Magnificent - Russian Empire
91
96
enlightened despots
communist dictators
advocates of liberation theology
leaders of independence movements
92
5
restructuring of government that included elected monarchs
an increase in military production, strong military forces
a reduction in tensions with neighboring countries
decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade
93
140
encouraged the development of advanced technology
promoted respect for the physical environment
emphasized duties and responsibilities in society
required that legalist principles be followed
94
100
plans for maintaining the social hierarchy
methods of political reform
frameworks for economic stability
political and economic ideals
95
131
Large numbers of people migrated
Communist governments were established
Nuclear weapons were developed
Ethnic tensions decreased
96
139
made slavery unacceptable
treated all equally under the law
provided for religious freedom
gave people a set of rules to follow
97
124
kept their countries out of the United Nations
formed communist governments
led nationalist movements in their countries
led their countries during the Cold War
98
122
A-->C-->B-->D
B-->D-->A-->C
B-->C-->D-->A
C-->B-->A-->D
99
33
encourage development through the creation of universities
defend human rights by establishing written codes of law
address economic concerns by lowering tariffs
restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder
100
134
represented early civilizations
experienced large migrations
carried out successful conquests
supported nationalist movements
101
28
governments developed policies of forced migration
ties to extended families increased
many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs
many people moved to rural areas
102
2
stimulated the expansion of trade
supported democratic forms of government
helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders
led to nationalistic movements
103
30
gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas
made advances in mathematics and literature
stressed the importance of dharma and karma
controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast
104
8
allowed elements of capitalism
maintained the democratic process
increased global tensions
strengthened communism
105
58
manufacturing
agriculture
trade
mining
106
93
instituted democratic governments
separated church and state
established public education systems
codified the laws of their empire
107
137
Leaders sometimes use religion as a reason to wage war
Leaders usually become the head of their country's church
Leaders often use religion to unify an empire
Many political leaders encourage religious toleration
108
129
failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons
harsh climatic conditions in Russia
Russian alliances with China
inexperience of French and German military leaders
109
57
The geography of a nation or region influences development
The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest
Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop culture
Major urban centers are only found along rivers.
110
91
established plantation agriculture
promoted art and literature
developed matriarchal societies
allowed universal suffrage
111
22
B-->A-->D-->C
D-->A-->C-->B
A-->B-->C-->D
B-->C-->A-->D
112
123
were land-locked city-states
developed economies based primarily on agriculture
became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade
were centers for Islamic learning
113
40
foreign missionaries were welcomed
political power was more centralized
most wealthy merchants able to attain high social status
emperors were overthrown in coups d'etat
114
68
gunpowder
road system
astrolabe
wheeled carts
115
19
an increased interest in different cultures
the development of slavery
a reduction in trade
the discovery of East Asia
116
86
intervention of coalition military forces
establishment of uniform legal codes
acceptance of new political boundaries
emigration of people from their homelands
117
72
A-->B-->C-->D
C-->B-->A-->D
C-->D-->B-->A
D-->C-->B-->A
118
66
from rural lands to urban areas
across the Atlantic Ocean
for religious freedom
in search of additional food sources
119
81
colonized peoples in the British Empire
groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
peoples without their own state
groups represented on the United Nations Security Council
120
51
indigenous ethnic rivalries
European colonial policies
urban development
religious divisions
121
56
introducing combined ground and naval forces
invading Russia with limited supply lines
invading Great Britain by land
using conquered peoples as slave laborers
122
121
create a totalitarian state
develop modern industries
end foreign control
promote laissez-faire capitalism
123
39
South America - Munich Conference
East Asia - issuing the Balfour Declaration
Central Africa - calling for Crusades by Pope Urban II
Eastern Europe - Berlin Airlift
124
50
determined roles based on gender
enforced different rules for distinct groups of people
allowed for educational opportunities
revolved around cultural religious beliefs
125
106
development of trade with other regions
imperialism in Europe
location in the Middle East
growth of the Ottoman Empire
126
116
stable governments
command economies
cultural isolation
distinct social classes
127
136
established a democratic form of government
expanded the power of labor unions
denied individual rights
sought a classless society
128
16
The Commercial Rev. led to creation of traditional economies
Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.
The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.
The Black Plague led to labor shortages.
129
98
predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle
location on waterways
abundances of natural resources
access to mountain passes
130
107
arid land
Siberian tundra
harsh climate
Caspian Sea
131
92
lack of a common currency
outbreak of war between religious groups
efforts of the middle class to gain power
inability to force back foreign invaders
132
138
cultural diffusion between different societies
the Columbian exchange
elimination of all traditional beliefs
a movement toward decolonization
133
117
supported imperialism
used nonviolent tactics
led a nationalist movement
opposed communism
134
12
dominance of landscape paintings
focus on biblical themes
emphasis on the human form
influence of the West African tradition
135
75
promoted European control over the Americas
became religious leaders of their countries
controlled large areas of land in the Americas
fought for independence from European control
136
85
stimulated interest in other cultures
led to the establishment of colonies
started mass migrations from Europe
resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa
137
14
industrialization
imperialism
nationalism
westernization
138
90
used peaceful methods to achieve their goals
relied on support from the peasants
rejected industrial development
embraced capitalist ideas
139
25
social equality for men and women
unifying religious institutions
political stability
representative forms of government
140
141
established policies of censorship and repression
reformed executive branch by using theocratic principles
liberated the serfs and industrial workers
used televised propaganda to rally the masses
141
26
equalized taxes
limited the power of the monarch
created a theocracy
provided for universal suffrage
142
99
Ethnic, religious differences have been sources of tension
Gender diffferences more powerful than social diffferences
Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.
Economic cooperation can overcome political issues
143
47
occupations were attained by merit
impact on the daily lives of people was minimal
status was determined by education
social mobility was very limited
144
62
strength of nationalist leaders
mediation of the League of Nations
existence of democratic institutions
support of the Catholic Church
145
59
Deserts made invasion possible
The tundra enabled the movement of troops
Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies
The climate created obstacles to success
