What was responsible for increasing the domestic slave trade in the early 1800s?

An act of Congress banned the importation of slaves into the country.

Which statement about free African Americans in the 1860s is true?

Some of them were descendants of refugees from the Haitian Revolution.

Why did the value of slaves drop in the South following the American Revolution?

Crop prices fell and the demand for slaves decreased.

What was the main problem with the production of tobacco before the 1840s?

Tobacco needed to be dried before shipping., Tobacco needed to be dried before shipping.

Unlike slaves on the plantations, slaves working in the planters’ houses usually

had better food, clothing, and shelter.

Many planters used the gang-labor system, in which all field hands

focused on the same task at the same time.

What were spirituals?

emotional Christian songs sung by slaves

What does “crop rotation” involve?

Changing the type of plant grown on a given plot each year in order to prot

What advantage did skilled slaves have over unskilled slaves?

earning money to buy their freedom

Why were slaves uneducated?

Teaching slaves was prohibited in most states.

Why did industry remain a minor part of the southern economy after the 1840s?

Planters received tax cuts to cultivate crops.

Why did southern cotton planters rely on the region’s rivers to ship goods?

The lack of roads made shipping by land very difficult.

How did enslaved parents pass their culture down to their children?

They told folktales with traditional characters and morals.

Many of the first factories in the South were built for the

processing of crops such as sugarcane.

What were slave codes?

strict state laws that controlled the actions of slaves

In what way did slaves rebel against long working hours?

They slowed down their work in the fields.

Why did many southern cities and states pass laws to limit the rights of freed slaves?

Southern citizens feared freed slaves would try to encourage slave revolts

Wealthy white southerners used religion to justify the institution of slavery by arguing that

God created some people to rule over others.

What was the “cotton belt”?

An area stretching from South Carolina to Texas that grew most of the count

Nat Turner’s Rebellion was the

most violent slave uprising in the United States.

Free African Americans in the 1860s could

engage in business transactions.

