Biology Fall Review

Covers the basics of biology: experimental design, macromolecules, cells (parts, function, division, cancer), heredity, cellular respiration/photosynthesis.

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
traits that are inherited with sex chromosomes...color-blindness, baldness, hemophilia
sex-linked traits
facilitated diffusion
qualitative
cell membrane
2
structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
centriole
vacuole
chloroplast
interphase
3
powerhouse of the cell
eukaryote
ribosomes
mitochondria
golgi apparatus
4
the two new cells that result from mitosis and cytokinesis
daughter cells
mitosis
sister chromatids
cytokinesis
5
conditions that stay the same in the experiment
interphase
independent variable
diffusion
constants
6
Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate.
gene mutation
qualitative
nondisjunction
photosynthesis
7
first and longest phase of mitosis, chromosomes become visible
anaphase
metaphase
telophase
prophase
8
reproductive cells....sperm and egg
nucleus
gametes
nucleolus
vacuole
9
The membrane of the mitochondria that is the site of electron transport
cell membrane
inner membrane
multiple alleles
macromolecules
10
a sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
mitochondria
cystoplasm
nucleus
vacuole
11
Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are the SECOND source of energy for the body
lipids
carbohydrates
amino acids
nucleic acids
12
application of science to help people
evolution
Technology
qualitative
differentiation
13
the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins
osmosis
interphase
active transport
facilitated diffusion
14
a change in the chromosome structure, resulting in new gene combinations
chromosomal mutation
independent variable
somatic cells
monosaccharide
15
Help pull apart the cell during replication and are make up of microtubules
spindle fibers
mitochondria
centrioles
carbohydrate
16
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
osmosis
quantitative
diffusion
constants
17
one allele is not completely dominant over another - both traits are seen...speckled chickens
heterozygous
codominance
chromosomal mutation
incomplete dominance
18
A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
nucleus
golgi apparatus
mitochondria
lysosomes
19
a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
endocytosis
precision
isotonic solution
osmosis
20
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides....fiber
proteins
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
21
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
mutation
genotype
proteins
dominant
22
Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells ....all body cells
isotonic solution
spindle fibers
somatic cells
endocytosis
23
The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.
differentiation
dependent variable
experimental group
control group
24
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
25
Site of photosynthesis
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
carbohydrate
26
tumors that are cancerous are:
malignant
carcinogen
quantitative
benign
27
fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
stroma
metaphase
observation
lysosomes
28
network of protein filaments within some cells that help maintain shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
golgi apparatus
nucleus
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
29
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
cytokinesis
interphase
golgi apparatus
cell cycle
30
Innermost compartment of the mitochondrion
matrix
mutation
accuracy
stroma
31
occurs when multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait
polygenic inheritance
sex-linked traits
polysaccharide
centrolei
32
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
experimental group
constants
independent variable
control group
33
A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules
polysaccharide
proteins
nucleic acids
macromolecule
34
an organism's physical appearance; visible traits
centriole
constants
phenotype
inference
35
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; FIRST source of energy for the human body
monosaccharide
lysosomes
polysaccharide
carbohydrate
36
respiration that requires oxygen
observation
carcinogen
anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
37
organelle that synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates (no ribosomes on it)
smooth ER
rough ER
cilia/flagella
lysosomes
38
site of protein synthesis
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosomes
lysosomes
39
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
diffusion
osmosis
inference
facilitated diffusion
40
DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission.
genes
genotype
organelle
centrioles
41
A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.
exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
osmosis
42
DNA & RNA
nucleic acids
proteins
amino acids
lipids
43
Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid.
macromolecules
inner membrane
anaerobic respiration
inference
44
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
cell membrane
pedigree
cell wall
precision
45
Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together ....EX: Hair color and eye color
sister chromatids
linked genes
inner membrane
proteins
46
protein pumps carry ions across a membrane...Ca+2, K+, Na+
molecular pumps
active transport
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
47
the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
experimental group
independent variable
control group
inference
48
process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
interphase
differentiation
homeostasis
inference
49
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
organelle
