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Desimone 3rd Quarter History Exam Flashcards | StudBud
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Desimone 3rd Quarter History Exam
Desimone 3rd Quarter History Exam
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1
What was Galileo's punishment for being "vehemently suspect of heresy?"
Thrown in a dungeon
House arrest, where he completed many important scientific works
Tortured
Burned at the Stake
2
In what ways was the science *not* on Galileo's side?
The phases of the moon and Venus implied a geocentric model.
They didn't know about gravity of the laws of motion yet.
He couldn't explain ocean tides.
He couldn't explain the size of the stars due to faulty telescopes.
3
All of the following are ways peasants who survived benfitted from the Plague EXCEPT.
The system of feudalism partially collapsed, leaving peasants free to move
Peasants who were treated poorly could move elsewhere for better treatment
Peasants decided to take the land of dead rulers for themselves
There were so few peasants around, they could demand more money
4
Write Italian sonnets dedicated to Laura
Dante
Petrarch
Bocaccio
Aquinas
5
With the profits they earned from sped-up trade, merchants and bankers
Paid for travel experiences, thereby inventing tourism
Paid for great art, thereby hastening the Renaissance
Raised their workers' salaries
Invested in more trade
6
One reason Machiavelli wrote the prince was to get a job working for whom (after being kicked out of government)?
Lorenzo Piero de Medici
Cosimo de Medici
Piero de Medici
Savonarola
7
The extremely wealthy banking family who ran Florence for more than a hundred years
Medici
Corleone
Pazzi
Borgias
8
What phrase does Machiavelli use to mean good (or bad) luck and timing?
Fate
Fortune
Drama
Destiny
9
How was light and shadow used in Renaissance paintings?
To make people appear rounded and three-dimensional
It always symbolized good and evil
To showcase the accurate muscles and anatomy in Renaissance art
To give more authentic draping to the person in the painting
10
Who invented a thermometer using the temperature scale we still use today in America?
Isaac Newton
Evangelista Toricelli
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
Nicholas Copernicus
11
The bubonic plague pandemic of 1348 strengthened the bond between serfs and their feudal lords.
False
True
12
This commentator on Aristotle combined Aristotle's ideas and Christianity in a book called Summa Theologica.
St. Thomas Aquinas
St. Thomas More
St. Francis
St. Dominic
13
Inventor of the microscope
Evangelista Torricelli
James Watt
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
14
On the exam, the responses to short answer questions don't have to be in complete sentences.
False
True
15
What did Cardinal Bellarmine say in his letter regarding heliocentrism?
He had not seen sufficient proof that the earth moved.
He was excited to see heliocentrism promoted.
Scripture must always be interpreted literally.
The Council of Trent prohibited contradicting the Church Fathers.
16
What two Renaissance-era inventions helped ideas spread more quickly?
Telegraph
Paper mills
Carrier pigeon
Printing press
17
When responding to a question about a work of art, it's not necessary to point out anything specific from the painting.
True
False
18
John Wycliffe
Was burned at the stake as a heretic
Translated the Bible from Latin into English
Preached the doctrine of predestination
Split from the Church and formed his own sect
19
What helped pay for projects that promoted civic humanism in Florence?
The Medici's banking business
An income tax
Volunteer artists
The Catholic Church
20
The caravel also helped create the Renaissance by bringing Europeans into contact with
Islamic scholars preserving Greek and Roman texts
spices
Islamic scholars' ideas about theology
Islamic scholars experimenting with Chinese woodblock printing
21
Machiavelli believed that the best form of government was
A timocracy
A monarchy
An oligarchy
A democracy
22
All of the following is true about Protestantism and Democracy EXCEPT
Many congregations held elections for their preachers/pastors
The diversity of religion led to tolerance an important democratic idea
The American Revolution happened only a few years after the 95 Theses
The emphasis on following your conscience led to questioning authority
23
What did Luther believe about salvation?
Justification by faith--belief in God is all you need for salvation
Justification by works--you had to earn salvation with good deeds
Predestination--whether you're saved or not is determined beforehand
Justification by faith and works--both were necessary
24
Who is usually credited with inventing the printing press?
