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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Agriculture Theory
Conquest Theory
Organic Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
2
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
Within the central business district in Portland
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Near the port in Portland
3
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
decline of communications technologies
loss of interconnectedness between places
4
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
biological characteristics of a group of people
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
5
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Education systems
water and sewer systems
churches and religious institutions
Electric power grids
6
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
7
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Authoritarianism
Federalism
Republic
Unitary
8
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
typical practice of transnational corporations
allows for 24 hour work day
typical examples are customer call centers
cheaper labor costs
9
Doubling time is -
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
10
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is based on amenities
11
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
12
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is typically found in remote regions
It includes traits that change often
It is media driven
It is widespread
13
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
undocumented immigrants
asylum seekers
internationally displaced persons
refugees
14
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
15
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
decreasing taxes on the workforce
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
raising the retirement age
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
16
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
total fertility rate
literacy rate
infant mortality rate
GDP per capita
17
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
total population growth stabilizes
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
18
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Walter Christaller
Walt Rostow
August Losch
Ernest Burgess
19
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
declining population in some developed countries
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
20
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
chicken; beef
beef; pork
pork; beef
pork; shrimp
21
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
anti-natalism
pro-natalism
liberal natalism
strict natalism
22
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Symbols
Toponyms
Acculturation
Assimilation
23
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
White flight
Urbanization
Gentrification
Block busting
24
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
China
Russia
Japan
United Kingdom
25
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory located near large market areas
factory close to raw materials
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
26
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable along busy streets
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets used extensively for transportation services
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
27
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Automobiles
Sailboats
Furniture
Copper
28
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all supranational organizations
they are all multinational corporations
they are all non-governmental organizations
they are all military alliances
29
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
internal migration
step migration
chain migration
transnational migration
30
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
total farmland in the US is decreasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
31
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
urbanization
military power
colonization
industrialization
32
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They have been practiced throughout human history
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They are located in one specific place
33
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Influenza spreading throughout South America
34
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
35
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
educational opportunities available on the internet
chain migration over international borders
political instability in the neighboring countries
36
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
37
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
38
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Development of new ports
Southern states are 'right to work'
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
39
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it creates higher energy costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it reduces commute times
40
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
41
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Bioengineering
Subsistence farming
Agribusiness
Genetically modified organisms
42
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Blockbusting
Gerrymandering
Redlining
Stacked voting
43
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Least cost Theory
Supranationalism
Comparative advantage
Commodification
44
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Germany
Afghanistan
Peru
United States
45
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to a shipping port
next to an airport
in a city
next to raw materials
46
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
weight reducing industries
primary industries
tertiary industries
weight gaining industries
47
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Smart growth
Urban renewal
Zoning ordinances
48
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
India
Northern England & Southern Scotland
United States
China
49
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 4
Stage 3
Stage 2
Stage 1
50
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Infrastructure
Density
Demographics
Ecumene
51
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the minimum number of people to support a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the market area of a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
52
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage III
Stage IV
Stage I
Stage II
53
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a educational campaign to address uneven development
a high speed railway
new street signs in multiple languages
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
54
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Paris, France
55
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
Literacy Rates
Gross National Income
Life expectancy
all of the above
56
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Karl Marx
Esther Boserup
Thomas Malthus
Von Thunen
57
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
The city was completely surrounded by water
The soil quality changed for each ring
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
58
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
birth rates
age - sex rations
death rates
total population growth
59
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Milk, forest, wheat
Livestock, milk, wheat
Vegetables, forest, milk
Wheat, livestock, milk
60
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Buddhism
Judaism
Shintoism
Hinduism
61
This image represents
ethnic segregation
ethnic enclave
ethnic separatism
ethnic exclave
62
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
schools and universities
electrical and nuclear power plants
sports and recreation centers
major roads and airports
63
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
64
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
NAFTA and maquiladoras
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
increase in American and international tourism
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
65
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
falling rapidly
growing rapidly
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady