Which of the following occurs in the immediate fight-or-flight response to danger or fear?

An increase in glucose catabolism.

Which of these represents the net equation for complete aerobic respiration?

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP

What direction is DNA and copied in?

DNA is read from 3' to 5' and copied from 5' to 3'

Which of the following is NOT true?

Enzymes are used up after catalyzing a reaction

Aerobic respiration does not take place without oxygen available, because oxygen

is the terminal electron acceptor in respiration

Which is not true of glycolysis?

it takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

How do you generate an action potential? 2 answers!

reach a certain level of depolarization, activate a threshold

The "sodium-potassium pump" pumps ___________.

sodium ions out and potassium ions in

The tertiary structure and function of a polypeptide is principally determined by the:

interactions between amino acids present in the polypeptide

Which of these do mitosis and binary fission have in common?

Daughter cells have the same # of chromosomes as parent cell

a circular piece of DNA found in prokaryotes

How we go from one species to two species.

How can one organism have greater relative fitness than another organism?

leaving more fertile descendants

The infoldings of the inner-membrane of the mitochondria have the purpose of

increasing surface area for ATP production

The primary function of the golgi apparatus is the

processing of large molecules such as proteins and lipids

studbud

Duplicate of AP Biology Exam Review!

79 termsStudBud Administration4 plays

A bunch of questions to review some main points from throughout the year! Warning: These questions are not in the AP format-- this will help you review (some) content, not practice with AP MC Questions. Good luck! You can do it! #APBiology #APExamReview

