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AP Psych Exam Review
AP Psych Exam Review
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1
a musician's ability to discern between 2 similar pitches depends on which concept
absolute threshold
signal detection theory
difference threshold
bottom up processing
2
which of the following is most likely to lead to a false memory
proactive interference
relearning effect
leading questions
brain injury
3
What research method could be used to find a possible relationship between owning a hybrid car and being vegan
case study
naturalistic observation
correlational study
experiment
4
What is true about experiments that is not of other research methods
they can determine causal relationships between variables
they involve more research participants than other studies
they can gather data from a large number of people quickly
they take place in more realistic, real-life settings
5
When Susie went to prom with Dan, Max channeled his feelings of frustration into artwork
reaction formation
projection
sublimation
displacement
6
seeing someone at the grocery store and remembering their name is an example of
recall
recognition
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
episodic memory
7
Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism states personality results from the interaction of
rewards, punishments, and reinforcers
genetics, the unconscious, and social facilitation
id, ego, and superego
traits, the environment, and behavior
8
In a class of 25 students, all but 2 score between 82 and 94. The 2 scores of 47 and 55 are
modes
variances
outliers
normally distributed
9
what is the principle tool used in all forms of psychotherapy
talking to a patient
cognitive-behavioral interventions
biomedical interventions
secondary preventions
10
A person with a painful skin rash finds hard scratching temporarily relieves the pain; this would align with
opponent-process theory
frequency theory
gate-control theory
transduction theory
11
Ani believes she is capable of succeeding in nursing school. Her mindset is associated with
a strong superego
an extraverted personality
high self-efficacy
low self-esteem
12
Runners in a park increase their speed when another runner comes into view. This illustrates
conformity
social facilitation
social roles
disinhibition
13
which structure is part of the inner ear
basilar membrane
tympanic membrane
malleus (hammer)
auditory canal
14
in the nature vs. nurture debate, nature is most closely associated with
parenting style
temperament
environment
culture
15
Which theory would assert that a key motivation for people is spreading their genetic material
evolutionary
psychodynamic
cognitive
humanistic
16
which structure in the eye is most responsible for color vision
optic nerve
rods
cones
cornea
17
Julie is more alert in the morning; John in the evening. This is because of differences in
personalities
circadian rhythm
daily activities
sleep cycles
18
which is an accurate interpretion of an IQ score of 145
two standard deviations above the mean of 100
one standard deviation above the mean of 100
three standard deviations above the mean of 100
slightly above average
19
Bells release students from class; when they hear a bell, they automatically stand. This is an example of
observational learning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
instrumental learning
20
which of the following terms applies to IQ tests
achievement
projective
standardized
triarchic
21
which psychologist would agree w/the following: behavior results from reinforcers & punishers
Albert Bandura
William James
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
22
Abraham Maslow theorized that people are motivated by
achieving physiological homeostasis
desire to achieve in the eyes of others
reinforcement of primary and secondary needs
satisfying needs on a hierarchy
23
which kinds of personality theorists would make use of a projective test
social-cognitive
trait
humanist
psychoanalyst
24
If a distribution of scores includes outliers, which measure of central tendency would likely be most accurate
median
mean
range
standard deviation
25
when first born, humans' dominant sense is
hearing
smell
sight
touch
26
a charity including free address labels in its fundraising letters to increase contributions would relying on
self-fulfilling prophecy
fundamental attribution error
the norm of reciprocity
out-group homogeneity
27
the limbic system plays an important role in
maintaining balance
planning for the future
processing sensory information
regulating emotion
28
After a natural disaster Faye says, "Serves them right for not having better warning systems."
false consensus effect
just world bias
Barnum effect
self-serving bias
29
which of the following statistics provides most information about how spread out a data set is
reciprocity
median
range
mean
30
In the 3-stage model of information processing, memories are first stored in
long-term memory
sensory memory
short-term memory
procedural memory
31
After repeated firings, neural connections are strengthened. What is this process
state-dependent memory
long-term potentiation
proactive interference
semantic encoding
32
Milgram's obedience study was criticized based on what ethical grounds
risk of psychological harm
lack of debriefing
lack of informed consent
violation of confidentiality
33
What factors are ignored when people commit the fundament attribution error
behavioral
social
situational
dispositional
34
What was one of the factors that increased conformity in Asch's studies
placebo effect
wearing guard uniforms
size of the group
presence of an authority figure
35
A person who experiences flashbacks after a serious car accident is likely to be diagnosed with
panic disorder
bipolar disorder
dissociative identity disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
36
which would a researcher need to use to determine whether experiment data is significant
inferential statistics
counterbalancing
descriptive statistics
standard deviation
37
turning up the volume on a radio changes which aspect of sound
transduction of the wave
amplitude of the wave
pitch of the tone
frequency of the wave
38
Withdrawal symptoms are most directly caused by this process
dissociation
antagonists
tolerance
activation-synthesis
39
When running for class president, Edy puts pictures of herself everywhere. Why might this help
deindividuation
central route persuasion
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
mere-exposure effect
40
testing the problem-solving skills of 10, 20, and 30-year-olds in a study uses this method
longitudinal study
developmental study
social-cognitive study
cross-sectional study
41
In people, rods, unlike cones,
have a lower absolute threshold for light
are located in the center of the retina
respond more quickly to colors
are unable to detect motion
42
Which is most directly involved in the electrical aspect of neurotransmission
terminal button
myelin
neurotransmiters
synaptic cleft
43
our ability to perceive depth depends on what other perceptual abilities
proximity and similarity
vestibular and kinesthetic senses
