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Biology EOC Review
Biology EOC Review
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1
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what % of the sample is made up of cytosine,C?
50%
15%
30%
35%
2
Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?
one parent heterozygous type A, the other parent type O blood
parent with type AB blood, the other parent with type O blood
parent with type AB blood, the other parent with type A blood
parent homozygous type A, the other parent with homozygous type B
3
Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water, but they do not break the surface.How?
Insects are light enough they dont break H+ bonds between H2O molecules
Insects use their wings to hover over the water
Insects feet are non-polar and reflect the polar molecules
Insects are smll enough to see actual water molecules
4
Which of the following macromolecules are part of animal tissues that insulate/conserve heat?
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
5
In what phase does Cross-Over occur?
Prophase- mitosis
Mitosis 1- Meiosis 1
Metaphase- Mitosis
Prophase 1 Meiosis 1
6
Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
7
What is the name of the attachment point between sister chromatids in a chromosome?
Spindle
Centromere
Centrioles
Membranes
8
Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both –
Provide Insulation
Contain Nitrogen
Form Cell walls
Contain Energy
9
Digestion of cellulose is done by cellulase and E.coli in your gut, what is this an example of?
Commensalisn
Muatualism
Parasitism
10
Given the below scenario, where will water move, and what will happen to the cell?
H2O will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
H2O will move into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
Salt will move into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
Salt will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
11
Homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Which correctly describes the process?
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
condensation and segregation of alleles
segregation of sister chromatid
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
12
Plant 2 produced asexually from Plant 1. Plant 1 has 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes in 2?
28
56
112
14
13
A pair of calves that have the same parents exhibit some diff. Which explains these variations
independent assortment
dominance
gene linkage
sex linkage
14
What happens to the available energy as you move up this energy pyramid? Why?
Increases, Lost as heat
Lowers, energy gained by sun
Increases, gained by sun
Lowers, lost as heat
15
Water stuck to the windshield is an example of what?
Covalent bonding
Adhesion
Viscosity
Cohesion
16
The name of this process is..
Transcripts
Transcription
Translation
Translator
17
According to the cladogram shown, which organisms are most closely related?
Belliolum and Bubbia
Belliolum and Drinys
Exosperman and Bubbia
Exosperman and Tasmania
18
What controls movement of materials in/out of cell and contains a double layer of phospholipid?
Cell wall
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell membrane
19
In pure water, animal cells swell/burst, plants will not. What is responsible for difference?
cell wall
mitochondrion
cell membrane
nucleus
20
Hemophilia is sex-linked/recessive- Man w/ no hemophilia X Woman<<DAD HAS IT. Which is true?
None of their daughters will have hemophilia.
50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.
Each of their sons will have hemophilia.
Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.
21
What does A, B, C represent?
A- Predator B-Prey C- carrying capacity
A-Carrying Capacity B-Prey C-Predator
A- prey B-predator C- carrying capacity
22
There are similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which structure is in both?
Lysome
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Nucleus
23
Which of the following describes a result of mitosis but NOT meiosis?
two stages of cell division
replication of cellular genetic material
four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
24
•What is the optimal pH for the enzymeSalivary Amylase?
7
11
9
5
25
The function of the Mitochondrion is...
Stucturally supports and gives shape to the cell
Digests and recycles materials
Photosynthesis
Cell respiration
26
Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Replication
Translocation
Translation
Transcription
27
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase
28
Which is likely responsible for changes that led to larger size, strength, & speed in horses?
Commensalism
Mirgation
Evolution by natural selection
Inbreeding
29
The enzyme catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide in H2O & O2. During the reaction, the catalase
is unchanged
is used up
is changed into a product
is formed into a new enzyme
30
Which of these represents a carbohydrate?
1
4
3
2
31
In this image you see DNA and its nucleotides; How do RNA nucleotides differ?
They contain Uracil instead of Thymine
They contain ATCG
They are magical
They are the same
32
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations
multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
absence of cyclins in the DNA
33
What does B, C, D represent?
B-logistic C-exponential D- carrying capacity
B-exponential C- logistic D-carrying capacity
B- exponential C- carrying capacity D- logistic
34
Which process do the animals in the food web use to convert energy from food into ATP?
transcription
cell respiration
photosynthesis
osmosis
35
Which line on the graph represents a catalyzed reaction?