Johannes Gutenburg
Martin Luther
Johnnes Furster
Jean Calvin
25
Why, most likely, did Machiavelli address The Prince to Lorenzo Piero de Medici?
Because Medici was the inspiration for the titular Prince
To try to get back into his good graces (and back into Florentine politics)
Because Medici was his patron and paid for the book's production.
Because Medici was Machiavelli's relation through marriage
26
Through his telescope, Galileo saw that
There was a ninth planet, later known as Pluto.
Venus goes through phases.
Saturn has rings.
The moon is rough.
27
The Renaissance made people
Angry. It was basically the Twitter of historical periods.
Less imaginative
More interested in math than in poetry
More curious
28
Sola fides means
You need only works for salvation.
God has already predestined you for salvation (or not).
You need faith and works for salvation.
You need only faith for salvation.
29
Declared himself head of the Church of England
Desiderius Erasmus
Charles V
Thomas More
Henry VIII
30
John Calvin
preached the doctrine of predestination
thought that working too hard was a sign of a lack of faith
was born in Switzerland, but ran a church in France
believed in separation of church and state
31
Helped end the Avignon Papacy by writing a letter to the pope, urging him to go back to Rome
Thomas More
Catherine of Siena
Christine de Pizan
Angela Merici
32
Painted the Mona Lisa
da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Donatello
33
An important contribution of Islamic scholars was the preservation of and translation into Arabic of documents from
The Ottoman Empire
The Greeks and the Romans
Subsaharan Africa
Early Christian Europe
34
What are two ways to create perspective in a painting?
Use shadow
blur objects
Use light
Reduce the size of objects
35
Galileo did not get in trouble for teaching heliocentrism per se, but for something he wrote in a letter. What was it?
He expressed support for Martin Luther.
He presumed to interpret Scripture.
He said no serious scientist believes in God.
He identified as a Deist.
36
In this letter from 1615, what did Galileo say to defend himself from his critics?
Sometimes the Bible has to be interpreted metaphorically.
Heliocentrism has nothing to do with salvation, so it can't be heresy.
God gave us reason and intellect, so he must want us to use them.
The geocentric passages from the Bible are probably forgeries.
37
During the Renaissance, writers began writing
in rhyming couplets
in stream of consciousness form
with a focus on individuality
in their vernacular
38
Civic humanism led cities like Florence to pay for all of the following EXCEPT...
A large standing army
Dowries to help poor women get married
Beautiful public buildings, schools, and artwork
Charity work
39
The Baroque style is characterized by
Pale colors
Simplicity
Drama
Rigid lines
40
Merchants and bankers helped create the Renaissance with their
interest in anatomy
desire for luxury goods
innovative ideas
translations of Greek and Roman texts
41
What effect did paper and the printing press have on the Renaissance?
It helped the ideas of the Renaissance spread and made books cheaper
All people in Europe could read by the end of the 16th century
It decreased learning by 58%
It allowed the Church to stop the Renaissance with many pamphlets
42
According to civic humanism, the wealthy should spend their money...
On finding a cure for the bubonic plague
On the common good, such as public art and charity work
On advancing technology through university endowments and research grants
On lavish sensory experiences, such as sumptuous feasts and choice wines
43
What word does Machiavelli use to describe overcoming bad fortune with intellect, cunning and other skills?
Ruthlessness
Planning
Wit
Ability
44
What philosophy is centered around people and their concerns?
Thomism
Classicalism
Civic Humanism
Humanism
45
Wrote
The Book of the City of Ladies
Elizabeth I
Desiderius Erasmus
Christine de Pizan
Sir Thomas More
46
Because of the Renaissance, people were
No longer interested in ancient Greece.
More willing to question things.
No longer interested in ancient Rome.
Less willing to question things.
47
What does a barometer do?
Measures atmospheric pressure; helps predict weather
Helps you to see teeny tiny microorganisms
Converts a liquid into a gas
Measures heat
48
Which is NOT a reason the Reformation may have planted the seeds of democracy?
