What idea did Gestalt Psychology reject?

study elements of conscious experience apart from another

The science of behavior and the mind (cognitive processes)

psychological factors in physical health

What did Gestalt Psychology examine?

the principles that organize perception & conscious experi..

What is naturalistic observation?

recording behavior as it occurs naturally

Originally known as multiple personality disorder

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

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Psychology Final Exam Review (Exam 1)

165 termsStudBud Administration10 plays

Quiz based on notes from Laura Brannon's notes from General Psychology at KSU

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Questions 165

Answers

1
Measured facts/ hypothesized to be affected by the other variable
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
2
What idea did Gestalt Psychology reject?
study elements of conscious experience apart from another
perceptions of motion in movies
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
3
A general style of interacting with the world
Personality
Conversation Style
Interaction Style
Behavior
4
When the members of a sample differ in a systematic way from the larger population
Unbiased Sample
Large-Scale Sample
Biased Sample
Random Sample
5
More favorably rate ourselves on dimension, more important
Self-Concept
Self-Esteem
Self-Serving Tendency
Self-Actualization
6
All of the things we are aware of at any given moment
Post Conscious
Unconscious
Pre Conscious
Conscious
7
Researcher presents stimuli and / or problems:
Self-Reported
Naturalistic Observation
Tests
Observational Method
8
What is Psychology?
The science of mental disorders
The science of behavior and the mind (cognitive processes)
The science of understanding the difference between people
9
Sigmund Freud was influential in Psychoanalysis?
False
True
10
Personality Psychology
Individual differences
The study of developing personailties
11
Postive systems
Things missing
Good vibes
Things present
Organized symptoms
12
Which is not a goal of psychology?
Explanation
Diagnosis
Description
Controlling Behavior
13
What is the A to Albert Ellis's ABC Theory of Emotions?
Aversion
Alleviate
Albert
Activating
14
Tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
Predictive Sense
Overconfidence
Hindsight Bias
Know-it-all
15
biological, sociocultural, & psychological factors combine & interact to produce disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Psychological Disorder
Etiology
Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective
16
Negative systems
Things present
Things missing
Good vibes
disorganized symptoms
17
Collects a set of facts organized into tow or more categories (relationship)
Descriptive Study
Case Study
Correlation Study
Predictive Study
18
Each participant should have equal chance of being in either the experimental or control group
Random Assignment
Random Sample
Experimental Design
Pre-Exisiting Organization
19
Study of behavior especially as they relate to learning responses to stimuli in environment
Structuralism
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychoanalysis
20
Fear of specifics: animals, substances, or situations
Specific Phobias
OCD
Phobias
GAD
21
Means how likely something is to occur
Maybes
Statistic
Probability
Likelihood
22
Health Psychology?
Understanding the difference between physical health & psych
psychological factors in physical health
23
Tendency to deprive ourselfs of present joy due to a unconscious fear of being revealed as fake
Imposter Phenomenon
Depressive Phenonmenon
Deprivation Phenomenon
Joyless Phenonmenon
24
Intense, irrational fear tha may focus on objects, situations, social settings
OCD
Phobias
GAD
Anxiety Disorders
25
Therapy with an emphasis on inner potential for positive growth
Individualistic Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Humanistic Therapy
Progressive Inner Potential Therapy
26
Science does not help build explanations that are consistent and predictive, but conflicts
True
False
27
People disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others
Projection
Rationalization
Displacement
Regression
28
Minimizing expectancy by removing knowledge about experimental conditions
Observer/ Experimenter Expectancy Effect
Subject/Participant Expectancy Effect
Removed Conditions
Blinding
29
Which is not part of personality?
Alter Ego
Superego
Id
Ego
30
Which of the following is science NOT based on:
knowledge of facts
personal opinion
developing theories
testing hypotheses
31
How we deal with anxiety- moving forward, away from, or against others
Carl Jung
Freud
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
32
The perception that one controls one's own fate
Personal Control
Internal Locus of Control
External Locus of Control
Reciprocal Determinism
33
Less, severe but long-lasting depression (at least 2 years)
Depression
Anxiety
Dsythymia
Major Depression
34
What did Gestalt Psychology examine?
How people adapt to their environments
the principles that organize perception & conscious experi..
the difference between humans and animals
How individuals develop psychologically
35
Unrealistic (Illsory) Optimism
Self-Concept
Personal Outcomes
Self-Serving Bias
Unrealistic Expectations
36
Emphasized the collectie unconscious
Freud
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
Carl Jung
37
Importance of striving for superiority
