Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Review

Question 1

Earth's thin, rocky outer layer is its ........

Accepted Answer

crust

Question 2

A tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under ......

Accepted Answer

the ocean floor

Question 3

Overall, which seismic waves are the most destructive?

Accepted Answer

surface waves

Question 4

Which seismic waves compress and expand rocks in the direction the waves travel?

Accepted Answer

P waves

Question 5

Which seismic waves travel most rapidly?

Accepted Answer

P waves

Question 6

Earth's inner core is solid because of .......

Accepted Answer

immense pressure

Question 7

Major earthquakes are sometimes preceded by smaller earthquakes called......

Accepted Answer

foreschocks

Question 8

Which of the following causes earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

elastic rebound

Question 9

Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy stored in rock?

Accepted Answer

elastic

Question 10

What instrument records earthquake waves?

Accepted Answer

seismograph

Question 11

The scale most widely used by scientists for measuring earthquakes is the ...

Accepted Answer

moment magnitude scale

Question 12

The minimum number of seismic stations needed to locate an earthquake's epicenter?

Accepted Answer

three

Question 13

Earthquakes can turn stable soil into a fluid through a process called .....

Accepted Answer

liquefaction

Question 14

Which affects the amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations?

Accepted Answer

all of the answers

Question 15

The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 occurred along what fault?

Accepted Answer

the San Andreas fault

Question 16

When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called

Accepted Answer

focus

Question 17

The distance between a seismic station and the earthquake epicenter is determined from the ...

Accepted Answer

arrival times of P and S waves

Question 18

The trace that records an earthquake from seismic instruments is called a .....

Accepted Answer

seismogram

Question 19

Earthquakes are usually associated with...

Accepted Answer

faults

Question 20

A seismogram shows that P waves travel....

Accepted Answer

faster than S waves

Question 21

Most of the information about Earth's interior was obtained by studying ......

Accepted Answer

earthquake waves

Question 22

An earthquake's epicenter is ...

Accepted Answer

the place on the surface directly above the focus

Question 23

The movement that follows a major earthquake often generate smaller earthquakes called ....

Accepted Answer

aftershocks

Question 24

A succession of ocean waves set in motion by a submarine earthquake is called a ......

Accepted Answer

tsunami

Question 25

The hypothesis that explains the release of energy during an earthquake is called the ...

Accepted Answer

elastic rebound hypothesis

Question 26

What layers of Earth make up the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

the continental crust and oceanic crust

Question 27

The slow continuous movement that occurs along some fault zones is referred to as....

Accepted Answer

creep

Question 28

Which of the following areas would most likely be the safest during a major earthquake?

Accepted Answer

area with granite bedrock

Question 29

Long-range earthquake forecasts are based on the idea that earthquakes are ....

Accepted Answer

repetitive

Question 30

A fault is ......

Accepted Answer

a fracture in the Earth where movement has occurred

Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Review

Questions 30

Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Earth's Interior Review

Questions 30