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Age of Absolutism & Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud
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Age of Absolutism & Enlightenment
Age of Absolutism & Enlightenment
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1
Who was Frederick II AKA the Great?
Enlightened despot of Russia
Enlightened despot of France
Enlightened despot of Austria
Enlightened despot of Prussia
2
Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps used in the scientific method?
Observation,question, experimentation,hypothesis,conclusion
Observation,question, hypothesis,experimentation, conclusion
Question,experimentation, hypothesis,observation, conclusion
Question,observation, hypothesis,experimentation, conclusion
3
Which of the following did the Enlightenment promote?
A more secular outlook
Faith in science
A belief in progress
All of the above
4
European monarchs became absolute rulers in response to which of the following?
Heavy taxes to support trade & colonial growth.
Religious/territorial conflicts that caused war & revolts.
Growth & increases power of noble & representative bodies.
The increases size of courts & new government bureaucracies.
5
Which person would most agree with divine right?
Elizabeth II
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Louis XIV
6
In which of the following ways did Voltaire influence Frederick II?
Advocated a direct democracy
Supported freedom of worship
Raised doubts about the Christian religion
Criticized wealthy landowners
7
Which of the following did the censors of the Catholic Church ban?
Pamela
Robinson Crusoe
Don Giovanni
The Encyclopedia
8
In the political cartoon, what type of government is being supported?
A dictatorship
An absolute monarchy
A democracy
A socialist republic
9
What did Vesalius and Voltaire both do?
Write drama and fiction.
Analyze human anatomy.
Challenge preexisting ideas.
Spent time in jail for their ideas.
10
Who was Mozart?
An architect
A novelist
A classical composer
An artist
11
Divine right is ...?
Promoted tolerance, reason, and freedom of religion & speech
Idea that God made the monarch and his powers
Said civilization corrupts people’s natural goodness
Rulers who believed they were all powerful
12
Which of the following occurred last?
The repeal of the Stamp Act
The end of the French and Indian War
The adoption of the Bill of Rights
The calling of the Second Continental Congress
13
What act did Joseph II do that no other Enlightened despot did?
Improved education
Grant religious toleration
Abolished serfdom
Granted freedom of the press
14
Who was Henry Fielding?
Developer of aspects of the modern novel
Host of Salon meetings
Composer of classical music
Enlightenment artist
15
European art of the 1600s and early 1700s was dominated by a grand, ornate style is called...
Classical
Baroque
Neoclassical
Gothic
16
Who was Daniel Shay?
A soldier
A farmer
Leader of a rebellion against the new American government
Leader of the 1st Continental Congress
17
What did Voltaire believe in?
Abolition of religion
Tolerance, reason, and freedom of religion and speech
Absolute Monarchy
Women should have the same political rights as men
18
The first national government of the thirteen individual states in the US was created by..
Declaration of Independence
Constitution
Navigation Acts
Articles of Confederation
19
How did the Declaration Independence embody Enlightenment ideals?
Protects the rights of accused & prohibited cruel punishment
Set up a system of checks & balances for the U.S. government
Stated that all titles of nobility should be abolished
People have rights- life, liberty, & pursuit of happiness.
20
In which way did Montesquieu influence the Constitution of the United States?
The public election of the president and Congress
The Bill of Rights
Creation of a representative form of government
The system of checks and balances
21
Which of the following did Cesare Beccaria support?
Three natural rights - life, liberty, & property
Religious freedom
Separation of powers in government
Abolition of the use of torture & other abuses of justice
22
Frederick II (Frederick the Great) came to power as the
Holy Roman Emperor
King of Prussia
King of Austria
King of Russia
23
Who was Denis Diderot?
Host of salon meetings
Classical composer
A novelist
Editor & publisher of the Encylopedie
24
In general, the philosophers believed in all of the following ideas
except
Expanding women's rights
The pursuit of happiness
Progress for society
Religious freedom
25
What did Francis Bacon do?
Created the law of universal gravitation
Supported Copernicus’ theory
First to propose the heliocentric theory
Encouraged making conclusions based on own observations
26
What did Jean Jacques Rousseau believe in?
Declared women should have the same political rights as men
Civilization corrupts people’s natural goodness
Supported absolute monarchy
Promoted tolerance, reason, & freedom of religion and speech
27
The philosophers influenced Catherine the Great’s...?
Diplomatic relations with France.
Military campaign against Poland.
Architectural plans for her palace.
Proposal on reforms to Russia’s laws.
28
The heliocentric theory proposed that
Planets revolve in a circular motion.
The earth was the center of the universe.
The sun was the center of the universe.
An undiscovered planet was the center of the universe.
29
What did Johannes Kepler do?
Supported Copernicus’ theory
Created the law of universal gravitation
First to propose the heliocentric theory
Used math to prove the motion of the planets
30
What was Peter the Great the first Russian ruler to make an effort to do?
Reduce the power of the nobles
Westernize Russia
Create and utilize a secret police force
Expand the territory of Russia
31
The Bill of Rights was influenced by
Jean Jacques Rousseau
John Locke
All of the above
Voltaire
32
Who was Catherine the Great?
Enlightened despot of Prussia
Enlightened despot of Russia
Enlightened despot of France
Enlightened despot of Austria
33
In which of the following ways were Thomas Hobbes and Catherine the Great similar?
Both believed that a monarch should have absolute authority.
Both were influenced by John Locke.
Both were affected by the horrors of the English Civil War.
Both were influenced by Voltaire and Montesquieu
34
What did Mary Wollstonecraft believe in?
Separation of Church and State
Separation of powers in the government
Women should have the same political rights as men
Freedom of speech
35
Which of the following convinced US leaders to call the Constitutional Convention?
The Boston Tea Party
Shay’s Rebellion
The French Revolution
The French and Indian War
36
What did John Locke believe in?
Absolute Monarchy
Separation of church and state
Rebelling against the government
Three natural rights - life, liberty, & property
37
Which of the following were caused by the scientific revolution?
Improvements in medicine and scientific instruments.
Assumption that human body was sim. to anatomy of animals.
Reliance on ancient authorities to explain the world.
The belief that the earth was an unmoving object.
38
What did Rene Descartes do?
Created the law of universal gravitation
Doubted everything until it was proven by reason
Invented the mercury barometer
Encouraged making conclusions based on own observations
39
What are the characteristics of neoclassical art & architecture?
Expensive & Greek
Ornate & Grand
Simple, Elegant, Balanced
Colorful & Orderly
40
What did Andreasus Vesalius do?
Used math to prove the motion of the planets
Created the law of universal gravitation
Dissected human corpses and wrote about the body
Doubted everything until it was proven by reason
