Chapter 2 Science Test 7th grade

a reaction that eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low.

When molecules pass through a cell membrane using special proteins called transport proteins

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the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane.

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the movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using the cell’s energy.

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form by joining many small molecules together

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a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside a cell

long chains of amino acid molecules

Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?

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the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy

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chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, andCO2 into the food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen

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membrane-bound organelles that uselight energy and make glucose from waterand carbon dioxide in photosynthesis

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a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water

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a stiff structure outside the cell membrane

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a network of thread-like proteins that are joined together.

the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

In whitch cell structure does photosynthesis take place?

the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.

a fluid inside a cellthat contains salts and other molecules

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What is a function of the plant xylem cell shown based on its structure?

Cells must get water from the blood. What process allows water to enter body cells from the blood?

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the process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell

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How are the reactions in cellular respiration and photosynthesis related?

macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together

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a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP

How are cellular respiration and fermentation similar?

What type of macromolecule is glucose, which is used for fuel for cellular respiration?

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have specialized functions, most organelles are surrounded by membranes

What cell organelle stores DNA in eukaryotic cells?

all living things are made of one or more cells, and all new cells come from pre-existing cells

the diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane

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One sugar molecule, two sugar molecules, or a long chain of sugar molecules make up...

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a process by which glucose, a sugar, is broken down into smaller molecules

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What type of macromolecule is used in cell membranes for facilitated diffusion?

How are chloroplasts in plant cells and mitochondrion in animal cells similar?