AP World History Ultimate 200! 101-200

World Cup soccer and the Olympics reflected a globalized society

Indian National Congress resisted British imperialism

Buildup of the military-industrial complex

Muhammad Ali’s development of the cotton textile industry in Egypt

Serfdom in Western Europe

Colonial economies in the Americas depended on agriculture

Communist revolution for Vietnamese independence

Kingdom of the Kongo grew due to participation in trading networks

Transfer of scholarship in math, literature, and medicine from the Muslim caliphates to Euro.

New energy technologies, such as petroleum and nuclear power

Release of greenhouse gases contributed to climate change

Muslim rule expanded due to military expansion, merchant activity, missionaries, and Sufis

Vietnam gained independence through armed struggle

Cash crops such as cotton and tobacco grown on plantations with coerced labor

Development of internal combustion engine

Textile production in India and Egypt declined due to industrialization in Europe

Mercantilism practiced by most European states

Slave resistance, such as Nat Turner’s Rebellion

Rapid urbanization caused by industrialization led to pollution and insufficient infrastructure

New transportation technologies, such as air travel and shipping containers

Europeans established settler colonies, such as the British in New Zealand

Chinese government controlled the economy through the Great Leap Forward

India negotiated independence from British empire

Protestant Reformation created a new branch of Christianity

Women and children in working class families worked in factories

New medical innovations, such as vaccines and antibiotics

Manchu elites rule Qing China

Soviet Union controlled the economy through the Five Year Plans and repressive policies

American foods like corn and potatoes became staple crops in Afro-Eurasia

European states, such as the Portuguese, sponsored transoceanic maritime exploration

Growth of multinational corporations, such as Nestle and Nissan

US Civil Rights Movement

Camel saddle and caravans encouraged trade along the trans-Saharan trade network

Literacy increased due to increased government funding for the arts from tax money

Abolition of slavery in Europe and the Americas

Mexica (Aztecs) practiced human sacrifice

Rulers and merchants use joint-stock companies to finance exploration

Sokoto caliphate established in West Africa

Cold War

“Second Industrial Revolution” used steel, chemicals, electricity, and precision machinery

Peasant and artisan labor intensified, such as in China’s silk and India’s cotton industries

Chinese and Indian indentured servitude

Seneca Falls Conference organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott

Soviet Union fell bc of US military development, failure in Afghanistan, and public discontent

Portuguese constructed a trading-post empire

Ottoman empire and Qing empires attempted but failed to industrialize

Simon Bolivar’s “Letter from Jamaica”

Syncretic religions like vodun created

Algeria gained independence through armed struggle

Workers organized into labor unions to improve conditions and wages

Nazi Germany practiced fascism, totalitarianism, and militarism

Green Revolution increased agricultural output

Holocaust

Enlightenment ideas such as individualism, natural rights, and social contract developed

United States and Soviet Union emerged as superpowers after WWII

French “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen”

Global brands such as Coca-Cola reflected a globalized society

World Trade Organization created to promote economic growth and stability

Transfer of Greco-Islamic medical knowledge to western Europe

Trade in items like opium and cotton gave European/American businesses an advantage

Communist revolution in Russia

American, Haitian, and Latin American independence movements

Tusti genocide in Rwanda

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade began

Decentralized monarchies, feudalism, and the manorial system in Western Europe

Trade in Cahokia in North America flourished

Growth of Mali in West Africa

Karl Marx developed communism

Fear of nuclear proliferation

WWI caused by militarism, flawed alliances, imperialist competition, and nationalism

Communist revolution in China

Increase in diseases associated with longevity, such as heart disease and Alzheimer’s disease

Spread of global feminism

Industrial production and manufacturing economies in Vietnam and Mexico

Indentured servitude began in the Americas

New military alliances, such as NATO and Warsaw Pact

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo wrote about travels around Afro-Eurasia

Adam Smith’s theories of laissez-faire capitalism and free markets developed

Cossack revolts in Russia

Bubonic plague spread along the Silk Road

Decrease in diseases associated with poverty, such as malaria and tuberculosis

Euro states established new maritime empires (Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French, and British)

English, French, and Dutch governments sponsored exploration to find sailing route to Asia

City-states along the Swahili Coast grew due to Indian Ocean trade

Chinese maritime activity led by Ming Admiral Zheng He

Songhai empire’s conflict with Morocco

Incan m’ita system

Gunpowder and paper first diffused from China

Columbian Exchange connected the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Proxy wars such as Korean War

Establishment of maroon societies in the Caribbean and Brazil

Industrialization spread from NW Europe to other parts of Europe, the US, Russia, and Japan

Right to vote and hold public office granted to women in the United States

Muslim League in British India challenged colonial rule

New rice varieties, such as champa rice, spread to East Asia

The West dominated global political order at beginning of the period

Diasporic communities, such as Arabs in E. Africa and Chinese merchants in S.E. Asia, developed

Mughal empire

More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility

Safavid empire fought Mughal empire for land in Afghanistan