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Chemistry test 3 Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry test 3
Chemistry test 3
100 terms
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chapter 2 and 7
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1
What is an element? select all that apply
Ne
some elements exist in nature as molecules
H2O
consists of a single type of atom
2
What are protons? select 2
Negatively charge
Found out of the nucleus
positively charged
Found in the nucleus
3
What are the types of physical properties?
Intensive physical property
Extensive Physical property
Chemical physical property
all of the above
4
What is the name of this structure?
Skeletal diagrams
Lewis Structure
Molecular Bonding
Intermolecular Bonding
5
Dalton's Atomic theory includes: select all that apply
Chemical reactions don't create, destroy or change atoms
all atoms of an element are identical and unique
Elements are composed of tiny, invisible particles
Compounds are formed by bonding atoms together in a fixed ratio
6
which statements are true about halogens?
Increase flammability
Decrease toxicity
Increase toxicity
Eliminate flammability
7
Covalent bonds are often stronger than electrostatic bonds
True
False
8
What is an Ion-Dipole attraction?
Occurs between an ion and a polar molecules
It is only possible when an atom is directly bonded to F,O or N
Created whenever e- in a molecule are unevenly distributed
It is an attraction between the opposite(partial)charges of polar molecules
9
What are examples of Ionic Compounds? (select all that apply)
NaCl
HCO3 -
NaCl-
LiCl
10
Physical properties can't be observed
False
True
11
What is a physical change?
Change in atom that occurs w/o changing the chemical makeup
Change in the charge that occurs w/o changing the chemical makeup
Change in matter that results in the formation of a different subtance
Change in matter that occurs w/o changing the chemical makeup
12
What is a chemical change?
Change in matter that occurs w/o changing the chemical makeup
Change in the charge that results in the formation of a different subtance
Change in matter that results in the formation of a different subtance
Change in atom that occurs w/o changing the chemical makeup
13
What does the Lewis Structure represents?
Frequently used in organic chemistry
Lines between atoms represent shared pairs of electrons in covalent bonds
The dot are not the covalent bonds
Dots or lines are the e-
14
A pure subtance (all that apply)
Consist of only one kind of atom
Has more than one atom
Could also be a compound
is called an element
15
What is a cation ? (all that apply)
has a negative charge
has a positive charge
Cl-
Ca+2
16
The element in the vertical columns have
The same chemical properties
The same physical properties
Similar chemical and physical properties
the same number of e- shells
17
What some examples of physical properties? (all that apply )
toxicity
Boiling point
melting point
Oxidation
18
All matter is composed of atoms
True
False
19
Which elements give up 1 or 2 electrons to achieve a noble gas like electron configuration?
Metals
Noble gas
Nonmetals
Metalloid
20
The element in the horizontal rows have
the same number of e- shells
The same chemical properties
The same physical properties
Similar chemical and physical properties
21
Which column is contain the noble gases?
6A
8A
1A
7A
22
What are the different types of electrostatic bonds?(all that apply)
Dipole
Ion-Ion
Dipole-Dipole
Ion-Dipole
23
Which formula will give you the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic mass number- Atomic weight
Atomic mass number + Atomic weight
Atomic weight - Atomic number
Atomic number -Atomic weight
24
Select the elements (all that apply)
Mg
O2
N2
H2O
25
What is the most versatile element in the universe?
Nitrous Oxide
Hydrogen
Iron
Carbon
26
What some examples of chemical properties? (all that apply )
toxicity
melting point
Oxidation
Boiling point
27
What is a hydrogen bond?
It is only possible when an atom is directly bonded to F,O or N
It is an attraction between the opposite(partial)charges of polar molecules
Occurs between an ion and a polar molecules
Created whenever e- in a molecule are unevenly distributed
28
What is a Covalent Bond?