mitochondria
homeostasis
eukaryote
50
tumor that is not cancerous
cancer
benign
malignant
lysosomes
51
Information obtained through the senses.
inference
control group
qualitative
observation
52
an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
heterozygous
recessive
centrioles
daughter cells
53
Control center of the cell
golgi apparatus
nucleus
vacuole
cytoplasm
54
Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
cytokinesis
polysaccharide
macromolecules
photosynthesis
55
Membranous system of tubules, vesicles, and sacs in cells; has attached ribosomes.
golgi apparatus
smooth ER
rough ER
nucleus
56
A conclusion one can draw from the presented details.
differentiation
osmosis
inference
observation
57
substance that causes cancer
lipids
malignant
carcinogen
cyotkinesis
58
Data in the form of recorded descriptions rather than numerical measurements.
sensitive
statistical
qualitative
observation
59
Different forms of a gene
chloroplast
osmosis
vacuole
alleles
60
An organelle containing digestive enzymes ; garbage disposal of the cell
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
ribosomes
mitochondria
61
Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water
osmosis
active transport
facilitated diffusion
hypertonic solution
62
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
prophase
63
relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
osmosis
diffusion
homeostasis
endocytosis
64
how close a measurement is to the true value
precision
accuracy
specificity
sensitivity
65
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
lysosomes
recessive
precision
dominant
66
specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
cytoplasm
nucleolus
organelle
mitochondria
67
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
mitochondria
prokaryote
lysosomes
organelle
68
an allele that is always expressed
recessive
carcinogen
constants
dominant
69
a jelly like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
vacuole
cytoplasm
nucleus
ribosomes
70
building blocks of proteins
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
amino acids
71
located near the nucleus and helps organize cell division
centrioles
ribosomes
quantitative
lysosomes
72
In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
experimental group
control group
interphase
independent variable
73
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
mitochondria
74
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
passive transport
75
condition where both alleles for a gene are fully expressed-EX...Curly hair + strait hair (both dominant) = wavy
codominance
incomplete dominance
sex-linked traits
cytoplasm
76
A change in the sequence of the nucleotides in a gene
nondisjuntion
monosaccaride
gene mutation
differentiation
77
a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
osmosis
precision
accuracy
independent variable
78
movement of cell
lysosomes
cilia/flagella
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
79
solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water
osmosis
hypotonic solution
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
80
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues, THIRD and lowest form of energy for body
nucleic acids
amino acids
proteins
carbohydrate
81
disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
mitosis
malignant
benign
cancer
82
A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation.
mitosis
osmosis
mutagen
qualitative
83
cell division in which the nucleus divides into new cells that contain the same number of chromosomes
mitosis
cytokinesis
cancer
interphase
84
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
cell wall
pedigree
lysosomes
organelle
85
the final phase of cell division, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
86
three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait
nondisjuntion
inner membrane
macromolecules
multiple alleles
87
the contents of a vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane
osmosis
endocytosis
exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
88
interaction between alleles in which one allele hides the effects of another allele
mitosis
proteins
cytoplasm
epistasis
89
a variable that is not changed
controlled variable
prokaryote
isotonic solution
control group
90
Data that is in numbers
descriptive
quantitative
continuous
observation
91
A change in a gene or chromosome
Mutation
Ovservation
Gene Mutation
Precision
92
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
nucleolus
golgi apparatus
cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
93
A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype....HETEROZYGOUS
cancer
carrier
matrix
mitosis
94
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait....can be dominant or recessive
homeostasis
epistasis
homoozygous
endocytosis
95
simple sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar
carbohydrate
endocytosis
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
96
stacks of thylakoids
grana
malignant
genes
quantitative
97
Identical copies of a chromosome; full sets of these are created during the S subphase of interphase.
spindle fibers
sister chromatids
daughter cells
cytoplasm
98
division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
prophase
interphase
mitosis
cytokinesis
99
Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
anaphase
prophase
interphase
metaphase
100
the 3rd phase of mitosis, chromosomes separate into sister chromatids and move to opposite sides
anaphase
telophase
prophase
metaphase

Biology Fall Review Flashcards | StudBud

Biology Fall Review

100 termsStudBud Administration17 plays

Covers the basics of biology: experimental design, macromolecules, cells (parts, function, division, cancer), heredity, cellular respiration/photosynthesis.