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Chapter 13 The South

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Answers

1
What was responsible for increasing the domestic slave trade in the early 1800s?
Farmers eager for profits headed west in search of land to grow cotton.
Some leaders wanted the South to grow a greater variety of cash crops.
An act of Congress banned the importation of slaves into the country.
Stronger types of cotton began to emerge as a result of crossbreeding
2
Which statement about free African Americans in the 1860s is true?
All of them moved to free states in the North after gaining their freedom.
Many of them joined labor unions to help them bargain for higher wages
Some of them were descendants of refugees from the Haitian Revolution.
None of them had been willingly set free by their slaveholders.
3
In the first half of the 1800s, what portion of white southern families had slaves?
three-quarters
two-thirds
one-half
one-third
4
Why did the value of slaves drop in the South following the American Revolution?
The practice of slavery became unpopular in the South.
Slaves began to escape to the North.
Crop prices fell and the demand for slaves decreased.
Slaves launched rebellions throughout the South.
5
Slaves most often ran away from slaveholders in order to do what?
visit relatives
study in secret
get medical attention
attend church
6
What was the main problem with the production of tobacco before the 1840s?
Tobacco could be grown only in the North.
Tobacco was illegal in many states.
Tobacco needed to be dried before shipping.
Tobacco needed to be dried before shipping.
7
Unlike slaves on the plantations, slaves working in the planters’ houses usually
had better food, clothing, and shelter.
worked shorter hours.
did not work when they were sick.
received payment.
8
Many planters used the gang-labor system, in which all field hands
were trained to do different tasks.
focused on the same task at the same time.
decided how to organize the day’s work.
worked in shifts throughout the day.
9
What were spirituals?
emotional Christian songs sung by slaves
rebellions led by slaves
places where slaves went to worship
stories with lessons about slavery
10
What does “crop rotation” involve?
Turning the soil over after a harvest to prevent insects from spending the
Raking fertilizer into the ground around the roots of young plants to mix a
Changing the type of plant grown on a given plot each year in order to prot
Crossbreeding short staple cotton with other varieties to maximize quality.
11
What have some historians called “the invisible institution”?
slave religion
the punishment of slaves
the practice of slavery
slave rebellion
12
What advantage did skilled slaves have over unskilled slaves?
working shorter hours
moving from plantation to plantation
living in their owner’s house
earning money to buy their freedom
13
A “yeoman” was a/an
freed southern slave
white owner of a small farm
established plantation owner
northern slave sold to a Southerner
14
How was life in southern cities similar to plantation life in the 1800s?
Local governments funded water systems.
Slaves did most of the work.
Public education was widely available.
Business owners maintained streets.
15
Why were slaves uneducated?
Teaching slaves was prohibited in most states.
Slaves wanted to keep an oral tradition.
Teaching slaves did not pay well.
Slaves had no time to study.
16
Why did industry remain a minor part of the southern economy after the 1840s?
The South did not have the resources to set up factories.
Planters preferred to perform manual labor.
Both England and the North could produce goods more cheaply.
Planters received tax cuts to cultivate crops.
17
Most of the South’s big cities had started as
antislavery communities.
cotton plantations.
industrial villages.
shipping centers.
18
Why did southern cotton planters rely on the region’s rivers to ship goods?
The transportation revolution had introduced the flatboat.
The lack of roads made shipping by land very difficult.
The new railroad transport was still too costly.
The traffic on roads made road travel time consuming.
19
How did enslaved parents pass their culture down to their children?
They told folktales with traditional characters and morals.
They told the children biblical tales of the exodus from slavery.
They showed their children how to outsmart slaveholders.
They taught children Christian songs about freedom.
20
Many of the first factories in the South were built for the
construction of iron materials.
processing of crops such as sugarcane.
cutting, sorting, and cleaning of lumber.
bundling of cotton bales.
21
What happened to Nat Turner after the rebellion he started in 1831?
He escaped to the North.
He was sentenced to death.
He was imprisoned for life.
He was killed by a slaveholder.
22
What were slave codes?
a secret language slaves used to communicate
the policy of slaves to always help one another
strict state laws that controlled the actions of slaves
a set of rules for slave behavior set by a council of planters
23
In what way did slaves rebel against long working hours?
They prayed for God to teach masters the virtue of equal treatment.
They slowed down their work in the fields.
They hid their masters’ whips and chains.
They stole books from their masters and taught themselves to read.
24
Why did many southern cities and states pass laws to limit the rights of freed slaves?
White churches were losing members to the independent church movement.
Southern citizens feared freed slaves would try to encourage slave revolts
Lawmakers felt freed slaves had not earned the benefits of citizenship
State governments wanted to teach the lesson that freedom brings responsibi
25
How did most planters encourage slave obedience?
by withholding payment for work completed
through physical punishments
by offering rewards of better food, clothing, and shelter
through incentives such as education
26
Wealthy white southerners used religion to justify the institution of slavery by arguing that
God created some people to rule over others.
slavery was right because it was practiced in the Bible.
God selected whites as his “chosen people.”
slavery taught "savages" to bow to a higher authority.
27
What was the “cotton belt”?
An area stretching from South Carolina to Texas that grew most of the count
The southern region east of the Mississippi that produced two-thirds of the
Fields in Mexico where agricultural scientists worked to crossbreed short-s
A long stretch of land in the South where short-staple cotton crops were wi
28
Nat Turner’s Rebellion was the
least popular political revolt in U.S. history.
most effective revolt at stemming the spread of slavery.
most violent slave uprising in the United States.
least damaging uprising to the abolitionist cause.
29
What was the effect of Nat Turner’s rebellion of 1831?
Slave codes were toughened.
Slaves lost the right to a fair trial.
Slaves obtained better working conditions.
Terrified slaveholders freed their slaves.
30
Free African Americans in the 1860s could
vote in presidential elections.
travel nationwide without restriction.
engage in business transactions.
hold any job they desired.

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