stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5) Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5)
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5)
84 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
170 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
84 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
84
Answers
1
According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact?
a custom
a law
all of the other answer choices are social facts
A religious belief
2
Many married couples met while they were in high school or college. This is an example of education's ______ functions
manifest
dysfunctional
cunjunction
latent
3
Surveying the religious affiliation of Americans as a whole is an example of _____________
conflict sociology
figurational sociology
micro-sociology
macro-sociology
4
See pic:
ethnography
experiment
secondary data analysis
survey
5
Sociologists use the concept of "norms" to describe ________.
expressions of disapproval for violating socially acceptable behavior
ideas about what is true or false
standards by which people define what is socially desirable
expectations or rules of behavior that develop from values
6
Using secondary data is considered an unobtrusive or ________ research method
nonrestrictive
nonreactive
nonconfrontive
nonparticipatory
7
Which set of data-gathering methods best represent qualitative sociology?
Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.
In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources
Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.
Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming
8
Which of the following research approaches is best suited to the scientific method?
case study
unstructured interviews
survey questionnaire
ethnography
9
The process by which technology changes more quickly than legal and cultural systems is called _________.
Globalization
Multiculturalism
Cultural Leveling
Cultural Lag
10
What term can be described as,"specific, measurable explanations of abstract concepts that a researcher plans to study"?
operational definition
primary data
conceptualization
validity
11
What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level?
Parental beliefs have no influence on children’s morality
Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral
Children develop the ability to have abstract thoughts
Morality is developed by pain and pleasure
12
Receiving the Medal of Honor and making the Dean's List are both examples of ________.
folkways
value clusters
positive sanctions
value contradictions
13
See pic:
stereotyping
culture shock
ethnocentrism
cultural relativism
14
A statement that describes how variables are expected to be related to one another,according to predictions from theory:
secondary prediction
hypothesis
correlation
primary function
15
See image:
symbolic interactionism
feminist theory
structural functionalism
conflict
16
The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography (the Sociological Imagination):
C. Wright Mills
Talcott Parsons
Emile Durkheim
Herbert Spencer
17
Patterns of child-rearing vary by class. Lower-class parents generally stress ___, while middle class parents stress ___
independence; dependence
independence; protecting children
obedience; creativity
creativity; obedience
18
The sociologist who identified ten underlying core values of American society was ________.
Edward Wilson
Michael Burawoy
Robin Williams
John Jacob Natzke
19
Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that certain populations are excluded.
the conflict perspective
structural functionalism
behaviorism
symbolic interactionism
20
Positive and negative (and formal and informal) sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society:
regulates behavior
determines laws
establishes leaders
determines language
21
See pic:
a nonprofit health organization
a corporation that owns several fast food chains
A governmental agency like Health and Social Services
a private hospital
22
Which theoretical perspective is most likely to use the analogy of the human body to illustrate how society works?
Conflict theory
symbolic interactionism
feminism
functionalism
23
Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?
conflict theorists and structural functionalists
symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists
conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists
symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
24
The Harlows’ study on rhesus monkeys showed that:
rhesus monkeys raised by other primate species are poorly socialized
food is more important than social comfort
monkeys can be adequately socialized by imitating humans
social comfort is more important than food
25
An example of high culture is ___________, whereas an example of popular culture would be ____________.
American Idol; films from the Sundance festival
political theory; sociological theory
country music; pop music
Dostoevsky style in film; the National Football League
26
See the pic
ideal culture
cultural imperialism
material culture
behavioral normativity
27
Symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought:
language
pattern
gesture
technology
28
Alona is examining the impact football on school spirit by distributing surveys to classes. She is employing a ___method
logos
Qualitative
pathos
quantitative
29
Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a:
Negative formal sanction
Negative informal sanction
Positive informal sanction
Positive formal sanction
30
From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person’s socialization?
social class
race
gender
Blood type
31
Which sociologist developed the concept of double consciousness?
Emile Durkheim
Ida B. Wells
Max Weber
WEB DuBois
32
The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that
mores refer to nonmaterial culture; folkways refer to material culture
mores refer to material culture; folkways refer to nonmaterial culture
mores are absolute, whereas folkways are temporary
mores are linked to morality; folkways are linked to what is commonplace
33
Émile Durkheim’s study of suicide is important to sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was:
It allowed psychology and sociology to merge into one field
It earned Émile Durkheim the title “Father of Sociology”
It defined the differences between sociology and psychology
It showed the psychological reasons for suicide to be a lie
34
The belief that one’s own culture is superior to other cultures is called:
imperialism
nationalism
ethnocentrism
xenocentrism
35
Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?
Following a schedule
Knowing locker room etiquette
Learning to read and write
Understanding when to speak up and when to be silent
36
Mead claimed that the origin of the self is found in _______
social experience
the functioning of the brain
genetics
biological drives
37
Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice?
Using a control group and an experimental group during observation
Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment
Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict
Observing study participants without their consent
38
A car’s use for transportation is an example of its ____function, while using a car for storage is an example of a _____
manifest; latent
latent; manifest
manifest; participatory
manifest; storage
39
A measurement is considered ______ if it actually measures what it is intended to measure, according to the study topic.
quantitative
socological
valid
reliable
40
Which data-gathering method would a sociologist use to gather quantitative data?
a large survey
a series of observations of public behavior
a literature search
an unstructured interview
41
See pic:
Control group
Experimental group
Dependent Variable
Independent variable
42
The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior is:
Dramaturgical Analysis
Latent Functions
Dynamic equilibrium
Figuration
43
A hypothesis can be defined as:
A testable proposition
An attempt to explain large-scale relationships
Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline
A way to explain different aspects of social interactions
44
See pic:
The Regressive Effect
The Hawthorne Effect
The Cognizant Effect
The Authority Effect
45
A group has a distinctive culture, but its values and norms are not at odds with the larger culture. This is a(n):
example of cultural diffusion
counterculture
subculture
example of cultural relativism
46
Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialization of recent high school graduates?