Both red and blue
blue
red
non of the above
36
Central Vacuole
ATP formation
Modifies and packs lipids to ship out
Proteins synthesis
only found in plant cells for storage of waste and water
37
What is the function of Lyosomes?
Photosynthesis
Makes lipids, degrades fats, and inactivates toxins
Organizes and moves internal parts of the cell
Digests, recycles materials with enzymes
38
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
39
Shows a pedigree for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?
X Y
X* X
X* X*
X* Y
40
Species "X" produces CO2 and H2O. Species "Y" produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which is true?
Only species Y is anaerobic.
Both species X and Y are anaerobic
Both species X and Y are aerobic
Only species Y is aerobic.
41
Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?
Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.
Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
42
Using the data table, which solution would represent the control in this experiment?
Solution B
Solution C
Solution D
Solution A
43
Which is not a statement of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells are formed by spontaneous gen
cells come from other preexisting cells
44
What does the phopholipid bilayer do for the cell?
creates a semi-permeable membrane
creates solely a hydrophobic exterior
allows everything to get into the cell
creates a hydrophilic exterior and hydrophobic interior
45
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
2
1
4
3
46
How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the theory of evolution?
provides information to determine the organisms' ages
provides information about the organisms' habitats
shows possible common ancestry between
shows possible chromosomal similarities
47
Who is the best biology teacher in the universe?
David Attenborough
Mr. Rupp
Ms. Frizzle
Bill Nye
48
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Parthenogenesis
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
49
Which mechanisms is used by the bacteria to pump antibiotics out of their cells?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
active transport
osmosis
50
According to the phylogenetic tree, which organisms are least related to each other?
Insecta and Myriapoda
Trilobita and Insecta
Insecta and Crustacea
Trilobita and Chelicerata
51
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
one molecule=2 original strands & one molecule=2 new strands
two molecules, each with two old strands
two molecules, each with two new strands
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
52
Which macro-molecule is NOT involved in the cell (plasma) membrane?
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
proteins
53
What is the one thing that can take carbon out of the oceans and atmosphere?
Animals-Cell Respiration
Humans- Burning/Digging Up fossil fuels and Deforestation
Plants-Photosynthesis
54
This is an animal cell, what is the one organelle this cell has that others do not?
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Centromeres
Centrioles
55
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Cell respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
Cell respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
Photosynthesis used CO2, while cellular respiration produces CO2
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cell respiration stores energy.
56
Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding
jaws of hominids evolved to be larger and more protruding
There appears to be no change in the jaws of hominids
jaws changed over time due to change in brain size
57
Which explains how the stomata of a leaf is used in processes that occur in plants?
Gases in photosynthesis are exchanged through the stomata
Water enters at the surface of the leaf for transpiration
CO2 enters plant through the stomata for cell reproduction
Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through stomata
58
What do you call it when molecules move from a high to low concentration?
passive transport
exotyosis
endocytosis
active transport
59
There is an error in the DNA in which molecule?
segment 2 & 4
segment 2 & 3
segment 3 only
segment 1 only
60
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cell respiration
Energy is not involved in either
energy transformed in cell respiration is used to power photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and respiration perform the same task in terms of energy
61
What can you conclude about the effect of the concentration of carbon on photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis increases along point c
photosyn increases w/ increased CO2 from point A to B
photosynthsis doesnt use CO2, it uses O2
photosynthsis will increase constantly with increased CO2
62
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
vacuole- cell division
nucleus- storage of nutrients
ribosome- protein synthesis
mitochondria- movement
63
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?
organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults
organisms belong to the same genus
organisms share a common ancestry.
organisms are native to the same geographic areas
64
What does Independent Assortment and Crossing Over do for your cells?
It creates different gene combinations more variation
It creates more similar sex cells
It makes it harder to reproduce cells
It makes the cells similar so you can identify them
65
What are the results of this process?
One molcule that is half of the other
2 of the same molecules
2 molecules that differ
Mitotic diploid cells
66
A specific type of cell is being studied, the cell contains a nucleus & cell wall. It is a...
Prokaryotic bacteria cell
Eukaryotis bacteria cell
Eukaryotic plant cell
Prokaryotic Animal cell
67
Na+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. Type of transport
facilitated diffusion
co-transport
passive transport
active transport
68
What is something this type of cell has in common with all other cells?
Cell Wall
Ribosomes
A nucleus
Membrane-Bound organelles
69
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
bacteria
plants only
animals only
both plant and animal cells
70
What is a difference between Primary and Secondary Succession?
