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Molecular Biology Basics Flashcards | StudBud
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Molecular Biology Basics
Molecular Biology Basics
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Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis
Flashcards
27 cards
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Questions
27
Answers
1
Why is a frameshift mutation so serious?
It can prevent a protein from being made
It can make the wrong protein
All of the above
It disrupts the rest of the code
2
What signals the start of translation?
Stop codon
Termination factor
Ribosome binding site
Start codon
3
How many bases make a codon?
4
2
3
5
4
Which process converts mRNA to protein?
Modification
Translation
Replication
Transcription
5
What is the first step in protein synthesis?
Translation
Modification
Transcription
Replication
6
True or false: RNA is not needed for protein synthesis.
True
False
7
Which molecule carries amino acids to ribosomes?
rRNA
mRNA
DNA
tRNA
8
What amino acid does
AUG
code for?
Serine
Leucine
Arginine
Methionine
9
Where does translation occur in the cell?
Cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Nucleus
10
Which enzyme helps in transcription?
DNA polymerase
Ligase
RNA polymerase
Helicase
11
Where does Transcription occur in a eukaryote cell
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
12
True or false: Proteins are made of amino acids.
True
False
13
Which type of RNA is a messenger?
tRNA
rRNA
mRNA
sRNA
14
What does the mRNA Codon
UGA
code for?
Codons are weak!!
Stop
Met
Start
15
What does the tRNA (transfer) to the ribosome
Carbohydrate
Amino acid
Nucleic Acid
Protein
16
What is the role of ribosomes?
Store DNA
Transport RNA
Synthesize proteins
Modify proteins
17
True or false: DNA is involved in protein synthesis.
False
True
18
What is the genetic code made of?
Amino acids
Codons
Proteins
Nucleotides
19
Which molecule is a building block of proteins?
Sugar
Amino acid
Nucleotide
Fatty acid
20
What is the end product of translation?
Amino acids
DNA
RNA
Protein
21
What causes a frameshift mutation?
Substitution
Missense
Deletion and Insertion
Nonsense
22
A difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA....
RNA has a deoxyribose sugar
RNA contains Uracil
RNA has a double helix
RNA contain Thymine
23
What would the complementary strand of DNA for A-T-T-C?
A-T-T-C
U-A-A-G
U-A-A-C
T-A-A-G
24
Which process follows transcription?
Replication
Transcription
Modification
Translation
25
If the DNA is A-T-C-G, the
mRNA
will pair up as....
U-A-G-C
A-A-A-A
T-A-G-C
U-U-U-U
26
Which organelle is known as the protein factory?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
27
What type of mutation occurs when a base is
removed
from the DNA sequence?
Deletion
Insertion
Substitution
Mutations aren't real!!
