stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
EDS 118 Final Practice Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
EDS 118 Final Practice
EDS 118 Final Practice
146 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
11 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
146 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
146
Answers
1
Feeling discriminated against can result in which of the following?
depression
lower acheivement
conduct problems
all of the above
2
Where are trauma response and memory stored?
hippocampus
hypothalamus
The amygdala
prefrontal cortex
3
What theory argues that both cultural and material factors influence achievement and are interrelated
Bioecological Model
Social Capital Theory
Socio-cultural Theory
Social Control Threory
4
Hostile Attribution Bias...
causes others to perceive them as unsafe, leading to further unpopularity
All of the above
is common among unpopular aggressive adolescents
part of a cognitive interpretation that leads to aggression
5
What theory suggests that the clustering of problems stem from underlying weakness in one's attachment to society
Self-Determination
Social Capital
Self-Efficacy
Social Control
6
The ability to understand someone else's mental state is
Multi-dimensional thinking
Mentalizing
All of the above
Theory of Mind
7
Which of the following is an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?
call on affluent or white students more
all of the above
Giving undeserved praise to students who have done poor work
set high expectations for their students
8
What are the central aspects of trauma-informed care?
all of the above
coping
connections
safety
9
What are promotive factors?
positive individual variables
positive social variables
all of the above
positive contextual variables
10
What is behavioral autonomy?
The capacity to establish independent values, opinions and beliefs
The capacity to make independent decisions and to follow through with them
The capacity to influence other people's behavior
The capacity to act free of external influences
11
The effect of hormones during puberty is a greater influence than environmental factors in developing gender identity
True
False
12
Who is going to get an A+ on the exam?
We're all gonna fail :(
We all are!
13
Autonomy is a lifelong pursuit
True
False
14
What cognitive changes occur in regard to sexuality during adolescnce?
Development of self-consciousness as a sexual partner.
all of the above
Hypothetical thinking about sexual situations.
Making assumptions about others’ sexual interests.
15
There are smaller ethnic differences in sexual initiation for females than males
False
True
16
A liaison is...
a person belonging to a clique and a crowd
a person who interacts with clique members, but is not part of one
someone who have few or no links to others in their network
belong to multiple cliques
17
Recent immigrants scoring higher on levels of adjustment that those in same ethnic group living in US for generations is
a self-fulfilling prophecy
The Immigrant Paradox
an effect of ethnic socialization
a consequence of discrimination
18
Jacob is amazing for making this incredible study tool
False
True
19
What is the difference between feeling discriminated against by teachers vs peers?
Neither of these effects
By teachers worse mental health, by peers worse school performance
By teachers poorer school performance, by peers worse mental health
The effects are the same
20
Autonomy is
abrupt
interchangeable with independence
acting, thinking, and feeling independently
about rebellion and breaking away from family and society
21
Ethnic socialization generally focuses on which themes?
understanding and valuing one's culture
dealing with racism
all of the above
succeeding in mainstream society
22
What differentiates bullying from discrimination?
None of the above
Its repetitive nature
Intent of the perpetraor
The power imbalance between perpetrator and victim
23
a person’s belief in how life is going is called
Sense of Identity
Resiliency
Self-determination
Subjective well-being
24
How does sexual behavior develop from childhood to adolescence?
Sexual activity becomes deliberate rather than incidental
Feelings of arousal emerge
It remains the same
First sexual activity occurs
25
Individuals who have most of their interactions with the same clique are?
Members
Isolates
None of the above
Liasons
26
Ethnic identity is typically weakest in which of the following groups
Black
Asian
Latino
White
27
Denial, Avoidance, Cognitive reframing are examples of what?
first appraisal
secondary coping strategies
resiliency
second appraisal
28
Individuals experience stress when the demands on them (stressors) exceed their resources
False
True
29
Being popular
comes with more disadvantages than disadvanatages
have less close and intimate relationships due to jealousy
comes with advantages that outweigh the disadvantages
results in the same outcomes as being unpopular
30
A person who identifies as a gender different than their biological sex is referred to as?
Transgender
Homosexual
Non-binary
Gender Fluid
31
What are the factors that effect our ability to cope?
all of the above
number of stressors
using more effective coping strategies
access to resources
32
Cliques are often where peer bullying and victimization occurs
False
True
33
What term describes the incoherent, disjointed, incomplete sense of self typical of not resolving the identity crisis?
Psychosocial Moratorium
Identity diffusion
Negative Identity
Identity Foreclosure
34
According to resiliency theory, what is the difference between assets and resources?
Assets are more valuable than resources
Assets are external whereas resources are internal
Assets are internal whereas resources are external
The two terms refer to the same things
35
The development of a coherent identity is the same for minority and non-minority adolescents
False
True
36
Which factors are the greatest influences on adolescent violence?
Experiences in family and community
Videogames
Violent imagery in television
Peer groups
37
How well-liked an individual is is called
Relational popularity
Sociometric popularity
Characteristic popularity
Perceived popularity
38
What is FOMO?
All of the above
A negative consequence of social media use
the fear of missing out
the excessive worry that other are having rewarding experiences without you
39
Identity foreclosure involves adopting an identity that is perceived as undesirable by significant others and society.
True
False
40
When an individual acts out of a desire for external rewards and/or a fear of punishment, they are responding to
intrinsic motivation
extrinsic motivation
Controlled motivation
41
Losing virginity outside a romantic relationship has no negative psychological repercussions.
True
False
42
How we interpret or react to an event can often have a more powerful impact on our stress level than the event itself
False
True
43
Having positive attitudes about one's own ethnic group is correlated with positive interracial relations
False
True
44
The aspect of individuals' sense of identity concerning ancestry or racial group membership is?
Racial Identity
Ethnic Identity
Social Identity
National Identity
45
Which of the following is true of multi-ethnic youth?
it can be challenging to develop a consistent ethnic identity
may have a view of their identity that doesnt match their classmate's views
many multi/ethnic adolescents change their racial identity over time
all of the above
46
The process through which a person develops an understanding of their ethnic/racial background is referred to as
biculturalism
racial development
ethnic socialization
identity achievement
47
Self determination is
interchangeable with autonomy
a privilege of the affluent
Choosing and establishing an identity
The ability/process of making one's own choices and controlling one's life
48
Lower levels of engagement are associated with
all of the above
lower grades
higher rates of school dropout
lower test scores
49
What is precocious sex?
Not having sex
Sex with too many partners
Having sex at a later age
Sex at too young an age
50
When do individuals integrate ethnic identity into their personal identity?
adulthood
Childhood
late adolescnec
early adolescence
51
What results in high levels of intrinsic motivation?
Autonomy
All of the above
Self-Efficacy
Agency
52
How do peer groups change during adolescence?
Adolescents retain the tendency to associate with same-sex peers
Increase in the amount of time individuals spend with peers.
Most adolescents leave their peer group for a new one
Peer groups typically remain small
53
What percentage of 18 year olds have had vaginal or oral sex?
60%
80%
70%
50%
54
High achievement expectations from parents protects students against self-fulfilling prophecies
True
False
55
School opportunities and puberty result in which of the following?
Choosing which peer group to belong to
Increasingly more contact between males and females
Joining a crowd
Joining a clique
56
What are the impacts of having race as a central part of one's identity?
neither
increased sensitivity to discrimination
both
increased ability to cope with discrimination
57
How many highschool students are engaged?
1/2
1/5
1/4
1/6
58
The development of ethnic identity is affected by the context in which an adolescent lives
True
False
59
Which of the following is true of out-of-school influences on student engagement?
peer groups have little to no impact
involved parents who promote academic success facilitate engagement
all of the above
socioeconomic status is an important influence on engagement
60
Victimization can result in
lower academic performance, attendance, and engagement
victims bulling others
Increases anxiety and risk of depression
all of the above
61
Crowds...
