stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
AP Psychology Exam Review 2023 Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
AP Psychology Exam Review 2023
AP Psychology Exam Review 2023
82 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
236 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
82 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
82
Answers
1
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
2
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
Our adaptability to different problems.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
3
Which method of therapy is most eclectic?
Psychodynamic
Token economy
Psychoanalytic
Client-centered
4
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
5
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
6
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A belief in luck.
A strong libido.
A positive self-concept.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
7
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
The on/off switch on a computer.
The ignition switch on a car.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
8
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Continuous
Variable Ratio
Fixed Ratio
Fixed Interval
9
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
10
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
11
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Behaviorism
The unconscious mind
Gestalt Theory
Structuralism
12
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Serotonin
13
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Lithium
Prozac
Haldol
Valium
14
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Dopamine
GABA
Serotonin
Endorphins
15
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
16
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Syllogistic
Formal operations
Abstract reasoning
Operational
17
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Somatic therapy
ECT
Transference
Systematic desensitization
18
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Equilibrium
Primary satisfaction
Self-actualization
Homeostasis
19
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
20
All schizophrenics suffer from...
Compulsions
Depression
Hallucinations
Multiple personalities
21
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Conventional
Pre-operational
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
22
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
4.5
5.5
5
6
23
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
PET and EEG
CAT and EKG
EKG and CAT
MRI and CAT
24
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
A straight line
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
Normal
25
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Applause
Chocolate cake
High grades
Money
26
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Self-esteem
Intelligence
Motor development
Reading ability
27
On a second date, Megan tells Francisco that she loves to watch Rugrats. This is called...?
Self-disclosure
Open communication
In-group bias
Deindividuation
28
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Avoidant
Secure
Authoritative
Authoritarian
29
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Appropriate for only female patients.
Too applicable for research settings.
Unscientific and unverifiable
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
30
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
The need for a representative sample
Many confounding variables
Concerns over validity
Sampling error
31
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
32
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
Interposition
Convergence
33
Which statement about bulimia is true?
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
34
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
35
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Recovered Memory
Sensory Memory
Constructive Memory
Selective Attention
36
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Unconscious level
Subconscious level
Autonomic level
Nonconscious level
37
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Openness
Honesty
Extraversion
Agreeableness
38
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
39
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The number of participants involved.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The time span of the study.
40
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
Which pain messages are perceived.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
41
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Inferential
Introspection
Structuralism
Naturalistic observation
42
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
II and III
II Only
I, II, and III
I and II
43
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Cognitive
Behaviorist
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
44
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Behaviorist
Structuralist
Biopsychologist
Psychoanalytic
45
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Identity
Affection
Autonomy
Career
46
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
47
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 4
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
Stage 1
REM Sleep
48
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Thorazine
49
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Abstract reasoning
Control of the left hand
Producing speech
Spatial reasoning
50
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Obsessions
Compulsions
Hallucinations
Delusions
51
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
Ivan Pavlov
52
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Mr. Tamp calls on boys more often than girls.
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders.
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart.
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
53
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
US
CR
UR
CS
54
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The location of the learner.
The number of people in the group.
55
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Denial
Sublimation
Rationalization
56
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
57
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
58
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
59
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
60
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Practical
Spatial
Musical
Linguistic
61
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
Increased arousal.
Less reported stress.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
62
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Past conditioning
Biological processes
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Individual choice
63
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
64
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Adrenaline
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Endorphins
65
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It is also valid.
It yields consistent results.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is given in the same way every time.
66
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
67
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Eclectic
Humanist
Functionalist
Social-cultural
68
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
Original research in this area is difficult.
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
69
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Occur only after stressful events.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
70
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Continuous
Variable Interval
71
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
72
Which approach toward personality is the least deterministic?
Biological
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behaviorist
73
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Eclectic
Open-minded
Mixed
Flexible
74
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
75
Weber's Law determines...
Amplitude of sound waves
Just-noticeable difference
Absolute threshold
Level of subliminal messages
76
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
77
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Conversion Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Zoophobia
Panic Disorder
78
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
79
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Memory loss
Hallucinations
Tardive dyskinesia
Hysteria
80
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers
Aaron Beck
Fritz Perls
Albert Ellis
81
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
82
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Standardized test
Aptitude test
Achievement test
Intelligence test
