World Geo Chapter 2 and 3

The tropic of Cancer is located at...

Water falls back to Earth as precipitation. This starts the process over again.

2 days on which the sun's rays strike directly on one of the tropics; marks start of sum or win

Which of the following does El niño do

Being in and or facing the direction towards which the wind is blowing

The lowest point of dry land on earth is the black sea

A large body of ice that moves across the surface of the Earth

Warm air

Weather patterns typical for an area over a long period of time

How does Geology affect soil formation?

closest to the sun; includes Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars

How does Topography affect soil formation?

an area around the tropics where wind is scarce

A larger stream of higher volume that follows a channel along a particular course

the process of converting liquid into vapor or gas; fueled by the sun; step 1 of water cycle

excess water vapor changing into liquid water when warm air cools; forms clouds step 2

the amount of water on earth is always changing

Extremely dry; little rain; sometimes snow in winter; sometimes have oasies

Industrial revolution was a major contributor to global warming

A thin layer of gases that surround the Earth

Mild rainy winters hot,dry summers; coastal mid-latitude area w/ similar climate and vegetation

Farthest from the sun; Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus, Neptune

Underground water bearing layers of porous rock sand or gravel

Process by which oceanic plates dive beneath continental plates

The water areas of the earth including oceans lakes rivers and other bodies of water

long, sever winters; away from oceans; shorter, cooler summers; deciduous

small irregularly-shaped planet-like objects; found mainly between Mars and Jupiter

High latitudes climate is extremely warm

The capacity of certain gases in the atmosphere to trap heat there by warming the Earth

Low latitudes climate is extremely warm

Ocean currents distribute energy around the planet

The resulting deflection of prevailing winds caused by the Earth's rotation

a body of water completely surrounded by land

Part of a continent that extends out underneath the ocean

water located underground within the Earth that supplies Wells and Springs

High latitudes lie between...

Results of a process by which dry areas develop on the leeward side of mountain ranges

A periodic reversal of the pattern of ocean currents and water temperatures in the mid Pacific

Rainfall can help lower temperature on a hot day

Snow and Ice 2 miles thick; Lichens are only vegetation; monthly average temp is below freezing

uppermost layer of the Earth that includes the crust continents and ocean basins

How does Climate affect soil formation?

The Greenhouse affect regulates heat that enters the earth's atmosphere

pick up dirt and gouges depressions in earth; the ice melts and fills with water creating lakes

Global Warming will cause weather events to be less extrme

The theory that the continents were once joined and then slowly drifted apart

Chemical or physical processes that break down rocks into smaller pieces

High latitude prevailing winds are called

How does Biology affect soil formation?

Pronounced wet and dry seasons; high temp year round;plant and animal life differ based on area

Condition of the atmosphere in one place during a short period of time

The part of Earth where life exists

Desalination is all pros and no cons

Space debris that sometimes enters earth's atmosphere

The tropic of Capricorn is located at...

The Northern Hemisphere experiences summer when it's tilted towards the Sun

mid-latitude prevailing winds are called

Sudden, violent movements of the lithosphere along fault lines

Our earth is made up of about...

The movement of Earth's water from Ocean, to air, to ground, and back to Ocean

When two plates are headed away from each other; sea floor spreading is a form of this

When two plates are heading towards each other; can form mountains; subduction is a form of thi

Being in and or facing the direction from which the wind is blowing

Process by which magma Wells up between oceanic plates and pushes the plates apart

large bodies of water have high specific heat so coastal areas temperatures tend to be moderate

Outer layer of the Earth, a hard rocky shell forming Earth's surface

Which of the following statements is/are true

links North America and South America

changes the chemical makeup of rocks

A layer in the atmosphere that absorbs most of the earth’s radiation

The lowest point of dry land on earth is the shore of the red sea

When plates rub up against each other; can cause earthquakes

Winter darkness and bitter cold (5 months); limited warming in summer; Trees can't grow

A crack or break in Earth's crust

Far from water bodies; warm summers and harsh winters; diverse variety of grasses

