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Atomic Structure
Atomic Structure
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A basic review of atomic structure and history for high school chemistry.
Flashcards
64 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Represents an atom in an excited state:
A
B
D
C
2
The element with electron configuration 1
s
2
2
s
2
2
p
6
3
s
2
3
p
2:
carbon
magnesium
sulfur
silicon
3
Scientist who discovered the electron using cathode ray tube experiments.
Thomson
Dalton
Bohr
Rutherford
4
What is the maximum number of electrons in a 3
d
sublevel?
18
32
2
10
5
Predicts that it is impossible to determine both the position and the velocity of an electron:
Heisenberg uncertaintyprinciple
Pauli exclusion principle
Aufbau Principle
Hund's rule
6
Which letter indicates the name of the element?
C
A
B
D
7
Area of probability that an electron occupies while orbiting the nucleus of an atom is called:
nucleus
orbital
bullseye
area 51
8
Positively-charged subatomic particle; has a relative mass of 1 amu; resides in the nucleus.
voltron
electron
neutron
proton
9
Which element has the following electron configuration 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
3
?
polonium
potassium
phosphorus
aluminum
10
Calculate atomic mass of Cu if copper-63 is 69.17% abundant and copper-65 is 30.83% abundant.
128 amu
100 amu
63.62 amu
64.38 amu
11
Correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the isotope,
64
Cu
2+
?
35, 29, 27
29, 35, 27
64, 35, 31
29, 35, 31
12
Discovered a small, dense, positively charged nucleus in gold atoms.
Heisenberg
Schrodinger
Bohr
Rutherford
13
Quantum number that expresses the shape of the orbital that an electron occupies:
magnetic quantum number
spin quantum number
angular momentum quantum number
principal quantum number
14
The scientist who proposed the quantum mechanical model (electron cloud model) of the atom:
Schrodinger
Thomson
Dalton
Bohr
15
In which of the following are the three species isoelectronic, (
same number of electrons?)
Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+
Sc, Ti, V2+
O2¯, S2¯, Cl-
S2¯, K+, Ca2+
16
The principal quantum number indicates what property of an electron?
energy level
spin
shape
speed
17
Which of the following elements is classified as a noble gas?
boron
argon
nitrogen
calcium
18
States that no more than two electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital:
Octet Rule
Hund's Rule
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Aufbau Principle
19
What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?
s, p, d, and f
s only
s and p only
s, p,and d
20
Conclusion of Rutherford's experiments in which Au atoms were bombarded with alpha particles?
Atoms have equal numbers ofpositive and negative charges.
Positive charge of atom is concentrated in a small region.
Electrons in atoms arearranged in shells.
Neutrons and protons inatoms have nearly equal mass.
21
Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first:
Hund's Rule
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Octet Rule
Aufbau Principle
22
What is the electron configuration of potassium?
1s2 2s2 2p2 3s23p2 4s1
1s2 2s2 3s2 3p63d1
1s22s22p63s23p64s1
1s2 2s2 2p10 3s23p3
23
No two electrons have the same set of four quantum numbers:
Octet Rule
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Hund's Rule
Aufbau Principle
24
Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus:
mass number
atomic number
84
quantum number
25
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from J. J. Thomson's cathode ray experiments?
Atoms contain protons,neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms contain electrons.
No two electrons in oneatom can have the same 4 quantum #s
Atoms have a positivelycharged nucleus.
26
What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?
the mass number
its year of discovery
the atomic number
the sum of the protons and electrons
27
Which of the following elements is classified as a halogen?
argon
sulfur
phosphorus
chlorine
28
Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
positrope
allotrope
cantalope
isotope
29
When 3 electrons fill a 2p sublevel, how will the electrons be distributed in the
orbitals?
(↑↓↑) ( ) ( )
( ↑ )( ↑ ) ( ↑ )
( ) ( ↑) (↑↓)
(↑↓) ( ↑)( )
30
Determined by the relative abundance and average masses of the isotopes of the element:
frequency
quantum numbers
average atomic mass
atomic number
31
Represents the most stable electron configuration for the element copper:
[Kr] 4d9 5s2
[Ar] 3d9 4s2
[Xe] 4d9 5s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
32
Correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotope of lead,
208
Pb
4+
?
82, 126, 86
82, 78, 208
82, 126, 78
208, 78, 126
33
Represents an atom of a transition metal.
E
D
B
C
34
What is each vertical column of elements in the periodic table called?
period
column
trend
group
35
What are the elements located in the
d block
on the periodic table known as?
halogens
noble gases
inner transition metals
transition metals
36
Represents an atom that is chemically unreactive:
B
D
C
A
37
Quantum number that describes both the size and energy of the path of an electron:
magnetic quantum number
angular momentum quantum number
principal quantum number
spin quantum number
38
Scientist who experimented with gases; developed the experimentally based atomic theory.
Gallileo
Thomson
Dalton
Democritus
39
Which of the following elements is classified as a transition metal?
carbon
chlorine
calcium
cobalt
40
Which is the correct electron configuration for antimony?
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3
[Sn] 5p3
[Kr] 4d12 5p3
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
41
How many neutrons does an atom with an atomic number 50 and a mass number 120 contain?
50
70
120
170
42
The number of neutrons in an isotope of uranium-235?
235
92
143
80
43
Which letter indicates the average atomic mass of the element?
D
A
B
C
44
Which letter indicates the symbol of the element?
B
A
D
C
45
The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic:
radius
charge
number
mass
46
Scientist who proposed the planetary model. Electrons orbit nucleus in quantized orbits:
Thomson
Democritus
Bohr
Rutherford
47
Greek philosopher who proposed a limit to the smallest particles of a substance; called atomos.
Dante
Amedeo
Dalton
Democritus
48
Which isotope symbol contains 56 protons, 82 neutrons, 54 electrons?
138Ba2+
131Xe
209Po2+
208Pb2+
49
Negatively-charged subatomic particle that has negligible mass and orbits the atomic nucleus.
proton
neutron
voltron
electron
50
Quantum number that expresses the orientation of the orbital that an electron occupies:
magnetic quantum number
angular momentum quantum number
spin quantum number
principal quantum number
51
Which of the following elements is in the same period as phosphorus?
oxygen
magnesium
nitrogen
carbon
52
What are the block of elements in groups 3-12 on the periodic table known as?
noble gases
transition metals
inner transition metals
metalloids
53
Which of the following elements is in the same group as sodium?
potassium
calcium
aluminum
helium
54
Represents an atom that has four valence electrons:
D
B
E
C
55
In the following part of an electron configuration;4p
3
, the "3" represents:
electron spin
energy level
number of electrons
orbital shape
56
Subatomic particle with a relative mass of 1 amu; resides in the nucleus; neutrally-charged.
voltron
electron
proton
neutron
57
Which letter indicates the atomic number of the element?
C
A
D
B
58
What is the shape of a
p
atomic orbital?
spherical
cloverleaf
square
dumbbell
59
What is the shape of an
s
atomic orbital?
dumbbell
square
clover leaf
spherical
60
What is the maximum number of electrons in a single orbital of any type?
2
14
10
8
61
All atoms of the same element have the same:
set of quantum numbers
atomic number
mass number
powerball number
62
Each
orbital
in a
sublevel
is occupied
with a single electron before any
is doubly occupied.
Hund's Rule
Octet Rule
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Aufbau Principle
63
Which element symbol has the following subatomic particles 15 p
+
, 16 n
0
, 18 e
-
?
27Al3+
31P3+
31P3-
16O2-
64
Dense, positively-charged center of an atom.
isotope
nucleus
orbital
centriole