Emphasis on individual conscience
Protestant churches often voted for who would be their leaders
Admiration for the democratic process in ancient Greece and Rome
Desire for religious freedom
49
What event precipitated the Protestant Reformation?
Erasmus published In Praise of Folly.
Luther nailed 95 Theses to the cathedral door in Wittenberg.
Henry VIII started his own Church.
The Bohemians rebelled after Jan Hus was burned at the stake.
50
Ignatius Loyola is significant because
he translated the Bible into the vernacular.
he started the Society of Jesus, or Jesuits.
he started the Protestant sect of Presbyterianism.
he was arguably the greatest Baroque artist.
51
What made Galileo feel he eventually had a little more freedom to speak about his favorite theory again?
His friend was elected Pope Urban VIII
He moved to Germany, where he was safe from the Church
His friend was elected Pope Gregory XII
He moved to England where he was safe from the Church
52
First woman to make a living from writing
Catherine of Siena
Teresa of Avila
Angela Merici
Christine de Pizan
53
Who is considered "the father of the Renaissance"?
Castiglione
Boccacio
Dante
Petrarch
54
What were two things Renaissance merchants and bankers liked to spend their money on?
Luxury goods
Sheep and Cattle
Soldiers for their personal armies
Incredible painting and sculpture
55
English humanist who wrote
Utopia
William Shakespeare
Girolamo Savonarola
Thomas More
Desiderius Erasmus
56
Doctor of the Church
Angela Merici
Catherine of Siena
Albiniface of Antioch
Ignatius Loyola
57
Machiavelli probably wrote the Prince for all the following reasons EXCEPT
To get Italians to stop using mercenaries, who were unreliable & tame
Because he believed that having a king was the best government system
To avoid having Italy end up a pawn in Europe's politics
To motivate Italians to be vicious enough to survive battles with Europeans
58
Pyramid configuration is used to
Startle the viewer
Create a sense of movement and drama
Draw attention to the center of the painting
Symbolize ancient Egypt
59
In The Prince, Machiavelli tried to warn his fellow Italians about the brutal tactics of which two countries?
Portugal and the Holy Roman Empire
Portugal and England
The Holy Roman Empire and France
England and France
60
When Galileo started teaching heliocentrism in 1609, the backlash was immediate.
False
True
61
When you make a claim, you must offer specific, concrete evidence in support of your claim.
False
True
62
The philosophy most identified with the Renaissance is
Humanism
Gnosticism
Existentialism
Idealism
63
In this painting, what creates perspective?
The trees and nature in the background
Mona LIsa's famous smile
The contrast between her light skin and dark shirt
The way her hands are folded
64
Refused to take the Oath of Succession
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Cromwell
Thomas Cranmer
Thomas More
65
What did Luther believe about the Mass/worship services?
They should be in the vernacular.
They needed more art.
They should be longer.
They should stop giving sermons and just focus on the ritual.
66
The overall goal of civic humanism was
to make humanism more civil and less rude
To use the wealth of the city to improve the lives of citizens
to make sure no one was too wealthy
To defeat other cities in architecture contests
67
Music of the Renaissance/Baroque period was
almost always secular.
almost always religious.
pretty much the same as Medieval music.
complex and polyphonic.
68
Dutch humanist and priest who wrote
In Praise of Folly
Cesare Borgia
William Shakespeare
Desiderius Erasmus
Albrecht Durer
69
Sola scriptura means
It is necessary for Scripture to be translated.
only Scripture is a source of authority.
Scripture is not a source of authority.
Scripture can be understood properly only in the original Greek.
70
Painter of the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
da Vinci
Raphael
Donatello
71
Wrote The Divine Comedy
Thomas Aquinas
Christien de Pizan
Baldasarre Castiglione
Dante Alighieri
72
Perspective creates the illusion that
The painting has depth; could be walked into
The painting is really deep and meaningful
That people's anatomy is more accurate
There are actually food and objects in there
73
Known for his many Madonna paintings
Raphael
Donatello
Michelangelo
da Vinci
74
What did Galileo do to make Pope Urban VIII angry?