Super hot but liquid; part of the innermost layer of the earth

the sun directly hits the Tropic of Cancer bringing the longest day of sunlight in north hem

A bend in layers of rock sometimes caused by plate movement

Mid latitudes lie between...

winds and sand have dominated the land mass and all that is left is a small towering land mass

As river flows it picks up dirt and moves it downstream; valley or canyon can form

March 21st

natural features at the surface of the Earth's lithosphere

Cracking that occurs when the folded land cannot be bent any further; cause earthquakes

The Southern Hemisphere experiences winter when it's tilted towards the Sun

mountains formed by lava or magma that breaks through the Earth's crust

Scientists believe that most of our land masses were once part of one supercontinent called...

Short, mild winters; year-round rain; Coniferous, Prairies, and Deciduous; High humidity levels

Cold or warm stream of sea water that flows in the oceans generally and a circular pattern

Objects that orbit planet; all planets have them except Mercury and Venus

Forest with both coniferous and deciduous trees

1 of 2 days on which the sun is directly above the equator making day and night equal in length

sickness from drinking water contaminated with animal and human waste

How does Time affect soil formation?

September 21st

Molten rock that is located below Earth's surface; it’s also the reason plates spread apart.

June 21st

The cause of continental drift and magma flow, which creates many of Earth's physical features

Vegetation having cones and needle-shaped leaves; keep their foliage through the winter

Low latitudes lie between...

The lowest point of dry land on earth is the shore of the dead sea

Seas, gulfs, and bays are bodies of salt water that are often partially enclosed by land

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Southern

Which side of a mountain gets more rain?

The movement of weathered rock & material by wind, glaciers, and moving water

The Highest point on earth is Mt. Everest

Permanently Frozen layer of soil beneath the surface of the ground

made up of the Sun and the objects that revolve around it

Climates and Biomes work very closely together

Desalination is the removal of salt from seawater to make it usable for drinking and farming

A significant change in temp precipitation and wind patterns that last for several decades +

An inland grassland area

Major type of ecological Community defined primarily by distinctive plants and animals

The earth is tilted at

Fall of seasonally or periodically; trees such as Oak which lose their leaves in autumn

when water flows downhill in streams, cutting into the land, and wearing away the soil and rock

Warm/hot and cold/cool air masses move across the mid-lattitude

he warming of Earth's average temperature that has occurred since the mid 1800s

waters goes into rock’s cracks; when water freezes it expands and opens up the rock

An ocean plate slides under a continent plate creating debris; can cause continents to grow out

Carries small particles of dust sand and soil from one place to another

small area in desert where water and vegetation are found

the sun directly hits Tropic of Capricorn bringing the shortest day of sunlight in north hemis

Piles of Rocky debris left by melting glaciers

Wind in a region that blows in a fairly constant directional pattern

When amounts of freshwater are limited in an area

made of icy dust particles and Frozen gases look like bright balls with long feathery tails

December 21st

an area around the equator where wind is scarce

Super hot but solid due to higher pressure; part of the innermost layer of the earth

OH MY LAWD IM FINALLY DONE AND STILL GONNA FAIL

Moisture that falls to the Earth; when clouds gather too much water they release this; step 3

When large masses of rock are physically broken down into smaller pieces

Low latitude prevailing winds are called

Most biologically diverse; lot of rain; layers of tree causing little sunlight to reach ground.

Earth makes one rotation every

The deepest depression on earth is the Marina Trench

In astronomy the Earth's yearly trip around the Sun taking 365 1/4 days

One of the most earthquake prone areas on the planet

a measure of how hot or cold a place is. It is measured in degrees on a certain scale

Spheres that orbit the sun; largest objects in the solar system

Ocean winds bring cool summers; mixed forests

Seasons are opposite in Eastern and Western Hemispheres

An imaginary line that runs through the center of the earth between the North and South Poles

bitterly cold winters; short cool summers; limited vegetation;permafrost;may support evergreens

a body of water completely surrounded by land

middle layer of the Earth's interior structure consisting of hot rock that's dense but flexible

a time when the sun is visible at midnight during the summer in the arctic and antarctic circle