Allow true friendships to form between members
Where bullying and victimization occur
Are generally same-sex and age
Help solidify social and personal identity
62
Which group's members engage in sex at the youngest age?
White boys
Asian girls
Black Boys
Latino girls
63
Unpopular adolescents tend to be
all of the above
withdrawn
agressive
agressive and withdrawn
64
The psychosocial moratorium is when
individuals can experiment with different personalities and identities
has committed to an identity
an individual has not made a commitment and does not intent to
have made identity commitments without exploration
65
Self-conceptions is the collection of traits and attributes that individuals use to describe or characterize themselves
True
False
66
Which of the following is an autoerotic sexual activity?
Fooling around
Kissing
Erotic fantasies
All of the above
67
Which theory states that our experience of stress is ultimately a system of appraisal, response, and adaptation
Coping Theory
Social Capital
Self-Determination
Identity Theory
68
Social communication online creates
negative experiences/outcomes
both
positive experiences/outcomes
neither
69
Adolescents are more likely to...
have friends from the same social class but a different ethnic group
have friends of the same ethnicity but from different social classes
70
The establishment of adult-like close relationships with family and friends is
Cognitive autonomy
Psychosocial development
Behavioral autonomy
Emotional autonomy
71
What is the feeling that one can successfully produce desired outcomes?
Self-Efficacy
Social Control
Future Orientation
Competency
72
Autonomy is the need to experience behavior as voluntary
True
False
73
Who often shows hesitancy, has low self-esteem, and lacks confidence making them a target for bullies?
Unpopular aggressive adolescnets
Unpopular withdrawn adolescents
All of the above
Agressive isolates
74
How can teachers promote positive class climates?
Adopt authoritarian teaching styles
By being supportive, yet demand high expectations
Assigning task-oriented work
Strict rules and harsh consequences
75
What is the most important factor in adolescents' self-esteem?
Academic performance
Physical Appearance
Athletic Ability
Popularity
76
What leads adolescents to develop stronger feelings about their identity?
presence of adults of the same ethnic group
discrimination based on ethnicity/race/national origin
frequent contact with peers from same ethnic group
exposure to other ethnic groups
77
Whether one is sexually attracted to individuals of the same sex, other sex, or both is referred to as?
Gender Identity
Sexual Arousal
Sexual orientation
Sexual attraction
78
What term describes having sex with too many partners?
Celibacy
Promiscuous sex
Abstinence
Precocious sex
79
Intimate relationships are characterized by
love, arousal, desire, attraction
Openness, honesty, self-disclosure, trust
relatedness, autonomy, agency, self-esteem
self-awareness, communication, meaningfulness, security
80
The various identities an adolescent might imagine for him or herself is?
Mentalizing
Possible selves
Hypothetical thinking
Future orientation
81
Peer victimization causes adolescents to develop emotional problems which often leads to more victimization.
False
True
82
Prior to 100 years ago, interactions and advice were mostly from/with adults and family members
True
False
83
A coping strategy in which the individual attempts to change the stressor is called a primary coping strategy
False
True
84
Who experiences more negative effects of not acting in accordance with traditional gender roles?
Boys
Girls
Both experience the same negative outcomes
Neither experience negative outcomes
85
Which of the following is an instance that supports the gender intensification hypothesis?
A boy deciding to wear his older sister's clothes
A girl who expresses the desire to be a mother and caretaker
A girl who becomes more religious with age
A boy who decides to enroll in an honors class
86
What is negative identity?
adopting an identity that is perceived as undesirable by others and society
premature establishment of identity before sufficient role experimentation
a period of identity exploration
incoherent, disjointed, incomplete sense of self
87
When do truly intimate relationships begin to develop?