Alfred Adler
Freud
Carl Jung
Karen Horney
38
Disorder: Depression of mood
Bipolar Disorder
Depressive Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Depression
39
What is naturalistic observation?
Observations reported by the behaviories
Problems presented by the researcher
recording behavior as it occurs naturally
relying on participant descriptions
40
A projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interest through stories
Rorschach Inkblot Test
TAT
Projection Test
41
Primary Disturbance is distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce it
Depressive Disorders
Phobias
OCD
Anxiety Disorders
42
Unconsciously switching unacceptable impulses into their opposite
Reaction Formation
Repression
Projection
Regression
43
A widely used system for classifying psychological disoders
Psychologial Disorders
DSM-5
Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective
Etiology
44
False beliefs
Dreams
Delusions
Hallucinations
45
identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of a set of 10 inkblots
Rorschach's Inkblot Test
Projection Test
TAT
46
Operates on the reality principles, satisfying the desires in ways that will bring pleasure
Superego
Id
Ego
Alter Ego
47
Industrial/ Organizational Psychology
The differences between industrial and organization psych
Job satisfaction
How to organize industrial psychological ideas
advanced processes of psychology
48
Originally known as multiple personality disorder
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Global Amnesia
Anxiety Disorder
GAD
49
Concentrate on observable stimuli and response
Direct Observation
Observing
Indirect observation
Behavior Therapy
50
Catatonic Behavior
Disorganized behavior
Inflexibility
Destructive behavior
Unresponsiveness
51
All thoughts and feelings about ourselves
Self-Esteem
Self-Concept
Self-Actualization
Unconditional Positive Regard
52
According to Freud- An in accessible warehouse of anxiety-producing thoughts and drives
Post Conscious
Unconscious
Pre conscious
Conscious
53
Developmental Psychology
psychological change over the life span
How psychology helps a person develop
the reasons individuals change over time
54
What is the positive aspect of random assignment
You don't have to take the time to assign people to groups
No real organizational methods
minimizes similarities between groups
minimizes pre-existing differences between groups
55
What is structuralism?
How to structure psychological disorders
basic components and structures of unconcious experience
Basic components & strucutres of conscious experience
56
Viewing success as ability & effort; failure as bad luck, task difficulty
Self-Serving Tendency
Self-Actualization
Self-Serving Bias
Self-Concept
57
The controlled / manipulated factor in an experiment
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
58
What is the definition of behavior?
How people act
Observable actions of a person or animal
The way people communicate nonverbally
The way people interact
59
Psychology has multiple perspectives each with a different focus
True
False
60
Used in cases of severe, unrelenting depression (not first resort)
ECT
drugs
Anti-depressants
Lithium
61
What is Functionalism?
importance of learning to function psychologically
How to function in society
How behavior functions allow people and animals to adapt
62
Positive behaviors and abilites
False Uniqueness
False Consensus Effect
Self-Serving Bias
Unrealistic (Illusory) Optimism
63
Questionnaire which asks about a wide range of feelings and behaviors
Personailty
Trait
Extroverted
Personality Inventory
64
A theory does not:
Explain facts
create facts
makes predictions about new facts
65
A test that provides ambiguous stimuli design to trigger projection of need and motivations
Projective Test
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
66
Global amnesia with identity replacement
Dissociative Fugue
Global Amnesia
Dissociative Amnesia
Amnesia
67
psycholo need that arises after other basic needs are met motivation to fulfill one's potential
Humanistic Perspective
Self-Actualization
Self-Esteem
Unconditional Positive Regard
68
Procedures in which people rate or describe their own behavior or mental state
Self-Reported
Test observation
Naturalistic Observation
Observational Method
69
Which one is not one of Roger's three conditions?
Genuieness
Harmony
Acceptance
Empathy
70
Internalized ideals and moral standards
Id
Alterego
Ego
Superego
71
Told about purpose of experiment when it is finished
informed consent
debriefing
reasonable protection of participant
right to privacy
72
Emotion Stability, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Sonscientiousness are:
The "Big Five" Personality Factors
Stable Character Traits
Qualities of mentally stable individuals
Unstable Character Traits
73
People rechannel their unacceptable impulses into socially approed activities
Projection
Repression
Displacement
Sublimation
74
Opinions, failures and negative behaviors
Self-Serving Bias
Unrealistic (Illusory) Optimism
False Uniqueness
False Consensus Effect
75
Psychobiologists
Brain behavior
the study of biologists
the psychology of biology
76
Who said "The whole is greater than the sum of it's parts"?
Freud
Wundt
James
Kohler
77
Participant knows design and tries to produce expected results
Subject / Participant Expectancy Effect
Observer / Experimenter Expectancy Effect
78
What is the definition of science?
that class that had experiments
