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Basics about DNA replication, transcription, translation, and mutations. #10thgrade #biology
Flashcards
27 cards
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Questions
27
Answers
1
What base(s) are found in both DNA and RNA?
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine
2
Which of the following is a mutagen?
Chemicals
Radiation
Lime juice
All bacteria
3
What is the product of transcription?
Copy of a single gene
New DNA strand
mRNA strand
Amino acid (protein) chain
4
What PROCESS makes RNA molecules from DNA?
Replication
That doesn't happen
Transcription
Translation
5
What molecule has deoxyribose in it?
DNA
Amino acids
Protein
RNA
6
True or False: Only one backbone is a template to make new DNA in replication.
True
False
7
How many types of RNA are there?
4
3
2
1
8
What PROCESS occurs in the ribosomes?
Replication
Mitosis
Translation
Transcription
9
What is this molecule?
Complete DNA strand
Amino acid
Adenine
Nucleotide
10
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Sugars
Nucleotides
Phosphates
Amino acids
11
A _______ is defined as a change to the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA
helix
mutation
translation
codon
12
Which molecule is the mRNA?
the blue one
the purple one
You can't know from this picture
the pink one
13
In DNA, what base is always paired with adenine?
Cytosine
Uracil
Guanine
Thymine
14
What is the product of translation?
mRNA
tRNA
New strand of DNA
Amino acid (protein) chain
15
How many bases are changed in a POINT mutation?
One
Six
Four
Three
16
Which molecule contains uracil?
RNA
DNA
Amino acids
Protein
17
What molecule is the template to make the pink molecule?
DNA
Codon
Protein
RNA
18
What type of mutation alters the reading frame?
Chromosome deletion
Frameshift
Nonsense
Chromosomal insertion
19
What is the start codon and what amino acid does it code for?
AGG Methionine
AUC Isoleucine
AAA Lysine
AUG Methionine
20
What would happen if there was a mutation that changed the codon UAC to UAU?
It would make methionine.
It would make leucine.
No change (both codes make same amino acid).
It changes to a stop codon.
21
Why are the backbones on the DNA strands two different colors (blue and green)?
Green is the parent strand, blue is the newly made strand.
Blue is the parent strand, green is the newly made strand.
Just to make it look like a nice picture.
22
What type of RNA is used to put amino acids together into a protein chain?
any kind of RNA
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
23
What is the name of a set of three nucleotide bases in an mRNA strand?
Amino acid
Codon
Tri-set
Anti-codon
24
What is the complementary strand of bases for the following DNA sequence: ACCTT
UGGAA
TGGAA
TGGUU
TGCAA
25
What type of point mutation changes the product from an amino acid to a stop codon?
Frameshift
Nonsense
Missense
Silent
26
What type of RNA has an anticodon?
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
27
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
RNA --> Protein --> DNA
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
Protein --> DNA --> RNA