He taught the heliocentric theory at the University of Padua
He called the church superstitious and backwards in a letter to a friend
He wrote a book insulting arguments the Pope had made to him in person
He denied the geocentric theory during a church council
75
Changed the evolution of the Italian language
Casiglione
da Vinci
Dante
Petrarch
76
Art is generally considered more accurate and realistic in the Renaissance than the Middle Ages.
False
True
77
Why did the Church care so much if Galileo interpreted the Bible, anyway?
The Protestant Reformation had happened recently.
The Council of Trent said that only the Church could interpret the Bible.
They knew that Galileo was a Calvinist.
They hated science.
78
Humanists emphasized the importance of the humanities. What were the humanities?
Astronomy, astrology, metallurgy, alchemy
Geometry, algebra, calculus, trigonometry
Grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, philosophy
Biology, chemistry, physics, medicine, engineering
79
Sola scriptura and sola fides originated with
Luther
Calvin
Zwingli
Aquinas
80
Inventor of the barometer
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
Evangelista Torricelli
Isaac Newton
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
81
Which did Luther acknowledge as a source of authority?
Only Scripture
The pope
Scripture and Tradition
Only Tradition
82
What did Luther believe about sacraments?
Only Baptism and Holy Orders were legit.
Only Baptism and Confession were legit.
Only Eucharist and Confession were legit.
Only Baptism and Eucharist were legit.
83
Caravel ships were important because...
They sped up trade and made it more profitable.
They could carry more cannons for battles at sea.
They were precursors to the modern submarine.
They were said to be unsinkable.
84
This new way of thinking in the Renaissance eventually contributed to all the following movements EXCEPT
The Protestant Reformation
The Scientific Revolution
The Classical Period
The Enlightenment
85
Tenebrism is
The use of extreme contrasts of light and dark in painting.
The use of realistic rather than idealized figures in painting.
The use of counterpoint and harmony in music.
The use of Biblical subject matter in painting.
86
How did the Inquisition punish Galileo?
Thrown into prison
Tortured
Burned at the stake
Placed under house arrest
87
Renaissance man with skills in many areas (painter, inventor, architect, etc.)
Monteverdi
Caravaggio
da Vinci
Raphael
88
Sculptor of the David and the Pieta.
Donatello
da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
89
Which artist is most associated with tenebrism?
Caravaggio
Gentileschi
Monteverdi
Bernini
90
What was Galileo's punishment for saying the heliocentric theory didn't contradict the Bible in a letter to a friend?
He was asked to stop teaching it as a fact
He was burned at the stake
He was tortured
He was placed under house arrest
91
Humanism mixed three cultural ideas together. Which was NOT one of those cultures?
Christian
Greek
Indian/Buddhist
Roman
92
According to Machiavelli, is it better to be loved or feared?
Loved
Feared
93
What motivated the promotion of civic humanism?
Franciscans preachers promoted the idea.
It made merchants and bankers feel less guilty about being rich.
A university study proved it was a good idea.
Aristotle wrote about it in his political treatise.
94
Circulated amongst Machiavelli's family and friends, all of the following is what people thought about the Prince EXCEPT
It was a potentially useful guide for being a ruthless leader
It was an immoral and Godless book
It was a hilarious satire of bad rulers at the time
It was a passionate argument for democracy
95
Machiavelli's support for democracy was a typical view of the time.
False
True
96
To win people back to the Church, the Catholic church started using the ______ style.
Baroque
Gothic
Byzantine
Tudor
97
All of the following contributed to Renaissance art's realism EXCEPT:
Artists began taking their paints outside and drawing from nature.
Artists began drawing from live models.
Oil paints and stretched canvas allowed artists to use more detail.
Artists studied anatomy to learn how to draw the human body.
98
Jan Hus was a Czech priest and a fan of Wycliffe. He was ultimately
burned at the stake.
elected pope.
canonized.
exiled from Bohemia.
99
Humanism was a mixture of
Muslim and Christian ideas
Roman and Muslim ideas
Greek and Roman ideas
Greco-Roman and Christian ideas
100
Who wrote The Book of the Courtier?
Aristotle
Thomas Aquinas
Lorenzo the Magnificent
Baldassare Casiglione