Early adulthood
Adolescence
Late adulthood
Childhood
88
Being unpopular has which of the following consequences
Academic difficulties
All of the above
Depression
Behavior problems
89
Who one would like to be is called?
True Self
Feared Self
False Self
Ideal self
90
What marks the capacity for sexual reproduction?
Beginning of sexual activity
Puberty
Feelings of sexual arousal
Marriage
91
Belief in one's own ability (self-efficacy) is vital in resiliency
False
True
92
Cliques are very stable over the course of the school year
True
False
93
Which of the following is true of crowds?
Adolescents change crowds frequently
Crowds share norms with larger society and culture
Crowds are typically no larger than 12 adolesncents
Adolescents incorporate crowd membership into their identity
94
What are the aspects of positive sexuality in adolescence?
all of the above
Understanding that sex is voluntary and accepting feelings of arousal
Practicing safe sex
Being comfortable with one's maturing body
95
Our experience of stress is ultimately a system of what?
trial and error
appraisal, response, and adaptation
exploration, commitment, reconsideration
none of the above
96
Social Capital can take the form of
Participation in community
Knowing cultural/societal norms/rules
Relationships/Networks
All of the above
97
Aggressive behavior that is deliberate and planned is called?
Instrumental Agression
None of the above
Reactive Agression
Relational Agression
98
A group by which one judges/compares themself is a...
Role model group
Reference group
Peer group
Crowd
99
What is unsafe sex?
All of the above
Having sex at too young an age
having sex with too many partners
Sex that can result in STIs or pregnancy
100
Which of the following are signs of establishing intimate relationships?
Increasing importance of peers (romantic and otherwise)
Pubery
Advances in social cognition
All of the above
101
What do individuals do doing the second appraisal?
attempt to deal with the situation itself
evaluate their available coping options and/or resources
change the relationship with the situation to reduce the stress it causes
all of the above
102
Trauma is defined as escapable stressful event that overwhelms people’s existing coping mechanisms
True
False
103
Identity achievement is when an individual has established a coherent sense of identity that they have committed to
False
True
104
Cliques are...
generally same sex and same age
all of the above
the main social context for social interactions
between 2 and 12 friends
105
Most adults approve of adolescent sex
True
False
106
Engagement improves when
students feel a sense of belonging to their school
students display competency
all of the above
students are assigned authentic work
107
Individuals who are actively seeking information and approaching identity-related decisions with an open mind are...
informationally oriented
commitment oriented
diffuse/avoidant oriented
normatively oriented
108
the extent to which individuals feel secure about who they are and who they are becoming refers to
Self-Conception
Self-Determination
Sense of Identity
Sense of Self
109
The tendency to interpret ambiguous interactions with others as deliberately hostile is called
Threat Response Dysregulation
Hostile Attribution Bias
Trauma Response
Emotional Volatility
110
What is the most consistent sex-based difference between boys and girls?
Levels of sexual acitivity
Gender Identity
Types of agression
Sexual orientation
111
What is true of identity development between boys and girls?
Girls have an easier time developing their identiy
Identity development is the same among boys and girls
Boys lag behind, but catch up by late adolesence
Girls lag behind, but catch up eventually
112
A strong ethnic identity and an awareness of the potential for discrimination while involved with mainstream culture is
Racial Socialization
Biculturalism
Multi-ethnicism
Public Regard
113
Peer groups function with less adult supervision during adolescence than in childhood.
True
False
114
When do most adolescents discuss safe sex/contraceptives?
Never
After sex
During sex
Before sex
115
The strongest predictor of student engagement is students' perception of autonomy
True
False
116
How can one be more successful in the early stages of ethnic development?
adapting to fit the society in which they live
learning to respond to racism and value their culture
being sensitive to discrimination
academic performance
117
Reactive aggression is
most common type of agression
unplanned and impulsive
often a response to bullying
all of the above
118
Which is true of popularity?
