Health care system Final Form

Question 1

The federal act that ensures emergency medical treatment

Accepted Answer

The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)

Question 2

What Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) are used for?

Accepted Answer

help control hospital costs and determine reimbursement rates, for billing and reimbursement purposes

Question 3

Examples of health care access measures

Accepted Answer

Availability, Affordability, Accommodation, Acceptability, Accessibility

Question 4

what are the critical challenges faced by pharmaceutical companies when developing orphan drugs?

Accepted Answer

All the answer choices are CORRECT

Question 5

The key features that make the U.S. health care system a mixed system:

Accepted Answer

a strong private sector and a large and influential public sector

Question 6

What incentives did the Orphan Drug Act provide?

Accepted Answer

All the answer choices are correct

Question 7

How CHIP addresses gaps in healthcare coverage for children?

Accepted Answer

provide affordable health insurance to child either from high/low families

Question 8

All of the following are common types of Medicare fraud, waste, and abuse except

Accepted Answer

Proper Use of Diagnosis Codes

Question 9

Upstream determinants of health emphasized by Healthy People 2030 to improve public health outcomes are:

Accepted Answer

Open access to mental health services, Access to quality health insurance coverage, Open access to preventative care/services, Improving timely access to Urgent care and Emergency medicine, Increased access to Primary care

Question 10

What did the Hill-Burton Act emphasize?

Accepted Answer

Provide federal funding for the construction and modernization of hospitals

Question 11

What is the biggest concern with AI becoming implemented in pharmacy?

Accepted Answer

AI might access patient data without proper consent, violating HIPAA

Question 12

How biotechnology aims to address global challenges in the future?

Accepted Answer

developing innovative solutions through genetic engineering (e.g. biofuel)

Question 13

What did the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 introduce?

Accepted Answer

Created a new prescription drug benefit (Medicare Part D)

Question 14

What is the main benefit of implementing AI in pharmacy?

Accepted Answer

AI can help reduce human error in prescribing and dispensing

Question 15

Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Eli Lily are drug companies that are in control of what percentage of the insulin market?

Accepted Answer

90%

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding violence in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Long wait times are a risk factor of violence in healthcare

Question 17

What is the purpose of leading health indicators in public health?

Accepted Answer

where overall health in communities can be improved, Provide a benchmark for public health officials to see

Question 18

What are some of the primary root causes that contribute to delayed or skipped healthcare treatments?

Accepted Answer

Health literacy, social determinants, costs, transportation and location

Question 19

Why the Kefauver-Harris Amendment was enacted?

Accepted Answer

by thalidomide tragedy in Europe

Question 20

Which patient group Medicare was initially established to cover?

Accepted Answer

older Americans who were not well served in an insurance market

Question 21

Roughly what percentage of rural hospitals are unprofitable?

Accepted Answer

33%

Question 22

Reasons why the U.S. health care system is considered inefficient:

Accepted Answer

Cost, Waste

Question 23

Examples of patient-centered care:

Accepted Answer

Providing respectful care responsive to individual patient preferences

Question 24

Which act that allow private citizens to file lawsuits on behalf of the government against people who defraud the gov?

Accepted Answer

The False Claims Act

Question 25

How conscience protections balance healthcare provider rights with patient access?

Accepted Answer

prevents professionals from being forced to act against, Protects individual moral integrity

Question 26

The main purpose of Medigap plans is:

Accepted Answer

Fills in the gaps (i.e. deductibles & coinsurance) ofOriginal Medicare plan

Question 27

Under the Affordable Insulin Now Act (2022), insulin was capped at ___ for Medicare recipients

Accepted Answer

$35

Question 28

What is the main purpose of Drug Repurposing?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced treatments for more people

Question 29

What are some of the challenges faced by drug repurposing?

Accepted Answer

Repurposing drugs are very complicated, pharmaceutical company funding

Question 30

Which drug classes are excluded from Medicare Part D coverage?

Accepted Answer

Non-prescription drugs (over-the-counter drugs), prescription vitamins and minerals, agents for cosmetic purpose, hair growth, symptomatic relief of cough, cold, Part B drugs, weight loss/weight gain, fertility agents, erectile dysfunction, barbiturates, benzodiazepines

Question 31

What kinds of healthcare changes might be inspired by the Doe vs CVS Pharmacy Inc. case as a precedent?

Accepted Answer

All the answer choices are CORRECT

Question 32

Key barriers to more widespread adoption of health information exchanges:

Accepted Answer

Motivating the adoption of uniform nationwide network interoperability, Significant gaps in HIT adoption and electronic healthinformation, Changing the culture of information sharing, Need for modern, interoperable public health data systems

Question 33

How do drug shortages affect local communities?

