Earth Science Midterm Review

Question 1

ESSRT for the following question. What direction do winds move around a low pressure system in the Northern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Inward, Counterclockwise

Question 2

On a warm sunny day, you will feel cooler wearing light-colored clothes because they

Accepted Answer

Reflect more light energy.

Question 3

How might an increase in freshwater input affect ocean currents?

Accepted Answer

It could disrupt currents by changing water density and salinity

Question 4

Which current drives hurricanes across the Atlantic ocean to the Caribbean Islands and the east coast of the US? (ESSRT)

Accepted Answer

North Equatorial Current

Question 5

Use the ESSRT to answer the following question. What current can be found at 75°N and 15°E?

Accepted Answer

Norwegian Current

Question 6

What is the primary driving force behind deep water currents?

Accepted Answer

Density differences due to variations in temperature and salinity

Question 7

El Niño has global effects on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 8

How does air move in the Hadley cell?

Accepted Answer

Warm air rises at the equator and cool air sinks at 30°N

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between ocean currents and marine ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

influence the distribution of nutrients, affecting entire food webs

Question 10

What is the primary process involved in cloud formation?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Question 11

Scientist have proposed that the burning of fossil fuels increases concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere because

Accepted Answer

We are burning fossil fuels at a much higher rate than they are formed.

Question 12

What causes the water table to rise and become higher?

Accepted Answer

Above normal precipitation

Question 13

All of these activities release carbon into the atmosphere except:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes how greenhouse gases raise the average temperature of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Short-wavelength can come in but prevent long-wavelengths can't leave.

Question 15

What consequence might a decrease in Arctic albedo have on the region?

Accepted Answer

Further warming of the Arctic

Question 16

What term describes water that flows over the land surface rather than being absorbed into the ground?

Accepted Answer

Runoff

Question 17

Using the map in your ESSRT why is Nova Scotia is significantly colder than France?

Accepted Answer

The Labrador Current coming out of the north

Question 18

What is one of the main indicators of El Niño's presence and strength?

Accepted Answer

Wind speed changes

Question 19

Where is the majority of Earth’s water found?

Accepted Answer

In the oceans

Question 20

How does water's heat capacity affect Earth's climate?

Accepted Answer

It makes coastal areas warmer in winter and cooler in summer

Question 21

Fresh water can enter a surface-water body such as a lake via ____________

Accepted Answer

All of the answers

Question 22

Milankovitch cycles reflect periodic change in three properties of Earth’s orbit. What are these three properties?

Accepted Answer

Eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession

Question 23

___ causes the ocean gyres to flow in certain directions based on the Hemisphere it is in.

Accepted Answer

The effect of Earth’s rotation (the Coriolis effect)

Question 24

ESSRT for the following question. What direction do winds move around a high pressure system in the N, Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Outward, Counter

Question 25

In an area with low soil permeability, what is most likely to happen to rainwater?

Accepted Answer

It will form more surface runoff

Question 26

Which of the following materials is likely to be most permeable?

Accepted Answer

Pure sand

Question 27

The unique qualities of water that make it critical to the functioning of Earth’s systems include

Accepted Answer

Water’s ability to store large quantities of heat.

Question 28

Use the ESSRT to answer the following question. Which ocean current flows along the west coast of South America?

Accepted Answer

Peru Current

Question 29

What is the name of the pressure belt at 30°N?

Accepted Answer

Subtropical high pressure

Question 30

Which factor most likely causes two cities at the same latitude to have different yearly average temperature ranges?

Accepted Answer

Distance from a large body of water

Question 31

The following is an example of a process that adds CO2 to the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 32

What is the primary cause of increasing ocean acidity?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Question 33

Most water vapor enters the atmosphere by the processes of

Accepted Answer

Evaporation and transpiration.

Question 34

What soil has the greatest permeability and will allow the most water to flow through?

Accepted Answer

X

Earth Science Midterm Review

Questions 34

Earth Science Midterm Review

Questions 34