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
traits that are inherited with sex chromosomes...color-blindness, baldness, hemophilia
sex-linked traits
facilitated diffusion
qualitative
cell membrane
2
structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
centriole
vacuole
chloroplast
interphase
3
powerhouse of the cell
eukaryote
ribosomes
mitochondria
golgi apparatus
4
the two new cells that result from mitosis and cytokinesis
daughter cells
mitosis
sister chromatids
cytokinesis
5
conditions that stay the same in the experiment
interphase
independent variable
diffusion
constants
6
Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate.
gene mutation
qualitative
nondisjunction
photosynthesis
7
first and longest phase of mitosis, chromosomes become visible
anaphase
metaphase
telophase
prophase
8
reproductive cells....sperm and egg
nucleus
gametes
nucleolus
vacuole
9
The membrane of the mitochondria that is the site of electron transport
cell membrane
inner membrane
multiple alleles
macromolecules
10
a sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
mitochondria
cystoplasm
nucleus
vacuole
11
Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are the SECOND source of energy for the body
lipids
carbohydrates
amino acids
nucleic acids
12
application of science to help people
evolution
Technology
qualitative
differentiation
13
the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins
osmosis
interphase
active transport
facilitated diffusion
14
a change in the chromosome structure, resulting in new gene combinations
chromosomal mutation
independent variable
somatic cells
monosaccharide
15
Help pull apart the cell during replication and are make up of microtubules
spindle fibers
mitochondria
centrioles
carbohydrate
16
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
osmosis
quantitative
diffusion
constants
17
one allele is not completely dominant over another - both traits are seen...speckled chickens
heterozygous
codominance
chromosomal mutation
incomplete dominance
18
A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
nucleus
golgi apparatus
mitochondria
lysosomes
19
a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
endocytosis
precision
isotonic solution
osmosis
20
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides....fiber
proteins
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
21
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
mutation
genotype
proteins
dominant
22
Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells ....all body cells
isotonic solution
spindle fibers
somatic cells
endocytosis
23
The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.
differentiation
dependent variable
experimental group
control group
24
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
25
Site of photosynthesis
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
carbohydrate
26
tumors that are cancerous are:
malignant
carcinogen
quantitative
benign
27
fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
stroma
metaphase
observation
lysosomes
28
network of protein filaments within some cells that help maintain shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
golgi apparatus
nucleus
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
29
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
cytokinesis
interphase
golgi apparatus
cell cycle
30
Innermost compartment of the mitochondrion
matrix
mutation
accuracy
stroma
31
occurs when multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait
polygenic inheritance
sex-linked traits
polysaccharide
centrolei
32
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
experimental group
constants
independent variable
control group
33
A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules
polysaccharide
proteins
nucleic acids
macromolecule
34
an organism's physical appearance; visible traits
centriole
constants
phenotype
inference
35
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; FIRST source of energy for the human body
monosaccharide
lysosomes
polysaccharide
carbohydrate
36
respiration that requires oxygen
observation
carcinogen
anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
37
organelle that synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates (no ribosomes on it)
smooth ER
rough ER
cilia/flagella
lysosomes
38
site of protein synthesis
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosomes
lysosomes
39
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
diffusion
osmosis
inference
facilitated diffusion
40
DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission.
genes
genotype
organelle
centrioles
41
A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.
exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
osmosis
42
DNA & RNA
nucleic acids
proteins
amino acids
lipids
43
Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid.
macromolecules
inner membrane
anaerobic respiration
inference
44
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
cell membrane
pedigree
cell wall
precision
45
Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together ....EX: Hair color and eye color
sister chromatids
linked genes
inner membrane
proteins
46
protein pumps carry ions across a membrane...Ca+2, K+, Na+
molecular pumps
active transport
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
47
the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
experimental group
independent variable
control group
inference
48
process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
interphase
differentiation
homeostasis
inference
49