Accepted Answer

Delay of medical procedures, Higher copays

Question 34

Which claims did the plaintiffs in Doe vs CVS Pharmacy case successfully argue required further proceedings under ACA?

Accepted Answer

Meaningful access to prescription drug benefits under the ACA

Question 35

The ___ Policy works to eliminate the acceptance of any type of violence in the workplace

Accepted Answer

Zero tolerance

Question 36

Which coding systems identify diagnoses?

Accepted Answer

ICD-10-CM

Question 37

The (primary) components of the mixed health care system in the U.S

Accepted Answer

a strong private sector, a large and influential public sector.

Question 38

Allow members to see any doctor, whether in-network or out-of-network, but in-network visits are usually less expensive.

Accepted Answer

Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)

Question 39

What Medicare Part D drug plans cover?

Accepted Answer

Outpatient prescription drugs

Question 40

Why portability is important in health insurance?

Accepted Answer

ensures that you can access healthcare services wherever you go

Question 41

Which act allowed for generic drug market entry through ANDA?

Accepted Answer

Hatch-Waxman Amendments of 1984

Question 42

Primary concerns regarding the use of e-cigarettes among adolescents

Accepted Answer

Brain development disruption, Potential for gateway behavior, Nicotine addiction, Harmful chemicals

Question 43

What are the reasons for employers to utilize self-insurance?

Accepted Answer

offer cost savings for large employers who can manage the risk

Question 44

Which groups would likely support health care as a public good?

Accepted Answer

Who believe health care is public good favor a public enterprise

Question 45

Ethical concerns related to healthcare strikes:

Accepted Answer

reducing the availability of healthcare service, affect the quality of care

Question 46

What are some common causes of drug shortages?

Accepted Answer

National disasters, Logistical/Regulatory issues

Question 47

The key features of Medicare Advantage (Part C) plans are:

Accepted Answer

offered by private companies that provide coverage for Part A and part B

Question 48

Programs that have helped improve access to hospitals in rural areas.

Accepted Answer

Medicare Rural Hospital Flexibility Program ("Flex"), Rural Veterans Health Access Program (RVHAP), Small Rural Hospital Improvement Program (SHIP)

Question 49

The purpose of Medigap policies are:

Accepted Answer

to fill the “gaps” in Original Medicare Plan coverage

Question 50

What is a major contributor to 74% of rural hospitals closing?

Accepted Answer

Lack of Medicaid expansion and low reimbursement rates

Question 51

How can climate change affect medication supplies?

Accepted Answer

By causing shortages

Question 52

What is the penalty for late enrollment in Medicare Part D?

Accepted Answer

they may face a late enrollment penalty (see above)

Question 53

The social determinants of health that significantly contribute to delayed healthcare:

Accepted Answer

Neighborhood and built environment, Economic stability, Social and community context, Education access and quality

Question 54

The essential goals of quality improvement related to healthcare:

Accepted Answer

Improving healthcare systems, Making evidence-based care decisions, Improving patient outcomes, Improving patient quality of life

Question 55

How can we work together for a healthier future?

Accepted Answer

and promoting community, By collaborating interprofessionally and addressing health disparities,

Question 56

Which of the following is the legislation that required proof of drug safety before marketing in 1938?

Accepted Answer

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FDC) Act

Question 57

what are the health risks associated with delayed treatment for chronic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Higher medical costs, Negative health effects

Question 58

The perspective that views health care as a public good is:

Accepted Answer

based on the idea that everyone should have access to quality health care

Question 59

Which issues associated with PBMs that have led to increased healthcare costs?

Accepted Answer

Rebates and incentives

Question 60

The outcomes that represent health care equity:

Accepted Answer

Equal opportunity

Question 61

The (primary) focus of the Affordable Care Act:

Accepted Answer

increases health insurance coverage for the uninsured, reform the private insurance market, to improve health care access, quality, and cost

Question 62

What is the potential benefit of PBM reform at the federal level?

Accepted Answer

Improving transparency

Question 63

How do rising healthcare costs impact patient access to routine or preventive services, even for those who are insured?

Accepted Answer

lead to financial difficulties that make challenge to afford routine care

Question 64

The 2023 Medicaid unwinding has had several consequences, including:

Accepted Answer

coverage lost, disrupted care

Health care system Final Form

Questions 66

Health care system Final Form

Questions 66