binocular and monocular cues
top-down and bottom-up processing
44
A doctor determining whether an accident caused structural damage to the brain would use
EEG
MRI
PET
rTMS
45
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the reconstructive nature of memory
the serial position effect
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the rate at which people forget information
46
physiological reactions like surprise or shock are controlled by which part of the nervous system
somatic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
endocrine system
sympathetic nervous system
47
Which technique would be most helpful in avoiding the problems associated with groupthink
encouraging contrary opinions within the group
identifying approach-avoidance conflicts
responding to deindividuation among group members
increasing group polarization within different groups
48
Your girlfriend dumps you. "I always knew she was bad news" your friend says. This demonstrates
self-serving bias
a theory
hindsight bias
overconfidence
49
Which personality theory is criticized for its overly optimistic view of human nature
psychoanalytic
humanistic
cognitive
trait
50
damage to the occipital region of the brain would most likely affect which sense
balance
hearing
sight
touch
51
The fact that our ears are located on opposite sides of our head best helps us with
sound localization
hearing high frequencies
sensory adaptation
detecting absolute threshold
52
A low level of glucose in Sam's bloodstream would most likely make him want to
eat a meal
make new friends
pursue a romantic interest
go for a run
53
which of the following would most impact the speed of motor movements
early gross motor practice
concrete operational exercises
myelination of neurons
secure attachment with parents
54
Most people can taste 1g of salt in 1qt of water. Which concept is related to this statement
sensory adaptation
absolute threshold
frequency theory
difference threshold
55
The case study of Phineas Gage was significant because it was one of the first cases involving
treating a brain-damaged patient with psychotherapy
using a CAT scan to document the extent of the injury
a specific brain area associated with emotional changes
treatment with drugs that alter neurotransmission
56
which type of therapist is most likely to prescribe lithium for a patient with bipolar disorder
psychiatrist
psychoanalyst
clinical psychologist
cognitive psychotherapist
57
Someone who fails an exam and reacts by studying longer probably has this locus of control
situational
external
fundamental
internal
58
which brain structure is involved in hunger & thirst
hypothalamus
cerebellum
medulla
amygdala
59
People who are easily hypnotizable are likely to score highly on which Big 5 trait
conscientiousness
neuroticism
openness
extraversion
60
a test which places someone into personality categories (e.g.extravert/introvert) is based on
social cognitive theroy
biological theory
psychodynamic theory
trait theory
61
An artist making a drawing could use which of the following to add depth to the picture
linear perspective
convergence
closure
retinal disparity
62
light enters the eye through an opening in the
retina
blind spot
fovea
iris
63
A medication prescribed for major depression would most likely act on which neurotransmitter
serotonin
GABA
adrenaline
acetylcholine
64
Sherif's Robbers Cave study indicates that _____ best reduces tensions between groups
deindividuation
a diffusion of responsibility
group polarization
having common goals
65
Someone who can't produce accurate speech might have brain damage where
Gage's area
hippocampus
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
66
Which best describes how neurons communicate with one another
hormones jump from one axon to the next
physical contact between dendrites
chemical signals at the synaptic cleft
electrical signals between two myelin sheaths
67
which psychological principle best explains prejudice
individualism
self-serving bias
compliance strategies
in-group bias
68
which plays an important role in personality development according to humanist psychologists
factor analysis
unconditional positive regard
defense mechanisms
secondary central dispositions
69
which technique controls for both experimenter and subject bias
single blind study
Hawthorne effect
counterbalancing
double blind study
70
James is interested in the processing strategies children use to learn new information. He is a
cognitive psychologist
clinical psychologist
personality psychologist
sociocultural psychologist
71
patients who are described as "split brain" have had what structure removed/severed
medulla oblongata
hippocampus
corpus callosum
prefrontal cortex
72
REM sleep deprivation generally causes what kinds of side effects
interference with memory tasks
sleep apnea and night terrors
intense, prolonged periods of Stage 3 & 4 sleep
heightened manifest dream content
73
Choosing 20 people at random from a large lecture class of 400 is an example of
random sampling
random assignment
representative assignment
assignment to conditions
74
Which of the following is found in Jung's model of the collective unconscious
functional fixedness
archetypes
inferiority complexes
repressed memories
75
Sigmund Freud made this perspective popular in Western Europe at the turn of the 20th century
cognitive
evolutionary
behavioral
psychoanalytical
76
According to Freud, what is the dominant factor in determining our personality traits
parenting styles
secondary drives and needs
genetics and nutrition
unconscious conflicts
77
children who suffer brain damage can regain function more quickly than older patients due to
hemispheric lateralization
effective psychological environment
contralateral control
neuroplasticity
78
When like-minded groups take more extreme positions than individuals comprising the group
social facilitation
groupthink
group polarization
deindividuation
79
Why are psychoanalysts interested in talking with patients about dreams
symbols in dreams represent unconscious conflicts
disturbing dreams are obstacles to self actualization
counter conditioned behaviors are often revealed in dreams
neurotransmitter anomalies cause dream disturbances
80
What kind of personality theorist would be most interested in the results of the MMPI
psychoanalytic
humanistic
trait
biological
81
which is an example of an implicit memory
describing the taste of a birthday cake
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
recognizing a celebrity
remembering how to tie your shoelace
82
Which of the following has been linked to a deficit of dopamine
Alzheimer's disease
major depressive disorder
Parkinson's disease
autism
83
Which part of the brain is "most adapted" in an evolutionary sense
cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
pons
cerebellum
84
the somatic nervous system is part of the
peripheral nervous system
central nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
autonomic nervous system
85
Knowledge of different categories of trees is an example of what type of long-term memory
procedural memory
episodic memory
semantic memory
eidetic memory