Flashcards79 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 79

Answers

1
Which of the following occurs in the immediate fight-or-flight response to danger or fear?
An increase in glucose catabolism.
An increase in digestive activity.
Release of ACTH from the pituary gland.
An increase in glycogen synthesis.
2
Which of these represents the net equation for complete aerobic respiration?
glucose → carbon dioxide + ATP
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP
glucose → pyruvate + lactic acid + alcohol + ATP
pyruvate + oxygen → carbon dioxide + oxygen + ATP
3
The letter representing oxygen is
Y
X
W
Z
4
What 2 energy carrying molecules are produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis?
ADP and ATP
NADP+ and ATP
NADPH and ATP
NADP+ and ATP
5
In the absence of oxygen, the cell's ability to convert the stored energy of glucose to ATP
is greatly decreased
is unchanged
is greatly increased
is limited to a max of 38 ATP per glucose molecule
6
Methylation and acetylation can turn off or on genes from environmental factors. This is called
expression
translation
transcription
epigenetics
7
A cluster of related genes that can be controlled by a single on/off switch in prokaryotes:
transcript
repressor
operon
operator
8
What direction is DNA and copied in?
DNA is read from 5' to 3' and copied from 3' to 5'
DNA is read from 3' to 5' and copied from 5' to 3'
DNA is read at 3' and copied at 5'
DNA can't read, duh.
9
Which of the following is NOT true?
Most enzymes are proteins
Prokaryotic cells and viruses do not use enzymes
Enzymes only work inside of cells
Enzymes are used up after catalyzing a reaction
10
Colorblind man and woman who is a carrier have a child: What % of children are CB Female?
0%
100%
25%
50%
11
Aerobic respiration does not take place without oxygen available, because oxygen
is essential for the formation of carbon dioxide
is the terminal electron acceptor in respiration
is present in alcohol and lactic acid
is necessary for glycolysis
12
When a bond results from the transfer of electrons b/w atoms, a(n) _____ bond that has formed.
covalent
ionic
metallic
nuclear
13
Term for paired, non-identical chromosomes that contain the same genes?
somatic chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
sex chromosomes
heterologous chromosomes
14
Which is not true of glycolysis?
it breaks glucose into pyruvate
it takes place in cytoplasm (cytosol)?
it takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
it produces two net ATP
15
How do you generate an action potential? 2 answers!
send a certain amount of electrical charge
reach a certain level of depolarization
a certain transmitter activates it
activate a threshold
16
Which of these changes might increase the rate of the reaction beyond point C?
decrease the temperature
add more water
add more enzyme
add more substrate
17
In cell-mediated immunity, helper-T cells recruit the help of which type of cells?
macrophages
B Cells
cytotoxic T cells
plasma cells
18
Man who is colorblind (X linked) has children with carrier woman. Chance of having normal son?
0%
25%
50%
75%
19
The resting potential indicates that the inside of the neuron is _____ compared to the outside.
under ionic pressure
negative
inactive
positive
20
"Crossing over" between maternal and paternal chromosomes takes place during
fertilization
meiosis II
mitosis
meiosis I
21
The "sodium-potassium pump" pumps ___________.
both sodium and potassium ions in
sodium ions in and potassium ions out
both sodium and potassium ions out
sodium ions out and potassium ions in
22
What stage of mitosis is depicted by the image shown?
prophase
anaphase
metaphase
telophase
23
In the following image, the phospholipid bilayer
Is labeled "D"
is labeled "B"
is labeled "C"
Is labeled "A"
24
You are type O negative blood. Who can you give blood to?
O neg only.
everyone.
o neg and o pos only.
no one.
25
Which of the following is not normally a function of proteins in healthy cells?
functioning as enzymes
a component of cell membranes
long term energy storage
helping to make up ribosomes
26
With an action potential, the voltage-gated channels open, allowing ____ to flow into the axon.
sodium ions
all of the above
H+ ions
potassium
27
The process by which cells expel, or secrete, large molecules is known as
phagocytosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
pinocytosis
28
The axon conducts nerve impulses _______ the cell body.
away from
both towards and away from
around, bypassing
towards
29
The bonds between atoms in organic molecules such as sugars, fats and proteins are
metallic bonds
nuclear bonds
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
30
The tertiary structure and function of a polypeptide is principally determined by the:
interactions between amino acids present in the polypeptide
length of the polypeptide
number of nucleotides present in the polypeptide
repeated units of glycerol making up the polypeptide
31
Post-zygotic barriers do not include:
zygote mortality
mechanical incompatibility
hybrid sterility
hybrid viability
32
Which letter allows substances to move from an area of higher conc. to an area of lower conc.?
B
A
C
D
33
The frequency of individuals with the recessive phenotype in a H-W population is 36%. Find p.
.4
.64
.8
.6
34
Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse, what do they bind on to?
synaptic terminals
nothing
dendrites
receptors
35
If an athlete's muscles work in the absence of enough oxygen, the muscle cells will produce
carbon dioxide
lactic acid
ethyl alcohol
ever larger amounts of ATP
36
Which of these do mitosis and binary fission have in common?
Daughter cells contain paired chromosomes
Both are limited to prokaryotic cells
Daughter cells have the same # of chromosomes as parent cell
They are asexual reproduction
37
Cells that do not have histone proteins associated with their DNA
are prokaryotic
are eukaryotic
can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
38
What are plasmids?
a circular piece of DNA found in prokaryotes
plasmolyzed plant cells
a linear DNA snippet
a type of jelly donut
39
Molecule that can fit into the operator, preventing the transcription of genes
operon
repressor
corepressor
promoter
40
Speciation is
The movement of a species to a new area.