Dustbowl is an example of how great we treat our Earth
Climax Communities
Primary is the first build up of rocks
Secondary starts with soil and takes less time
71
Which is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?
Species today descended with modifications from ancestor
Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce
Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
72
This is a plant cell. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
I
L
J
B
73
Tall= dominant. Two heterozygous tall plants crossed, what % of offspring expected to be tall?
75%
25%
100%
50%
74
Explain how the Law of Conservation of Energy applies to this living system.
10% of E is transfered, but 90% dissapears
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, 90% E stays in chain
90% of heat is transferred into the enviro. to be blown up
10% of the E is transfered and the other 90% is heat
75
Mushrooms are a type of fungus. What characteristic of fungi makes them different from plants?
Fungi are multicellular
Fungi are heterotrophic.
Fungal cells are eukaryotic.
Fungi have cell walls.
76
Which macromolecule contains nitrogenous bases?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
77
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
Row 4
Row 1
Row 3
Row 2
78
Observe # of producers, primary, secondary, & tertiary consumer, Which has the least amt of Energy?
Secondary Consumer
Producers
Primary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
79
What could happen if the grasshoppers are killed off?
Blackberry pop. will grow
Shrew pop. will grow
Rabbit pop. will grow
Owl pop. will grow
80
The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this?
phagocytosis
enodcytosis
mitosis
meiosis
81
If a cell’s lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?
cell would produce more proteins than it needs.
cell would have chloroplasts that appear yellow not green.
cell would be less able to breakdown molecules in cytoplasm.
cell is less able to regulate amount of fluid in cytoplasm.
82
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
number of amino acids in a cell
sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid
83
Which best describes the role of enzymes in a chemical reaction?
release unused energy
increase the reaction rate
absorb excess energy
regulate product reactivity
84
“Cell” is permeable to water only & has 0.3M glucose and environ. has 0.1M glucose, whats true?
would be a net movement of water into the “cell.”
The “cell” will decrease in volume
Glucose will enter the “cell.”
would be a net movement of water out of the “cell.”
85
This monomer builds a macromolecule that is responsible for..
catalyzing
storing genetic information
composing the majority of the cell membrane
storing energy
86
How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? 5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
4
12
20
8
87
1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic Which have organelles?
3 only
1 & 2
2 & 4
4 only
88
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
Stores and transfers energy
identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
aids in protein folding and coiling
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
89
Based on the info in the cladogram below, which trait would be observed in ray-finned fish?
hair
four limbs
amniotic egg
bony skeleton
90
What is the relationship between these three structures?
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.
91
Rough ER
Modifies new polypeptide chains and synthesizes lipids
Assembly of subunits of ribosomes
Communication junction between adjoining cells
Digests, recycles materials
92
A plant lives in area with limited sunlight. Which adaptation would be most useful to plant?
large leaves
deep roots
colorful flowers
thin cuticle
93
According to this graph, what can you predict about Light Intensity and Photosynthesis?
there is no photosynthesis occuring when in light
Too much light at a high intensity can damage chloroplasts
The rate of photosynthesis is constant
light intensity has no effect
94
Cell is permeable to sucrose, glucose, and water but impermeable to starch. Which is correct?
Starch will diffuse out of the “cell.”
Glucose will diffuse into the “cell.”
There will be no net movement of glucose.
Sucrose will diffuse into the “cell.”
95
Which best describes how enzymes function in the body?
Enzymes are converted into products by catalyzation
Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.
Oneenzyme can catalyze many different reactions
An enzyme is used once and thendestroyed by the cell.
96
The original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Will this change the phenotype?
yes, because any change will change the phenotype
yes, due to new A.A
It is impossible to determine
No, even though it changed it has the same A.A
97
When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which is true?
Growth rate is exponential
Growth and immigration rate is < death and emigration
Growth and immigration rate is = to death and emigration
Growth and immigration rate is > death and emigration
98
Particles move from high to low concentration & use a carrier protein= what type of Transport?
simple osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
simple diffusion
99
What is the function of the Nucleolus?
Assembly of sub-units of ribosomes
protein Synthesis
Packs/ships lipids to export for insertion into the membrane
Controls the sustances going inside and out of the cell
100
Antibodies are primarily composed of amino acids, to which biomolecule would antibodies belong?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acid