Popular adolescents are more socially skilled
All of the above
There is variability among popular teenagers in characteristics
Trends in who is popular changes
119
What is the most consistent factor in abstaining from sex until after age 18?
Having received sex education
Gender identity
Sexual Orientation
Strong religious commitment
120
Adolescents' choice of friends both influences and is influenced by their traits and interests
False
True
121
A small tight nit group of friends is referred to as?
Crowds
Ethnic group
Peer Groups
Cliques
122
What is Relatedness/Connectedness?
the connection and coherency of traits that make up ones sense of self
the similarity between an individual and their family and friends
the experience of feeling close and connected to others
how closely related ones true self and ideal self is
123
The extent to which an individual can think about the potential consequences of decisions and choices is
Possible Selves
Hypothetical Thinking
Future Orientation
Mentalizing
124
Having a strong ethnic identity is associated with lower self-esteem, weaker self-efficacy, and worse mental health
False
True
125
According to Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic human needs?
Identity Achievement, Psychosocial Moratorium, Exploration
Autonomy, Engagement, Authenticity
Competence, Autonomy, Relatedness
Sense of Identity, Self-Conception, Sense of Self
126
When individuals assess the (dis)balance between resources and stressors it is referred to as
Second Appraisal
Secondary Strategy
First Appraisal
Primary Strategy
127
Cliques are typically composed of people who share which traits?
interests, academic performance, shared activities
antisocial behavior, risk-taking, delinquency, sexual activity
age,race/ethnicity, socioeconomic background, sex(early/middle adolescence)
religion, national origin, values
128
What is engagement?
How many assignments are completed and turned in on time
How involved in extracurriculars a student is
The level of student participation in class
The extent to which students are committed to learning/mastering material
129
Cognitive Autonomy is the establishment of an independent set of values, opinions, and beliefs
False
True
130
Reputation-based clusters that are based on reputation or stereotypes are?
Crowds
Cliques
Ethnic groups
Peer groups
131
Prejudice and discrimination often motivates development of ethnic identity
False
True
132
Erickson focused on which problems in identity development
Negative Identity
all of the above
Identity diffusion
Identity foreclosure
133
Which of the following is NOT an internalizing disorder?
Phobias
Anxiety
Depression
Antisocial Behavior
134
False self-behavior is linked to worse mental health b/c individuals don’t feel like others accept their true identity
True
False
135
Which is true of cofigurative cultures?
Occur in societies where change is happening quickly
All of the above
Came into existence in the past 100 years
Culture in which young people are socialized by adults and by each other
136
What is the average age of sexual intercourse in US?
16
18
15
17
137
Repeated exposure to violent imagery in television leads to aggressive behavior in children and youth
False
True
138
What model/theory is characterized by racial centrality, private regard, and public regard?
Intersectionality
Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity
Ethnic Socialization
Biculturalism
139
Aggressive teens are always unpopular
True
False
140
Challenges of dealing with issues related to identity, intimacy, and sexuality are greater for sexual minority teens
False
True
141
What is racial centrality?
how an individual think others feel about their race
how an individual feels about being a member of their race
how important race is to the society/culture one is a part of
how important race is in defining one's identity
142
What is multi-ethnicism?
Identifying with an ethnicity or race other than your own
Belonging to a different ethnic/racial group than your parents
Having parents with different national origins
Having parents who are not from the same ethnic/racial group
143
Adolescents spending more time with larger collectives of peers is a result of what?
All of the above
Psychosocial development
Multidimensional thinking
Changes in social definitions
144
Peer groups are...
Everyone a person interacts with
Groups of individuals of approximately the same age
The same as crowds
The same as cliques
145
well-being includes having positive emotions, satisfaction with life, fulfillment, and positive functioning
True
False
146
Relational Aggression
often makes one less popular
is more common among boys than girls
is considered unacceptable by many adolescents
are acts to harm through manipulation of their relationships with others