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
organelle
mitochondria
homeostasis
eukaryote
50
tumor that is not cancerous
cancer
benign
malignant
lysosomes
51
Information obtained through the senses.
inference
control group
qualitative
observation
52
an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
heterozygous
recessive
centrioles
daughter cells
53
Control center of the cell
golgi apparatus
nucleus
vacuole
cytoplasm
54
Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
cytokinesis
polysaccharide
macromolecules
photosynthesis
55
Membranous system of tubules, vesicles, and sacs in cells; has attached ribosomes.
golgi apparatus
smooth ER
rough ER
nucleus
56
A conclusion one can draw from the presented details.
differentiation
osmosis
inference
observation
57
substance that causes cancer
lipids
malignant
carcinogen
cyotkinesis
58
Data in the form of recorded descriptions rather than numerical measurements.
sensitive
statistical
qualitative
observation
59
Different forms of a gene
chloroplast
osmosis
vacuole
alleles
60
An organelle containing digestive enzymes ; garbage disposal of the cell
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
ribosomes
mitochondria
61
Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water
osmosis
active transport
facilitated diffusion
hypertonic solution
62
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
prophase
63
relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
osmosis
diffusion
homeostasis
endocytosis
64
how close a measurement is to the true value
precision
accuracy
specificity
sensitivity
65
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
lysosomes
recessive
precision
dominant
66
specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
cytoplasm
nucleolus
organelle
mitochondria
67
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
mitochondria
prokaryote
lysosomes
organelle
68
an allele that is always expressed
recessive
carcinogen
constants
dominant
69
a jelly like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
vacuole
cytoplasm
nucleus
ribosomes
70
building blocks of proteins
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
amino acids
71
located near the nucleus and helps organize cell division
centrioles
ribosomes
quantitative
lysosomes
72
In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
experimental group
control group
interphase
independent variable
73
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
mitochondria
74
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
passive transport
75
condition where both alleles for a gene are fully expressed-EX...Curly hair + strait hair (both dominant) = wavy
codominance
incomplete dominance
sex-linked traits
cytoplasm
76
A change in the sequence of the nucleotides in a gene
nondisjuntion
monosaccaride
gene mutation
differentiation
77
a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
osmosis
precision
accuracy
independent variable
78
movement of cell
lysosomes
cilia/flagella
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
79
solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water
osmosis
hypotonic solution
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
80
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues, THIRD and lowest form of energy for body
nucleic acids
amino acids
proteins
carbohydrate
81
disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
mitosis
malignant
benign
cancer
82
A chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation.
mitosis
osmosis
mutagen
qualitative
83
cell division in which the nucleus divides into new cells that contain the same number of chromosomes
mitosis
cytokinesis
cancer
interphase
84
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
cell wall
pedigree
lysosomes
organelle
85
the final phase of cell division, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
86
three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait
nondisjuntion
inner membrane
macromolecules
multiple alleles
87
the contents of a vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane
osmosis
endocytosis
exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
88
interaction between alleles in which one allele hides the effects of another allele
mitosis
proteins
cytoplasm
epistasis
89
a variable that is not changed
controlled variable
prokaryote
isotonic solution
control group
90
Data that is in numbers
descriptive
quantitative
continuous
observation
91
A change in a gene or chromosome
Mutation
Ovservation
Gene Mutation
Precision
92
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
nucleolus
golgi apparatus
cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
93
A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype....HETEROZYGOUS
cancer
carrier
matrix
mitosis
94
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait....can be dominant or recessive
homeostasis
epistasis
homoozygous
endocytosis
95
simple sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar
carbohydrate
endocytosis
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
96
stacks of thylakoids
grana
malignant
genes
quantitative
97
Identical copies of a chromosome; full sets of these are created during the S subphase of interphase.
spindle fibers
sister chromatids
daughter cells
cytoplasm
98
division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
prophase
interphase
mitosis
cytokinesis
99
Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
anaphase
prophase
interphase
metaphase
100
the 3rd phase of mitosis, chromosomes separate into sister chromatids and move to opposite sides
anaphase
telophase
prophase
metaphase