The divergences of a species into two areas.
How we go from two species to one species.
How we go from one species to two species.
41
In the diagram, the first evidence of crossing-over exists in the view labels
D
C
B
A
42
Neurons often have many short dendrites and a long axon
true
false
43
Genes that determine developmental patterns from embryo to adult
proteomic genes
homeotic genes
metabolic genes
differentiation genes
44
A hypertonic solution
makes a cell become shriveled
makes a plant cell burst
makes an animal cell burst
45
How can one organism have greater relative fitness than another organism?
leaving more fertile descendants
having a longer lifespan
leaving more infertile descendents
leaving fewer fertile descendants
46
In the Hardy Weinberg equation, homozygous dominant individuals are represented by
p2
2pq
q2
p + q
47
The infoldings of the inner-membrane of the mitochondria have the purpose of
increasing the cells photosynthetic capacity
speeding the loss of carbon dioxide during fermentation
increasing surface area for ATP production
speeding up the process of glycolysis
48
Transmission of nerve impulses across a synaptic cleft is carried out by
potassium ions
the nodes of Ranvier
sodium ions
neurotransmitter molecules
49
Bacteria have cells that are
exclusively prokaryotic
exclusively eukaryotic
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic
50
The primary function of the golgi apparatus is the
storage of water
synthesis of DNA
processing of large molecules such as proteins and lipids
generation of ATP
51
The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in
thylakoids
cytoplasm
nucleus
stroma
52
During __________, the information in a gene is copied into a complementary RNA sequence
splicing
translation
replication
transcription
53
what provides the basis of genetic variation?
differences in amino acids
differences in organelles
differences in nucleotides
differences in proteins
54
See question about viruses
recombination of the genomes of free virus particles.
errors in the protein molecules produced in translation.
damage to the virus particle from envelope loss.
errors introduced in the DNA through reverse transcription.
55
Enzymes speed up a reaction by
increasing temperature
lowering activation energy
creating more reactants
increasing activation energy
56
Speciation that depends on an external barrier to gene flow to begin or complete the process is
parapatric
allopatric
sympatric
peripatric
57
See question about signal transduction
A medication enters a cell's nucleus and acts as a mutagen.
A medication causes the cell to absorb poisonous minerals.
A medication inhibits an enzyme that synthesizes cAMP.
A medication disrupts transcription of ribosomal RNA genes.
58
Diploid cells that result from the fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell are called
polar bodies
gametes
blastocysts
zygotes
59
In the image depicted above, the part of the bilayer labeled "A"
are the transport proteins
are the charged phosphates
are the hydrophobic lipids
are the glycoproteins
60
Which of the following is NOT an enzyme involved in DNA replication?
RNA polymerase
primase
ligase
DNA polymerase
61
Cells that will no longer undergo division enter a phase known as
G0
mitosis
interphase
apoptosis
62
When an organism attacks its own body with an immune response, that organism has
an allergy
HIV
immunodeficiency
an autoimmune disorder
63
Which enzyme makes a mRNA transcript of a set of genes encoded in DNA?
helicase
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
64
In stage G1, the cell
reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid
creates two identical nuclei
copies the chromosomes
doubles the cell contents, excluding the chromosomes
65
A change in the gene pool of a population due to chance, random events is
genetic drift
gene flow
founder effect
bottleneck effect
66
What is the required criteria for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
all of the answers are correct
no mutations
large population and random mating
no natural selection
67
In what way could you increase the rate of the reaction as it is taking place in Panel 3?
Remove substrate
Add more substrate
Remove enzyme molecules
Add more enzyme molecules
68
An important role of soil microbes in biological systems is the
causing of disease
creation of biomass
production of energy
recycling of matter
69
The process of meiosis
begins with diploid cells and ends with diploid cells
begins with haploid cells and ends with diploid cells
begins with haploid cells and ends with haploid cells
begins with diploid cells and ends with haploid cells
70
If red blood cells are placed in distilled water, they will most likely:
divide
shrivel
swell and lyse
remain unchanged
71
How does the specific (adaptive) immune response begin?
a helper-T cell releases interleukin 2
a macrophage consumes a pathogen
lymphocytes release histamine
a macrophage releases interleukin 1
72
All the genes of all the members of a particular population make up the population's
earth
natural selection
gene pool
gene flow
73
Which is true of both mitochondria and chloroplasts
They include stacks of membranes that absorb light.
They are found in eukaryotic autotrophs and heterotrophs.
They produce sugars using energy harvested in the ctyoplasm.
They include compartments where hydrogen ions are located.
74
What is a function of Structure G ?
Converting chemical energy to ATP
provides structural support through turgor pressure
transporting proteins produced by the attached ribosomes
converting sunlight to energy
75
The product in this diagram is labeled as letter
D
B
A
E
76
After the test on Monday, what project are you planning to do?? :)
Music video! I've got the moves!
A Children's Book! Children will learn biology on my watch!
Ceiling tile, baby!
(I don't know how to turn off the "right or wrong" answer)
77
In a cross between two homozygous recessive plants, what % of babies will show dominant trait?
100%
50%
25%
0%
78
The term "sex-linked trait" almost universally refers to alleles with genes on the
Y chromosome
22 autosomes
21st chromosome
X Chromosomes
79
Which of the following is an example of an organic chemical compound?
carbon dioxide, CO2
glucose, C6H12O6
sufur trioxide, SO3
sodium chloride, NaCl