Electrons are shared equally
Physical sharing of 1 or more pairs of electrons
electrostatic bonds when electrons get transferred from one atom to another
Transfer of 1 or more pairs of electrons
29
These groups have a number of valence electrons equal to the group number
B-groups
Columns
A-groups
rows
30
As elements move from the left to the right upper side, the electronegativity increases
True
False
31
What are the horizontal rows called?
rows
periods
groups
columns
32
What is a compound?
an atom or a group of atoms bonded together & net electrical charge
comprised of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
consists of a single type of atom
33
Covalent Bonds (all that apply)
nonmetals that forms a bound and share electrons with each other
The sharing of 1-pair of electrons called a single bond
Weaker than electrostatic bonds
It is a molecular compound
34
What is a ion?
atoms that gained or lost electrons & have a net electrical charge
consists of a single type of atom
comprised of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
35
Which element acquired 1 to 2 extra electrons to achieve a noble gas like an electron configuration?
Noble gas
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloid
36
What is a Dipole-Dipole attraction?
Occurs between an ion and a polar molecules
Created whenever e- in a molecule are unevenly distributed
It is only possible when an atom is directly bonded to F,O or N
It is an attraction between the opposite(partial)charges of polar molecules
37
What is an Ionic Compound? (all that apply)
comprised of cations & anions bonded together
Has a negative charge
also called a salt
comprised of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
38
A pure Subtance can be separated into its components through physical changes
False
True
39
What is the charge of a dipole molecule?
Negative
Neutral
Positive and Negative
Posivitive
40
what is an electrons? select all that apply
Correspond to the atomic weight
smaller than protons
negatively charged
mass is typically ignored
41
What are examples of Ion-Ion? (select all that apply)
NaCl
LiF
NAL
O2
42
What is an isotope?
one element w/ identical # of neutrons but different # of neutrons
one element w/ identical # of neutrons but different # of electrons
one element w/ identical # of protons but different # of electrons
one element w/ identical # of protons but different # of neutrons
43
On the periodic table, where are the Nonmetals located?
the middle
left side
at the bottom
right side
44
Which shell containts the valence electrons?
Innermost shell
Subshell
Outermost shell
First electron shell
45
What is matter?
Anything with mass that occupies space
Anything with mass that does not occupies space
The study of atoms
Studies composition, properties, and behavior at the atomic level
46
What is a molecular compound?
an atom or a group of atoms bonded together & net electrical charge
comprised of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
consists of a single type of atom
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
47
What is a polar Covalent Bond?
Electrons are shared equally
Electrons are shared unequally
They are Diatomic molecules usually
Electrons are transferred
48
What is a anion ? (all that apply)
has a negative charge
has a positive charge
Cl-
Ca+2
49
What is a chemical change? (all that apply)
H2O + electrical current= H2 & O2
Ice cube melts
a change in matter that occurs without changing the chemical makeup
change in matter that results in a chemically different substances
50
What are examples of Covalent Bonds? (all that apply)
KCl
NaCl
H2O
O2
51
What are the principles of intermolecular Forces?(all that apply)
Dipole-Dipole
London forces
Polar and Nonpolar
Hydrogen Bonding
52
What elements have a filled outer valence shell?
Metals
Noble gases
metalloids
Nonmetals
53
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Iron
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrous Oxide
54
Elements are pure subtances which:
Have a charge and have an equal # of protons and electrons
Have no charge and have an equal # of protons and neutrons
Have no charge and have an equal # of protons and electrons
Have no charge and have an equal # of neutrons and electrons
55
What is an element ?
comprised of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
consists of a single type of atom
an atom or a group of atoms bonded together & net electrical charge
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
56
Ionic compounds consist of (select all that apply )
anions
They have more than one kind of atom
Cations
They are not molecules
57
What is a gas?
fluid, compressible, & easily changes volume w/ changes in pressure & temp
Fluids, minimally compressible, may change volume with pressure and temp
A mixture of ionized gas and free floating electrons
Resists changes in shape and volume
58
On the periodic table, where are the metals located?
right side
left side
In the middle
At the bottom
59
What are the different types of covalent Bonds? (all that apply)
Ion-Ion
Polar
Ion compound
Non-polar
60
Atoms with unpaired valence electrons are? (all that apply )
tend to form chemical bonds
Reactive
tend not to form chemical bonds
Nonreactive
61
Na has 11 protons, therefore since it is a neutral elment, How many electrons does it have?