The reliable study of the physical world around us
An objective way to answer questions
79
Direct way to test a hypothesis about a cause-effect relationship between factors
Theory
Experiments
Observational Study
80
Disorder in which the person exhibits lack of conscience for doing wrong, towards friends/fam
Obliviousness
Depression Disorder
Social Destruction
Antisocial Personality Disoder
81
Characteristic pattern on behavior/ disposition to feel and act
Introverted
Personality
Personality Inventory
Trait
82
Information that is not conscious, but is retrivable into the conscious awareness
Conscious
Unconscious
Post Conscious
Pre Conscious
83
What is clinical psychology?
psychologist vs psychiatrist
Solely medically based psychology
treatment of physical psych symptoms
abnormal behavior & psychological disorders
84
Test Developed by testing from a pool and then selecting those that discriminate between groups
The "Big Five" Factors
MMPI
Personality Inventory
Empirically Derived Test
85
Common sense can be inconsistent and based on hindsight.
True
False
86
When both participants and experimenter ae kept uniformed about aspects of the study
Double-Blind
Triple-Blind
Blinding
Single-Blind
87
Helpless terror, high physiological arousel
OCD
GAD
Panic Disorders
Specific Phobias
88
Shifting sexual or aggresive impulses toward an acceptable or less threatening object or person
Displacement
Repression
Sublimation
Regression
89
One's feelings of high or low self-worth
Self-Concept
Unconditional Positive Regard
Self-Esteem
Self-Actualization
90
Anonymous or confidential responses
Informed Consent
Blinding
Reasonable protection of participant
Right to Privacy
91
What is the prediction of new facts / can be verified or falsified?
Field Research
Facts
Theory
Hypothesis
92
Given enough information to decide if they want to participate in the study or not
Reasonable Protection of Participant
Informed Consent
Right to Privacy
Debriefing
93
Statistical inferences: Significant result
low probability
reflects the real world rather than chance
< 95
reflects chance rather than the real world
94
Method of exploring the unconscious
Free Association
Freudian Slip
Psychoanalysis
Preconscious Theory
95
A correlation by itself can prove a causation.
True
False
96
Definition of a Psychological Disorders
Primary disturbance is distressing, persistent anxiety
Assumes that factors combine & interact to produce disorders
a widely used system for classifying
A harmful dysfunction in which behavior is judged to be
97
Experiemental Psychology
Basic laboratory focus
the only psychology that uses experiments
does not pay attention to humans or animals
this is not real
98
Theory that attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts
Psychoanalysis
Freudian Slip
Free Association
Preconscious Theory
99
Unconscious feelings about person in their life experienced as feelings toward therapist
Insight
Resistance
Transference
Cure
100
When was psychology developed?
18th century
17th century
19th-20th
21st century
101
Researcher has expectations that influence measurements
Subject / Participant Expectancy Effect
Observer /Experimenter Expectancy Effect
102
Which is not a type of self-reported data method:
Test
Show of hands
Questionaries
103
Diffuse, vague feelings of fear and apprehension
Phobia
Depression
Anxiety
OCD
104
A statement of procedures used to define research variables:
Intelligence Operational
Research Strategy
Operational Definition
105
Who was influential in Functionalism?
Freud
Kohler
Wundt
James
106
Researchers directly observe & record behavior rather than relying on participant descriptions
Tests
Observational Method
Naturalistic Observation
Self-Reported
107
An attitude of total acceptance toward another person
Love
Acceptance
Unconditional Postive Regard
108
irrational disturbing thoughts with repetitive actions to alleviate those thoughts
Anxiety Disorder
GAD
OCD
Phobias
109
When participants are kept uniformed as to the treatment they are receiving
Triple-Blind
Double-Blind
Single-Blind
Blinding
110
Symptoms: sadness, worthlessness, changes in eating/sleep, suicidal thoughts or behavior
Anxiety
Bipolar
Depression
DID
111
What is the definition of mind (cognitive processes)?
What goes through someone's mind at a given time
Menal behavior
unobervable mental processes
The way people think
112
An technique where one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Predictive Study
Case Study
Correlation Study
Descriptive Study
113
Disorder: cycling between depression and mania (extreme euphoria)
Anxiety Disorders
Bipolar Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Mood Disorder
114
Depression results from a pattern of thinking
Bipolar Disorders
Hopelessness Theory
Major Depression
Mood disorders
115
Operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification
Id
Super Ego
Ego
Alter Ago
116
Retreating to a more infantile psychosexual stage of development
Repression
Reaction Formation
Projection
Regression
117
Cyclical Disorders
Mood
Bipolar
Anxiety
Depression
118
Who was influential in Behaviorism?
Watson
James
Wundt
Kohler
119
What is the B to Albert Ellis's ABC Theory of Emotions
Believe
Belief
Besides
Bring
120
Who rejected the study of mental processes because they're not directly observable?
Kohler
Freud
Watson
Wundt
121
False sensory experiences
Dreams
Delusions
Hallucinations
122
Common sense and intuition often tell us about psychology.
False
True
123
Examples of cognitive processes?