Duplicate of AP Biology Exam Review! Flashcards | StudBud

Duplicate of AP Biology Exam Review!

79 termsStudBud Administration4 plays

Flashcards79 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 79

Answers

1
Which of the following occurs in the immediate fight-or-flight response to danger or fear?
An increase in glucose catabolism.
An increase in digestive activity.
Release of ACTH from the pituary gland.
An increase in glycogen synthesis.
2
Which of these represents the net equation for complete aerobic respiration?
glucose → carbon dioxide + ATP
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP
glucose → pyruvate + lactic acid + alcohol + ATP
pyruvate + oxygen → carbon dioxide + oxygen + ATP
3
The letter representing oxygen is
Y
X
W
Z
4
What 2 energy carrying molecules are produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis?
ADP and ATP
NADP+ and ATP
NADPH and ATP
NADP+ and ATP
5
In the absence of oxygen, the cell's ability to convert the stored energy of glucose to ATP
is greatly decreased
is unchanged
is greatly increased
is limited to a max of 38 ATP per glucose molecule
6
Methylation and acetylation can turn off or on genes from environmental factors. This is called
expression
translation
transcription
epigenetics
7
A cluster of related genes that can be controlled by a single on/off switch in prokaryotes:
transcript
repressor
operon
operator
8
What direction is DNA and copied in?
DNA is read from 5' to 3' and copied from 3' to 5'
DNA is read from 3' to 5' and copied from 5' to 3'
DNA is read at 3' and copied at 5'
DNA can't read, duh.
9
Which of the following is NOT true?
Most enzymes are proteins
Prokaryotic cells and viruses do not use enzymes
Enzymes only work inside of cells
Enzymes are used up after catalyzing a reaction
10
Colorblind man and woman who is a carrier have a child: What % of children are CB Female?
0%
100%
25%
50%
11
Aerobic respiration does not take place without oxygen available, because oxygen
is essential for the formation of carbon dioxide
is the terminal electron acceptor in respiration
is present in alcohol and lactic acid
is necessary for glycolysis
12
When a bond results from the transfer of electrons b/w atoms, a(n) _____ bond that has formed.
covalent
ionic
metallic
nuclear
13
Term for paired, non-identical chromosomes that contain the same genes?
somatic chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
sex chromosomes
heterologous chromosomes
14
Which is not true of glycolysis?
it breaks glucose into pyruvate
it takes place in cytoplasm (cytosol)?
it takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
it produces two net ATP
15
How do you generate an action potential? 2 answers!
send a certain amount of electrical charge
reach a certain level of depolarization
a certain transmitter activates it
activate a threshold
16
Which of these changes might increase the rate of the reaction beyond point C?
decrease the temperature
add more water
add more enzyme
add more substrate
17
In cell-mediated immunity, helper-T cells recruit the help of which type of cells?
macrophages
B Cells
cytotoxic T cells
plasma cells
18
Man who is colorblind (X linked) has children with carrier woman. Chance of having normal son?
0%
25%
50%
75%
19
The resting potential indicates that the inside of the neuron is _____ compared to the outside.
under ionic pressure
negative
inactive
positive
20
"Crossing over" between maternal and paternal chromosomes takes place during
fertilization
meiosis II
mitosis
meiosis I
21
The "sodium-potassium pump" pumps ___________.
both sodium and potassium ions in
sodium ions in and potassium ions out
both sodium and potassium ions out
sodium ions out and potassium ions in
22
What stage of mitosis is depicted by the image shown?
prophase
anaphase
metaphase
telophase
23
In the following image, the phospholipid bilayer
Is labeled "D"
is labeled "B"
is labeled "C"
Is labeled "A"
24
You are type O negative blood. Who can you give blood to?
O neg only.
everyone.
o neg and o pos only.
no one.
25
Which of the following is not normally a function of proteins in healthy cells?
functioning as enzymes
a component of cell membranes
long term energy storage
helping to make up ribosomes
26