They are required to move away from their parents
They're expected to enter college or the workforce shortly after graduation
They are expected to take a year “off” before college
They are required to serve in the military for one year
47
Which of the following is NOT considered part of the sociological definition of a society?
regular interaction
people living in the same geographical area
shared culture
people who all speak the same language
48
Pieces of material culture that identify a person as occupying a particular status are referred to as ________.
ascribed master status
status symbols
inherited status
achieved master status
49
All of the following statements are accurate regarding language, EXCEPT for which one?
Language is universal in terms of the meaning of particular sounds
Language is a series of symbols that can be strung together infinitely
language allows culture to exist
Language is the primary method people use to communicate with one another
50
Capitalism as an idea represents _____ culture, while the cars produced by capitalist companies represents ____ culture
counterculture; material
a universal; material
material; non-material
non-material; material
51
The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by:
linguistics
ethnographic imagery
the Sapir-Wharf hypothesis
bilingualism
52
A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone’s personality through carefully controlling the environment is
a cohort community
a degradation ceremony
an anticipatory social center
a total institution
53
See the pic
symbolic interactionism
conflict theory
functionalism
ethnocentrism
54
Peer groups are important to adolescents because:
They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents’ parents
They provide the second major socialization experience outside the family
They (can)rank higher in importance to adolescents’ than parental influence
All of the other answers are correct
55
What is the importance of the interpretive framework?
It eliminates the need for a literature review.
It relies on statistics to determine causal relationships
It prevents researchers from making unethical decisions
It leads to in-depth knowledge of a participant’s social world
56
According to Erving Goffman, the goal of a total institution is to _______
encourage lifelong learning in a supervised context
radically alter a person’s personality or behavior
help integrate a troubled patient into the outside world
give a person greater choices about how to live
57
Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?
Putting your cell phone on silent during a Broadway production
Marrying the partner whom your parents have chosen for you
incest taboos
Holding hands with your best friend
58
Please define C. Wright Mill’s
sociological imagination
.
The process of analyzing human behavior based solely on statistics
A series of interviews asking subjects about their sleep habits and dreams
The theory that man evolved slowly over time
How individuals make connections between biography, structure, and history
59
The pollution that cars leak into the atmosphere is an example of a _____________
latent function
manifest function
allocation function
dysfunction
60
See the pic
material culture
culture shock
cultural imperialism
xenocentrism
61
According to Robert Merton, ________ are the intended beneficial consequences of social institutions.
latent dysfunctions
manifest dysfunctions
latent functions
manifest functions
62
Sociology
is defined as the:
Systematic study of society and social interaction
Quantitative analysis of social transgressions
Qualitative analysis of human phenomenon
Theoretical examination of life’s origins
63
Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
Formulate a hypothesis
Research existing sources
Receive corroboration from the field
Report your results
64
Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?
Lawrence Kohlberg
Erik Erikson
Carol Gilligan
Sigmund Freud
65
Mead used the concept “generalized other” to refer to _______
important individuals in the child’s life
widespread cultural norms and values people take as their own
any “significant other.”
a person who provides complete care for a child
66
See image:
the influences of one's peer group
the generalized other
the hidden curriculum of schools
the influences of a total institution
67
Which of the following people coined the term
positivism
, and is widely considered the father of sociology?
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Émile Durkheim
Max Weber
68
See pic:
interpretation
reliability
literacy
validity
69
Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialization?
School
Family
Mass media
workplace
70
Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?
The Kardashian obsession in the 2010’s
The hippie movement in the 1960’s
The yuppie craze in the 1980’s
The disco invasion in the 1970’s
71
Education is important to society because:
It teaches children facts about the world in which they live
It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave
It teaches children how to interact with their peers
All of the other answers are correct
72
Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public’s perception of World War II.
interactive data
primary data
tertiary data
secondary data
73
See image
a graduation ceremony
an exit test that must be passed
a degradation ceremony
An entry test that must be passed
74
See pic:
surveys
field research
experiment
secondary data analysis
75
George Herbert Mead’s specific path of development for individuals is as follows:
Game stage, play stage, generalized other stage
game stage, play stage, generalized other stage
imitation stage, play stage, game stage
Generalized other stage, preparatory stage, play stage
76
See the pic
post-modernism
social welfare
social Darwinism
positivism
77
See the pic
unrealistic culture; realistic culture
real culture; symbolic culture
ideal culture; real culture
material culture; symbolic culture
78
In order to understand the pledging process at her university for her thesis, Carmen pledges with a popular sorority.
dependent variables
literature review
secondary data analysis
participant observation
79
See the pic
public sociology; culture shock
value contradiction; value cluster
ethnocentrism; cultural relativism
culture shock; cultural diffusion
80
____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes:
Auguste Comte
Emile Durkeheim
Karl Marx
Max Weber
81
A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results is:
value neutrality
methodological conundrum
survey research
subjectivity
82
Which sociological approach to education is most likely to focus on the ways education perpetuates forms of inequality?
conflict theory
structural functionalism
rational choice theory
symbolic interactionism
83
In the nature versus nurture debate, sociologists claim that _______
nature is far more important than nurture
nurture is far more important than nature
nature and nurture have equal importance
neither nature nor nurture creates the essence of our humanity
84
Max Weber, in contrast to positivists, called for a sociology interested in a deep understanding of its subjects, called
ethnography
case studies
verstehen
schadenfreude