Keystone Biology Concept Review

Gel electrophoresis can determine and individuals DNA ____

An example of a carbohydrate

Name of the sugar used in DNA

What is it called when you have three copies of a chromosome

Which is not a component of the cell membrane

The phase of mitosis where the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

Which transport methods require NO energy (2 answers)

Form of a gene only expressed in a homozygous state

Detects mutations affecting the number of chromosomes

Organisms that make their own food

Only organisms that are best suited to their environment will survive

The tool used to diagram the probability of getting certain genotypes

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Mitosis make cells with__ Number of chromosomes, meiosis makes cells with __ # of chromosomes

Sugar used in RNA

Both organisms benefit

What allows water to stick to itself?

Down syndrome is a mutation to what chromosome

What plant did Mendel study

The variable that you purposely change....The "I" variable

The process of protein synthesis consist of ___ and ___

Eukaryotes

A community of organisms in an area including abiotic factors

Which one is not a macromolecule?

Active transport that moves substances OUT of the cell

The first generation of a hybrid cross

Who was the inventor of the naming system for organisms

The movement of water UP thin tubes

short periods of rapid change followed by long perids of little or no change

Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation with jars of meat

How many chromosomes are in a sex cell

Inserting foreign DNA into host DNA

Which is NOT a characteristic of PROKARYOTIC cells

This type of dominance gives an intermediate phenotype

Another name for sex cells

What are the two types of Nucleic acids

Why do you cells use mRNA

What process forms two daughter cells ( also known as diploid cells )

All of the genes in organism

A group of organs that work together to perform body functions

Things that limit the size of populations

What is neutral pH

Either asexually or sexually

Which are present in PLANT cells ONLY

Process of water going from LIQUID to a GAS

True or False: evolution is passing on traits to offspring

Trees that have thin, needle-like leaves

Water molecules can stick to OTHER substances

First to observe living organisms in a microscope

Which of these is not a lipid

Break down decaying organisms and nutrients and put them back into the soil

What energy source does cellular respiration produce

Type of mutation where chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis

Piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattach his to itself

What is a fertilized egg called

all of the living things in an ecosystem

Muscles contain lots of this organelle

One organism is harmed and the other benefits

Two alleles of the same form (TT or tt)

What is the bodies first line of defense

Different structures that perform similar functions

The part of a chromosome that holds it together

AN educated guess/ prediction...usually an "if...then" statement

What is the main organ in the respiratory system

The first person to observe "cells" in a microscope

Trees that have broad leaves that change color and fall off in the fall

What process takes CO₂ out of the atmosphere

Which one of the following is NOT abiotic

An organisms physical appearance

The father of genetics

This type of dominance can express multiple dominant alleles

How many chromosomes are in somatic cells

The powerhouse of the cell

organisms evolve as a result of small adaptive changes over time

The objective of the human genome project was to

Which one is NOT part of the nervous system

pH of 0-6

A mutation to one nucleotide

This process produces 2 diploid cells

Hey sequence of three bases

Who studied animals on the Galapagos Islands

A mutation that causes a shift in the rest of the chromosome, due to deletion or insertion

This law states that each gene is inherited separately if they are on different chromosomes

The division of the cytoplasm, the last step in mitosis

what base is unique to mRNA

Who originally discovered that DNA is a double helix

Organelle that makes the proteins

The gas produced by Cellular Respiration

Which one does not cause mutations two chromosomes

Structures that look similar to one another

What book did Darwin write to explain his evolution theories

All of the world and it's atmosphere

Controlled by genes on sex chromosomes

The two coldest biomes

Which is not part of the circulatory system

Place the terms in order of smallest to largest

Which is NOT a main function of the excretory system

What is the function of the skeletal system

piece of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, 2 chromosomes are involved

Structures that have no apparent use

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions

[A hunter <-- A Fox <-- A Rabbit <-- Grass] what is the fox

The type of bonds that hold proteins together

The smallest unit of life

Unequal sharing of electrons

One organism benefits and the other is unharmed

Water that does not go into the ground

Which organelle collects, packs, and distributes proteins

Particles are moved from OUTSIDE a cell to INSIDE a cell

A group of organisms that look similar and can reproduce