With an action potential, the voltage-gated channels open, allowing ____ to flow into the axon.
sodium ions
all of the above
H+ ions
potassium
27
The process by which cells expel, or secrete, large molecules is known as
phagocytosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
pinocytosis
28
The axon conducts nerve impulses _______ the cell body.
away from
both towards and away from
around, bypassing
towards
29
The bonds between atoms in organic molecules such as sugars, fats and proteins are
metallic bonds
nuclear bonds
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
30
The tertiary structure and function of a polypeptide is principally determined by the:
interactions between amino acids present in the polypeptide
length of the polypeptide
number of nucleotides present in the polypeptide
repeated units of glycerol making up the polypeptide
31
Post-zygotic barriers do not include:
zygote mortality
mechanical incompatibility
hybrid sterility
hybrid viability
32
Which letter allows substances to move from an area of higher conc. to an area of lower conc.?
B
A
C
D
33
The frequency of individuals with the recessive phenotype in a H-W population is 36%. Find p.
.4
.64
.8
.6
34
Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse, what do they bind on to?
synaptic terminals
nothing
dendrites
receptors
35
If an athlete's muscles work in the absence of enough oxygen, the muscle cells will produce
carbon dioxide
lactic acid
ethyl alcohol
ever larger amounts of ATP
36
Which of these do mitosis and binary fission have in common?
Daughter cells contain paired chromosomes
Both are limited to prokaryotic cells
Daughter cells have the same # of chromosomes as parent cell
They are asexual reproduction
37
Cells that do not have histone proteins associated with their DNA
are prokaryotic
are eukaryotic
can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
38
What are plasmids?
a circular piece of DNA found in prokaryotes
plasmolyzed plant cells
a linear DNA snippet
a type of jelly donut
39
Molecule that can fit into the operator, preventing the transcription of genes
operon
repressor
corepressor
promoter
40
Speciation is
The movement of a species to a new area.
The divergences of a species into two areas.
How we go from two species to one species.
How we go from one species to two species.
41
In the diagram, the first evidence of crossing-over exists in the view labels
D
C
B
A
42
Neurons often have many short dendrites and a long axon
true
false
43
Genes that determine developmental patterns from embryo to adult
proteomic genes
homeotic genes
metabolic genes
differentiation genes
44
A hypertonic solution
makes a cell become shriveled
makes a plant cell burst
makes an animal cell burst
45
How can one organism have greater relative fitness than another organism?
leaving more fertile descendants
having a longer lifespan
leaving more infertile descendents
leaving fewer fertile descendants
46
In the Hardy Weinberg equation, homozygous dominant individuals are represented by
p2
2pq
q2
p + q
47
The infoldings of the inner-membrane of the mitochondria have the purpose of
increasing the cells photosynthetic capacity
speeding the loss of carbon dioxide during fermentation
increasing surface area for ATP production
speeding up the process of glycolysis
48
Transmission of nerve impulses across a synaptic cleft is carried out by
potassium ions
the nodes of Ranvier
sodium ions
neurotransmitter molecules
49
Bacteria have cells that are
exclusively prokaryotic
exclusively eukaryotic
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic
50
The primary function of the golgi apparatus is the
storage of water
synthesis of DNA
processing of large molecules such as proteins and lipids
generation of ATP
51
The light reactions of photosynthesis take place in
thylakoids
cytoplasm
nucleus
stroma
52
During __________, the information in a gene is copied into a complementary RNA sequence
splicing
translation
replication
transcription
53
what provides the basis of genetic variation?
differences in amino acids
differences in organelles
differences in nucleotides
differences in proteins
54
See question about viruses
recombination of the genomes of free virus particles.
errors in the protein molecules produced in translation.
