15- The witchcraft trials of the sixteenth and sevententh centuries reflected:

Deep religious uncertainties caused by the Protestant Reformation

19- Napoleon's Concordat with the Vatican:

Meant by implication that the Church accepted the revolutions achievements

21-John Stuart Mills liberalism included the argument that:

women should be freed from their subjection to men

21-In his Principles of Political Economy, David Ricardo argued that:

The number of workers determines the level of wages

15-Peter the great's "Europeanization" of Russia consisted primarily of:

Importing western techocrats and technology to his domain

19-The tennis court oath was significant in the French Revolution bc it:

Was the first time the 3rd estate made a decision without royal approval

15-All of the following were results of the 30 years war except:

the Danes maintained neutrality throughout the conflict

16-Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion:

convinced him that his belief in the "music of the spheres" was right

21- Mazzini's young Italy movement was dedicated to:

Creating a united and independent Italian repubic

18-the agricultural revolution did not:

improve the breeding practices of livestock in scotland

18-During his 46 year reign, Frederick the Great of Prussia did not:

eliminate serfdom and restructure the Prussian class system

20-industrial development in the US was hindered by:

The absence of a good internal transportation system

16- The leared societies made an importat contribution to the SR by:

helping scientists communicate with eachother and in public

21- to the victors meeting in Vienna in 1815, legitimacy meant:

Restoring the rules exiled by Napoleon to their thrones

19-The radical policy of dechristianization:

Failed bc despite the revolution France remained strongly Catholic

20-Britain led the industrial Revolution bc of its combination of:

Stable government and protection of private property

20-the major difference between industrial Development in Britain and on the continent:

Lay in the much greater part continental governments played in the process

20- The Sadler Report studied the demage being done in Britain to:

children used in the labor force

20- The Chadwick Report concluded that in midnineteenth century Britich cities:

atmospheric impurities were the cause of epidemics

21-In his Reflections on the Revolution in France, Edmund Burke argued that:

Only gradual change prevents destruction of tradition

15-Thomas Hobbes and John Locke disagreed over the theory that:

man once lived in a state of nature without government

15-the wars of Louis XIV:

We're typically met by an alliance of their European states

21- Louis XVII's moderating reign was opposed primarily by liberals who favored revolutionary reforms and:

Ultraroyalists who wanted more power for the aristocracy and the Church

18-Nobility in the 18th century was all of the following except:

sensitive to the needs of poor and often raised funds and food for the poor

16- At the time of his death Pascal was attempting to:

prove that a scientist can be a practicing Christian and vice versa

18-As a result of the rebellion led by Emelyan Pugachev, Catherine of Russia:

halted all rural reform and expanded the scope of serfdom

21- The German organization called Berschenschaften was:

Composed of professors, students, and provincial princes

18-Beggars at the end of the 18th century were:

so numerous that they overwhelmed the efforts of charities

18- Cottage Industires did all of the following except:

give extreme wealth to rural workers

20-the people's charter of 1838:

Called for universal male suffrage

15-The English bill of rights of 1689 guaranteed that;

Only parliament could raise taxes and armies

19-the Congress of the US added a bill of rights to the constitution: these amendments:

Derived from 18th century enlightenment thought

16- The long range significant of the Royal Society and Royal Academy was to:

encourage scientists to work coopertatively

16-Copernicus concluded that Ptolemy's view of the universe was...

Wrong because it did not match his mathematical calculations

19-The Committee of Public safety used its rsign of terror to:

Identify and excecute enemies of the Revolution

20- The Irish famine of the mid-nineteenth century was like other famines in that it:

Led to massive emigration from the devastated land

16- Isaac Newton's law of gravity:

showed that one mathematical law applied throughout the uiverse

19-Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812:

So weakened his military machine that within 2 years he was deposed

16- Francis Bacon's major contribution to early modern science lay in:

the creation of a working scientific method, based on induction

15-the palace of Versailles was not:

Completed during the reign of Louis XIII

20- One long-term result of the factory Acts was that:

women were confined to housework and domestic service

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HISTORY FINAL REVIEW

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Questions 85

Answers

1
15- The witchcraft trials of the sixteenth and sevententh centuries reflected:
Deep religious uncertainties caused by the Protestant Reformation
A reaction against the emergence of this new form. Of village culture
The abundance and expendability of women
2
19- Napoleon's Concordat with the Vatican:
Ended the influence of the Catholic Church in france
Gave the pope almost complete control of his bishops in france
Meant by implication that the Church accepted the revolutions achievements
3
21-John Stuart Mills liberalism included the argument that:
women should be freed from their subjection to men
There should be freedom of opinion except in cases of national loyalty
The majority should rule in all questions of social behavior
4
21-In his Principles of Political Economy, David Ricardo argued that:
The number of workers determines the level of wages
Misery and poverty were a result of the laws of nature
Governments should control wages to prevent starvation
5
15-Peter the great's "Europeanization" of Russia consisted primarily of:
Importing western techocrats and technology to his domain
Establishing a senate to debate progressive legislation
Constitutional government and democratic government
6
19-The tennis court oath was significant in the French Revolution bc it:
Ended monarchical rule in France
Was the first time the 3rd estate made a decision without royal approval
Freed all prisoners in France who were being held for political offenses
7
15-All of the following were results of the 30 years war except:
the Danes maintained neutrality throughout the conflict
The pope lost additional influence in European politics
All German states were free to choose their own religion
8
16-Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion:
convinced him that his belief in the "music of the spheres" was right
agreed in every detail with Copernicus' earlier findings
confirmed Copernicus' geocentric view of the universe
led to his condemnation by the Inquisition
9
21- Mazzini's young Italy movement was dedicated to:
The collection of Italian folklore
Supporting nationalist movements in other Europeans states
Creating a united and independent Italian repubic
10
18-the agricultural revolution did not:
improve the breeding practices of livestock in scotland
promote the planting of new crops
provide new nutrient rich crops to improve soil quality
make the potato staple of the Irish diet
11
15-the central literary figure of the elizabethan era was:
Shakespeare
Moliere
Racine
De Vega
12
18-During his 46 year reign, Frederick the Great of Prussia did not:
eliminate serfdom and restructure the Prussian class system
enlarge the army and use it in foreign policy disputes.
make Prussia one of Europe's great powers
have the philosophe Voltaire tutor him at court
13
20-industrial development in the US was hindered by:
The economic policies of the federal government
The absence of a good internal transportation system
A large number of uneducated immigrants
14
16- The leared societies made an importat contribution to the SR by:
demonstrating that experimentation could occur without state support
allowing scholars to work in isolation from the public
helping scientists communicate with eachother and in public
championing the cause of equality of women
15
21- to the victors meeting in Vienna in 1815, legitimacy meant:
Balancing the power of the great nations of Europe
Restoring the rules exiled by Napoleon to their thrones
Restoring the Catholic church to its pre revolutionary power
16
18-The 7 years war:
ended with austria in control of silesia
saw Britain ally with Austria
Led to the weakening of France
Saw much fighting in South america
17
19-The radical policy of dechristianization:
Took over a decade to rid France of religious influence in the government
Failed bc despite the revolution France remained strongly Catholic
Came bc of the fear that a papal army might invade France
18
20-Britain led the industrial Revolution bc of its combination of:
Stable government and protection of private property
Markets on the continent and labor protection laws
Slave labor and colonial markets
19
20-the major difference between industrial Development in Britain and on the continent:
Lay in the less use of tariffs to protect manufacturers on the continient
Lay in the much greater part continental governments played in the process
Can be best seen in the greater # of technical schools built in Britain
20
20-the European population exploded during the 19th century despite:
The presense of major epidemic diseases
An increase in death rate
A decrease In the birth rate
21
20- The Sadler Report studied the demage being done in Britain to:
children used in the labor force
people's religious faith by ill treatment in factories
men being worked from twelve to fourteen hours a day
the environment as a result of industrial growth
22
20- The Chadwick Report concluded that in midnineteenth century Britich cities:
children were being brutalized by working conditions
atmospheric impurities were the cause of epidemics
were incapable of improving the deplorable conditions
the middle class was as likely to suffer from epidemics as the working poor
23
21-In his Reflections on the Revolution in France, Edmund Burke argued that:
Only gradual change prevents destruction of tradition
The tree of liberty should be watered with the blood of revolution
There could never be such a revolution in England
24
15-Thomas Hobbes and John Locke disagreed over the theory that:
Kings rule by divine right
man once lived in a state of nature without government
The only alternative to social chaos is absolute monarchy
25
15-the wars of Louis XIV:
Did not occur until the last 2 decades of his reign
We're typically met by an alliance of their European states
Greatly expanded the size of France
26
21- Louis XVII's moderating reign was opposed primarily by liberals who favored revolutionary reforms and:
Socialists who wanted labor reforms
Utopians who wanted to establish work communes
Ultraroyalists who wanted more power for the aristocracy and the Church
27
18-Nobility in the 18th century was all of the following except:
sensitive to the needs of poor and often raised funds and food for the poor
playing a sighnificant role in the administrative machinery of the state
easily distinguished by the distinctive, traditional clothing they wore
playing a dominating role in society
28
16- At the time of his death Pascal was attempting to:
establish an alternative scientific society in France
demonstrate the validity of Descartes' dualism
refute the idea of a heliocentric universe
prove that a scientist can be a practicing Christian and vice versa
29
19- napoleon's Civil code:
Did little to protect property rights
Was the chief reason for his eventual fall from. power
Discriminated against women
30
18-As a result of the rebellion led by Emelyan Pugachev, Catherine of Russia:
halted all rural reform and expanded the scope of serfdom
appointed officials to oversee the peasants and respond to their needs.
granted serfs limited freedom of occupation and travel
abdicated the throne and fled the country
31
21- The German organization called Berschenschaften was:
Dedicated to utopian-socialist reforms
Successful in achieving its aims by 1848
Composed of professors, students, and provincial princes
32
18-Beggars at the end of the 18th century were:
disappearing as a result of improvements in the economy
so numerous that they overwhelmed the efforts of charities
cared for by newly established government agencies in England
less noticeable in France, where new jobs in industry were plentiful
33
18- Cottage Industires did all of the following except:
give jobs to rual workers
give extreme wealth to rural workers
Allow women and children to spin while men wove on the looms
34
16-All of the following were important precursors to the Scientific Revolution except?
Enlightenment philosophers
Ancient mathematicians
Technological advances
Hermetic magic
35
15- This region was most devestated by the Thirty Years War:
France
Sweden
Germany
Russia
36
15-At the end of the 16th century,___ had control over much of teh southern Mediterranean
The Ottoman empire
Russia
Italy
Greece
37
20-the people's charter of 1838:
Was rejected by parliament in a very close vote
Called for universal male suffrage
Put an end to payments for members of parliament
38
15-The English bill of rights of 1689 guaranteed that;
Every man had the right to vote
Only parliament could raise taxes and armies
Every Englishman could worship openly and freely
39
19-the Congress of the US added a bill of rights to the constitution: these amendments:
Horrified many European philosophes
Signified a weak national government
Derived from 18th century enlightenment thought
40
16- The long range significant of the Royal Society and Royal Academy was to:
provide many military inventions to the kings of England and France
help scientists win parents for their inventions
encourage scientists to work coopertatively
provide a venue for female scientists
41
16-Copernicus concluded that Ptolemy's view of the universe was...
Wrong because it did not match his mathematical calculations
The only truly christian interpretation of the heavens
Destined to be confirmed by telescopic observations
Wrong Because it relied on a series of concentric spheres.
42
19-The Committee of Public safety used its rsign of terror to:
Identify and excecute enemies of the Revolution
Bolster support for Napoleon
Defend Catholic priests against radical reformers
43
18- The emergence of strong monarchial sTate's in Prussia, Austriaand Russia caused the collapse and destruction of ___.
Poland
Sweden
Denmark
Italy
44
20- The Irish famine of the mid-nineteenth century was like other famines in that it:
could have been prevented had there been more doctors
Came during a time of a major population decline
Led to massive emigration from the devastated land
was the direct result of military conflict
45
20-by 1847, parliament had passed laws designed to:
Eliminate the use of child labor
Allow for factory inspections
Grant working class men the right to vote
46
20- Robert Owen believed in an industrial society founded on the principles of:
capitalist competition
coorperative living
political activism
constitutional reforms
47
16- Isaac Newton's law of gravity:
showed that one mathematical law applied throughout the uiverse
proved to him taht religious teaching were mere superstitions
overturned much of the work completed by Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo
came to him when an apple fellon his head
48
19-Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812:
So weakened his military machine that within 2 years he was deposed
Ended with his death at Waterloo
Sent just over a million soldiers of the Grand army into combat
49
16- Francis Bacon's major contribution to early modern science lay in:
the creation of a working scientific method, based on induction
his publication of discoures on method
the work he did as president of the royal society
50
15-the palace of Versailles was not:
A symbol of the Sun King's wealth and grandeur
The major royal residence of Louis XIII
Completed during the reign of Louis XIII
51
20- One long-term result of the factory Acts was that:
workers had more security due to unemployment benefits
women were confined to housework and domestic service
children were treated with greater sensitivity both at work and home
women found greater economic opportunity
52
16- The main difference btwn early British and German women scientists was that:
Britis women were more likely to be invlolved in astronomy
in germany a woman had to be single to pursue a scientific career
In Britain women were inducted into the royal society, but not in germany
Britain: women of leisure, Germany: typically craftswomen
53
21-Utopian socialism was built upon the idea that:
Political reform was more important than economic reform
Conservative economic principles foster social stability
Cooperative living might create better environment for people
54
20-the agricultural revolution of the 18th century was important to the industrial Revolution because:
It provided a pool of surplus labor for the factories
It helped increase food prices
It significantly increased food production
55
15-Baroque painters were noted for their attempts at:
Mocking the artists of the Renaissance
Imitating the works of classical artists
Using dramatic techniques to arouse emotion
56
16- the significance of Desacartes' theories was that they:
formed an acceptable alternative to Newton's Principa
allowed the scientist to use reason and faith in the search for truth
created a division btwn the scientist and the material world
57
20- The Poor Law Act of 1834:
greatly benefited poor children
legislated mandatory employment for all people
forced unemployment poor people to live in workhouses
provided a weekly welfare benefit for all people under a certain income
58
21-Conservatives feared the force of nationalism bc it threatened:
The rule of Louis XVII
To upset the balance of power
The stability of Britain and France
59
21-In the US, John Marshall:
Increased the authority of the Supreme Court and the national government
Led armies to victory in the Mexican War
Proposed a series of compromises on the issue of slavery
60
18-The most important factor in europe's dramatic 18th century population growth was:
improved hygenic conditions
the elimination of smallpox and dysentary
improved diet
a significant decline in the death rate
61
18-Recent scholarship suggest that the enlightenment despots of Europe:
relished the opportunity to implement the ideas of the philosophes
were effected little by Enlightenment ideas
had absolutely nothing to do with the philosophes or their ideas
were more "enlightened" than "despotic"
62
18- By the end of the 18th century:
the inhabitants of cities outnumbered rural residents
large cities experienced high death rates due to unsanitary conditions
common folk held the bulk of political power in towns and cities
the urban poor resented the prosperity of agricutural regions
63
16- Which of the following staements is not true?
The scientific Revolution helped make Western society more secular
The scientific revolution affirmed the Ptolemaic worldview
The SR caused Europeans to have changes in their conceptions of humanity
The scientific revolution was a major truning point in Western civilization
64
20-the significance of the steam engine in the Industrial Revolution was that it:
Removed the need for both horses and rivers as sources of power
Enabled the French and Germans to catch up with the british in production
Led the British to abandon completely the raising of sheep
65
15-Frederick William built Brandenburg-Prussia:
Into a functioning constitutional monarchy
On A strong army and support from the nobles
Into the best example of a theocracy in the 18h century
66
16- Spinoza differed with all other philosopesers of his day about the:
divinity of the material universe
dangers to european civilization of the Jewish faith
copernican view of the universe
rational elemnets of Christianity
67
16-The chemist Robert Boyle:
discovered radioacvtivity
discovered the volume of a gas is proportional to the pressure exerted
classified elements into the first periodic table
did not accept the notion of atoms
68
18-The reign of Louis the XV was marked by:
mounting debt and higher taxes
vigorous and vital leadership on the part of the king
a return to fiscal and social stability
increasing public support for the monarchy
69
18-Joseph II of Austria tries to demonstare that philosphy was his lawmaker by:
imposing a systemn of tariffs and trade barriers.
permitting each part of his empire to speak its native tongue in court
establishing the principle that all his subjects were equal before the law
letting Protestants worship freely in 5 cities of his kingdom.
70
21- the movement for Latin American independence was Most directly inspired by the:
Success of the US in gaining independence from Britain
Napoleons toppling of the Bourbon Regime in Spain
Reforms instituted in France by the Committee of Public Safety
71
16- in reards to commonly held ideas about women, the Scientific Revolution:
promoted the equality of the sexes
rejected the notion taht women needed to be controlled
reaffirmed traditional notions
overturned sexual stereotypes
72
15-Which of the following choices places the artistic eras or movements in the appropriate order?
Baroque/Renaissance/Dutch Realism/mannerism/French classicism
Mannerism/renaissance/French classicism/baroque/Dutch realism
Renaissance/mannerism/baroque/French classicism/Dutch realism
73
18- The dominant power in the italian states in the 18th century was:
Britain
France
Spain
Austria
74
18-Robert Walpole was able to add great power to the office of Britich prime minister:
through his ties with the landes aristocrats in the House of Lords
because of succeful colonial policies
by menas of newspaper that he owned and used to support this programs
because the Hanoverians were not familiar with the English political system
75
19-before the French Revolution, the 3rd estate did not include:
Peasants who owned small land holdings and serfs
Members of the lower clergy who owned no property
Wage earners in urban areas
76
16-Galileo responded to the Inquisition's first condemnation of his theories by:
living quietly in his home the remainder of his life
renouncing his christian faith
making a lecture tour in violation of orders
writing a satirical dialogue that landed him in deeper trouble
77
21- the English romantics, as different as they were, all agreed that:
Poetry is the most direct expression of man's soul
Their goal was to rid England of religion and reform the world
The life of man is one of continuing melancholy
78
21- The Peterloo Massacre in Manchester England was brought about by:
Irish nationalists protesting anti-catholic laws
Protests against high tariffs on foreign grains
Rioting by industrial workers against factory abuses
79
15-Cardinal Richelieu believed the proper approach to the Huguenot minority was to:
Permit them religious but not military or political rights
Force them either to become Catholics or emigrate
Grant them full rights and priveleges
80
15-The decision by England's Charles I to follow a course Of "personal rule"
Forced him to raise revenues without calling Parliament into session
Made him reject the house of Lords' nomination for a wife
Allowed him to serve as head of Church of England
81
19-France supported the colonial cause during the American Revolution bc:
Louis XVI admired Jefferson's political principles
It hoped to exact a measure of revenge against Britain
It hoped. to gain additional territories in england
82
21-Which of the following countries or regions was least affected by the 1848 revolutions?
Italian states
Britain
Austria
83
19- Male revolutionaries responded to their female counterparts by:
Calling for constitutional equality btwn the sexes
Suggesting it was unnatural for women to seek rights and privileges of men
Asking women to participate in military service
84
21- King Louis-Phillipe was called France's bourgeoise monarch for all of the following except:
His strongest supporters were upper middle class businessmen
In public he dressed in the cloths of an industrialist
He favored the extension of political power to the working class
85
20-which of the following statements abt the relationship btwn the railroads & Britains industrial supremacy isn't true?
The growth of railroads increased the cost of transportation goods
The railroads trained men who had been farmers to do industrial work
The growth of the railroads encouraged the growth of iron & coal industry

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