gesturing in conversation
thoughts, feelings, memories
124
What is Psychoanalysis?
Behavior influenced by childhood & unconscious conflicts
the analysis of psychos
How people become psychotic
125
Educational Psychology
How to teach psychology
Same as School Psychology
learning and teaching
Education of what psychology is
126
Focused on growth and fulfillment of individuals w/ three conditions
Kohler
Wundt
Rogers
Maslow
127
Social Psychology
how people socialize
social influences on thinking and behavior
why people socialize
studying social settings
128
What is the C to Albert Ellis's ABC theory of emotion?
Concept
Consecutive
Conscious
Consequence
129
A Descriptive Study does NOT:
Does not predict what may influence the facts
Looks for relationships between facts
Describe a set of facts
Does not look for relationships between facts
130
The idea that we tend to think we know more than we actually do.
Know-it-all
Hindsight Bias
Overconfidence
131
Strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives
Alter Ego
Ego
Id
Superego
132
In real-world setting, poor control over conditions, measurements more accurate of reality
Laboratory
Research Setting
Experimental Methods
Field Research
133
Statistical Inferences: Non-Significant
Reflects the real world rather than chance
results reflect chance
> 95
High probability
134
Person suddenly becomes aware of some aspect of their identity or history
Panic Disorder
Phobias
GAD
Dissociative Disorders
135
Mediates among the demands of the Id, Superego, and Ego
Id
Alter Ego
Ego
Super Ego
136
Basic defense mechanism that eliminates anxiety
Regression
Repression
Projection
Depression
137
Prolonged, severe depression
Anxiety
Major Depression
Dsythymia
Depression
138
Descriptive statistics that summarize a data set
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive Statistics
139
Ego's way of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality
Defense Mechanisms
Unconscious Distorting
Delusion
Daydreaming
140
What do psychobiologits often use as research models?
insects
the human brain
clay models
animals
141
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control determine one's fate
Personal Control
Social-Cognitive Perspective
Internal Locus of Control
External Locus of Control
142
Who studied self-actualization processes of productive and healthy people
Wundt
Rogers
Maslow
Freud
143
How many goals of Psychology are there?
5
6
8
3
144
What did Wundt use to study cognitive processes?
Experiments
Analysis
Introspection
Person Experience
145
Designed for research, uniform conditions, permits elimiation of irrelevant factors
Field Research
Laboratory
Research Setting
Experimental Methods
146
You do not have to consider all perspectives to completely understand any phenomena.
False
True
147
What is an example of a modern perspective in Psychology?
Having multiple perspectives
being extremely conservative
being extremely liberal
148
More/ less constant worry about many issues/ interferes with functioning
Phobia
Anxiety Disorder
OCD
GAD
149
School Psychology
the study of social circles in schools
counseling & guidance in school settings
How school infleuences people psychologically
150
Facts do not need to be explained
True
False
151
A statistical measure to which two factors vary together & how well they predict the other
Indicated Strength
Indicated Direction
Correlation Coefficient
Coefficient Correlation
152
The resignation a person learns when unable to avoid repeated unpleasant events
Internal Locus of Control
Self-Concept
Learned Helplessness
External Locus of Control
153
Each member of the population being studied has an equal chance of being selected for the study
Pre-existing Organization
Random Sample
Random Assignment
Experimental Design
154
Cognitive Psychology
Human memory, perception, high-level processes
how to control brain behavior
non-experimental
the mind
155
Selective memory loss often surrounding tramatic events
Dissociative Amnesia
Dissociatve Identity Disorder
Dissociative Fugue
Phobia
156
Our sense of controlling our environments rather than feeling helpful
Social-Cognitive Perspectives
Personal Control
External Locus of Control
Reciprocal Determinism
157
Offering excuses in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one's reactions
Rationalization
Displacement
Projection
Repression
158
Treatment used for bad habits like- drinking, smoking, gambling
Aversion Treatment
Bad Habits Treatment
Detention
Exposure Treatment
159
Most widely researched and used personality test
The "Big Five" factors
Personality Inventory
MMPI
Empirically Derived Test
160
People disturb themselves with their own thoughts
Depression Therapy
Humanistic Therapy
Persistent thought therapy
Cognitive Therapy
161
Slips of the tongue give insight into the unconscious
Free Association
Psychoanalysis
Preconscious Theory
Freudian Slip
162
combine imagery of feared objects with relaxation
Exposure Treatment
Relaxation Treatment
Overcoming Fear Treatment
Combination Treatment
163
The interacting influences between personality and environment factors
Reciprocal Deterinism
Social-Cognitive Perspective
External Locus of Control
Personal Control
164
Counseling Psychology?
How to be a therapist
Fixing marriages and family issues
dealing with normal life situations
provides guidance
165
Minds attempt to keep from bringing unconscious to conscious
Cure
Resistance
Insight
Transference

Psychology Final Exam Review (Exam 1) Flashcards | StudBud