damage to the virus particle from envelope loss.
errors introduced in the DNA through reverse transcription.
55
Enzymes speed up a reaction by
increasing temperature
lowering activation energy
creating more reactants
increasing activation energy
56
Speciation that depends on an external barrier to gene flow to begin or complete the process is
parapatric
allopatric
sympatric
peripatric
57
See question about signal transduction
A medication enters a cell's nucleus and acts as a mutagen.
A medication causes the cell to absorb poisonous minerals.
A medication inhibits an enzyme that synthesizes cAMP.
A medication disrupts transcription of ribosomal RNA genes.
58
Diploid cells that result from the fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell are called
polar bodies
gametes
blastocysts
zygotes
59
In the image depicted above, the part of the bilayer labeled "A"
are the transport proteins
are the charged phosphates
are the hydrophobic lipids
are the glycoproteins
60
Which of the following is NOT an enzyme involved in DNA replication?
RNA polymerase
primase
ligase
DNA polymerase
61
Cells that will no longer undergo division enter a phase known as
G0
mitosis
interphase
apoptosis
62
When an organism attacks its own body with an immune response, that organism has
an allergy
HIV
immunodeficiency
an autoimmune disorder
63
Which enzyme makes a mRNA transcript of a set of genes encoded in DNA?
helicase
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
topoisomerase
64
In stage G1, the cell
reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid
creates two identical nuclei
copies the chromosomes
doubles the cell contents, excluding the chromosomes
65
A change in the gene pool of a population due to chance, random events is
genetic drift
gene flow
founder effect
bottleneck effect
66
What is the required criteria for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
all of the answers are correct
no mutations
large population and random mating
no natural selection
67
In what way could you increase the rate of the reaction as it is taking place in Panel 3?
Remove substrate
Add more substrate
Remove enzyme molecules
Add more enzyme molecules
68
An important role of soil microbes in biological systems is the
causing of disease
creation of biomass
production of energy
recycling of matter
69
The process of meiosis
begins with diploid cells and ends with diploid cells
begins with haploid cells and ends with diploid cells
begins with haploid cells and ends with haploid cells
begins with diploid cells and ends with haploid cells
70
If red blood cells are placed in distilled water, they will most likely:
divide
shrivel
swell and lyse
remain unchanged
71
How does the specific (adaptive) immune response begin?
a helper-T cell releases interleukin 2
a macrophage consumes a pathogen
lymphocytes release histamine
a macrophage releases interleukin 1
72
All the genes of all the members of a particular population make up the population's
earth
natural selection
gene pool
gene flow
73
Which is true of both mitochondria and chloroplasts
They include stacks of membranes that absorb light.
They are found in eukaryotic autotrophs and heterotrophs.
They produce sugars using energy harvested in the ctyoplasm.
They include compartments where hydrogen ions are located.
74
What is a function of Structure G ?
Converting chemical energy to ATP
provides structural support through turgor pressure
transporting proteins produced by the attached ribosomes
converting sunlight to energy
75
The product in this diagram is labeled as letter
D
B
A
E
76
After the test on Monday, what project are you planning to do?? :)
Music video! I've got the moves!
A Children's Book! Children will learn biology on my watch!
Ceiling tile, baby!
(I don't know how to turn off the "right or wrong" answer)
77
In a cross between two homozygous recessive plants, what % of babies will show dominant trait?
100%
50%
25%
0%
78
The term "sex-linked trait" almost universally refers to alleles with genes on the
Y chromosome
22 autosomes
21st chromosome
X Chromosomes
79
Which of the following is an example of an organic chemical compound?
carbon dioxide, CO2
glucose, C6H12O6
sufur trioxide, SO3
sodium chloride, NaCl