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Intro to Soc; exam 2 review (DCC) Flashcards | StudBud
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Intro to Soc; exam 2 review (DCC)
Intro to Soc; exam 2 review (DCC)
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1
A main characteristic of the underclass is chronic unemployment.
True
False
2
Before it was considered an illness, what was the main perspective on the causes of alcoholism
moral failure
lack of self-control
psychological dispositions
genetic disposition
3
Deviance is best defined as behavior that is inherently abnormal
False
True
4
What type of country would be characterized by high standards of living and high-purchasing power
developed
first world
western
post-industrial
5
Within what framework did Karl Marx place his examination of class?
status
life chances
privilege
the economy
6
Deviant subcultures provide their members with
stable environments.
useful skills.
an identity and self-worth.
stable environments.
7
Why is white-collar crime rarely prosecuted, and why do its perpetrators typically go unpunished?
It is less immoral than non-white-collar crime
White-collar crime is typically less harmful than other types of crime.
White-collar perpetrators have high status and power
White-collar crime is rare
8
The negative attitudes held by people in the United States toward obese individuals is
rooted in norms that define fat bodies as deviant
not stigmatizing because excess fat is unhealthy.
now accepted as the new normal.
nderstandable because weight is something that can be controlled.
9
Power is an important factor to consider in the understanding of deviance because
some groups have the power to define deviance.
the more powerful can defend themselves.
some people have power to overcome deviance.
the powerful can afford to be deviant
10
What is the best match to Karl Marx's term "bourgeoisie"
capitalist class
middle class
working class
upper class
11
According to Emile Durkheim's definition, an act is deviant or criminal because it
is essentially wrong by any standard.
is illegal.
is inherently immoral.
offends social norms.
12
Excessive spending, often done with the intention of showing off or impressing others, is what Thorstein Veblen termed
capital classism
capitalist consumerism
conspicuous consumption.
class mobility.
13
A behavior comes to be defined as deviant because
it is publicly labeled as deviant.
it is inherently and profoundly wrong.
it is contrary to a moral code.
most believe that it is deviant.
14
Which type of power is based on the ability to define social reality?
cultural power
referent power
informational power
political power
15
Middle class is a social class is identified by its contribution of specialized knowledge to the economy.
True
False
16
A cultural shift in which a formerly deviant behavior is reclassified as acceptable is referred to as
compensation
normalization.
acceptance.
restructuring.
17
Which of the following represents wealth?
wages and stocks
stocks and interest income
homes and stocks
homes and rent income
18
When organizations form coalitions in order to pool their resources, they are participating in networking
True
False
19
Persuasion is a strategy typical of which approach to power?
deception
empowerment
direct conflict
domination
20
The medicalization of deviance can also be reversed. Which of the following is an example of demedicalization?
the current definition of antisocial behavior
the current definition of homosexuality
the current definition of mental illness
the current definition of learning problems
21
Soft power tactics focus on
rewards and incentives
emotional appeal.
collaboration and friendship.
emotional appeal.
22
Karl Marx described the working class as the "proletariat"
True
False
23
How does deviance contribute to group solidarity?
Overcoming deviance fosters bonding
People with common deviant dispositions bond
Deviance unites people against a common enemy.
Reformed deviants crave group acceptance
24
Max Weber defined legitimate power as based on
Democratic Elections
accountability to a constituency
the acceptance of and belief in authority
acceptance by the majority
25
According to Dorothy Smith's "standpoint theory," people view society and power from
an individualistic perspective.
a biased standpoint.
an oppositional stance.
the perspective of their group.
26
What term would Karl Marx use to describe someone who owned a small pet grooming shop?
bourgeoisie
proletariat
petite bourgeoisie
petite proletariat
27
Financial assistance from the government to citizens in the form of tax credits or monetary payments is called
social welfare.
government assistance.
capital welfare.
public assistance.
28
Patricia Hill Collins's concept of a matrix of domination is best described as indirect oppression.
False
True
29
Power that is accepted voluntarily is ________ power.
Soft
Economic
Hegemonic
Legitimate
30
Who defined power as the ability to bring about an intended outcome, even when opposed by others?
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Nancy Hartsock
Virginia Held
31
Labeling theory is associated with which of the following sociological perspectives?
symbolic interactionist
feminist
functionalist
conflict
32
Employees' respect for their boss's position and authority is an example of what kind of power?
organizational power
legitimate power
expert power
soft power
33
Which of the following terms best identifies the following types of information we learn: table manners, etiquette
social resources
social capital
cultural capital
cultural resources
34
Strain theory proposes that when ________, people resort to deviant means to accomplish socially defined goals.
ressured by expectations
influenced by a deviant subculture
opportunities arise
conventional opportunities are blocked
35
Culture and power are the two major social sources of global inequality
True
False
36
Which is NOT a factor driving the medicalization of deviance?
growing power of the medical profession
improvement in diagnostic ability
power of pharmaceutical companies
direct consumer advertising
37
When, historically, did the sociological analysis of class and inequality begin?
the mid-twentieth century
the early 1800s
the late 1800s and early 1900s
the first three decades of the 1900s
38
An ex-convict has a difficult time finding employment because his criminal record has become his
internalized self.
secondary deviance
master status
designation as abnormal
39
U.S. Bank is threatening to foreclose on the Johnson family's home due to the number of mortgage payments they have made
The bank is utilizing a soft tactic
The bank is utilizing a rational tactic
The bank is utilizing a unilateral tactic
The bank is utilizing a hard tactic
40
What term refers to a person's change in class position without an overall change in society's class structure?
relative mobility
individual mobility
structural mobility
class mobility
41
Which of the following best defines dependency theory?
Nations become more equal as they develop.
Global inequality is caused by cultural differences.
Global inequality is caused by differences in development.
Inequality is caused by the exploitation of poor nations.