11
12
10
8
62
The valence shell
The A group # represents the number of valence electrons
needs at least 8 electrons
The A period # represents the number of valence electrons
Contains 8 neutrons
63
What is a physical change? (all that apply)
Ice cube melts
change in matter that results in a chemically different substances
H2O + electrical current= H & O2
a change in matter that occurs without changing the chemical makeup
64
what are molecules? select all that apply
H2O
Fe
N2
molecules are electrically neutral
65
What is an atom? select 2
is not the fundamental building block of matter
smallest unit of matter, retains all chemical properties of an element
largest unit of matter, retains all chemical properties of an element
is the fundamental building block of matter
66
What is chemistry? select 2
Studies composition, properties, and behavior at any level
Studies composition, properties, and behavior at the atomic level
studies EMW
studies matter
67
If an compound has fewer electrons than protons,
the net charge on the atom is negative
the net charge on the atom is positive
It is a cation
It is an anion
68
Which statements are true about molecules? (select all that apply)
Consist of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded
Most molecules are compounds
They are not compounds
Molecules that consist of only one kind of atom are elements
69
Which statement is true about Ion-Dipole attractions? (all that apply)
It is weaker than Ion-Ion bonding
Unequal distribution of e- within the molecule
The attraction force varies and depends in the magnitude of the dipole
equal distribution of e- within the molecule
70
What is a Polyatomic Ion? (all that apply)
a group of 2 or + atoms covalently bonded together behave as a single unit
NO2+3
Have a net charge
NaCl
71
What is density ?
It measures the amount of e-
The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume
It is a measurement of friction
The ratio between an object's density & the density of water
72
What is an isotope? select 2
2 atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
It has different mass number, but the same atomic number(protons)
Different mass number, but the same atomic number (neutrons)
2 atoms of the same element with a different number of protons
73
What is an Ion?
It is an atom or group of atoms without a charge
It is an atom or group of atoms with a charge
It is an single atom with a charge
It is a molecular compound with a charge
74
Which statements are true about shells?
Each shell is only given a different letter
Electrons must fill the lower/inner shells first
Electrons must fill the higher/outer shells first
Each shell is given a n value
75
What is the name of this structure?
Molecular Bonding
Lewis Structure
Skeletal diagrams
Intermolecular Bonding
76
What are vertical columns called?
rows
columns
periods
groups
77
What is a solid?
fluids with minimal or no compressibility
fixed shape and volume
mixture of ionized gas and free-floating electrons
fluids, but compressible and easily change volume
78
Nonmetals can be (all that apply)
are nonconductors of electricity and heat
Tend to form anions
solid, liquid or gases
On the left side of the periodic table
79
which statements are true? (all that apply)
Each shell from innermost to outermost increases in energy
There is not a max number of electrons that each shell can hold
Each shell from inner to outer decreases in energy
There is a max number of electrons that each shell can hold
80
What is the atomic number?
the number of protons within the nucleus
average of the atomic masses
the average of atomic numbers
the number of electrons within the nucleus
81
What are some examples of Physical property? (all that apply)
Flammability
Color
Melting point
Density
82
what is a proton? select all that apply
larger than electrons
Correspond to the atomic weight
Approx 1 atomic mass unit AMU
correspond to the atomic number
83
Ion compounds are formed between?
nonmetal+ nonmetals
metal + nonmetals
metal +metal
cations + cations
84
Which statement is true about electrostatic bonds?(all that apply)
Metals lose an electron and Non-metals gain an electron
Opposites attract
Electrons get transferred from on atom to another
Metals gain an electron and Non-metals lose an electron
85
What is a liquid?
Fluids, minimally compressible, may change volume with pressure and temp
Resists changes in shape and volume
A mixture of ionized gas and free-floating electrons
Compressible, and easily changes volume in changes in pressure and temp
86
What are some examples of Polyatomic Ions?
OH-
Cl-
HCO3-
NO2-3
87
If a compound has more electrons than prontons,
It is an anion
The net charge on the atom is positive
The net charge on the atom is negative
It is an cation
88
Each shell can only have a set number of electrons
True
False
89
What is a London Force?
Occurs between an ion and a polar molecules
It is only possible when an atom is directly bonded to F,O or N
Created whenever e- in a molecule are unevenly distributed
It is an attraction between the opposite(partial)charges of polar molecules
90
Each element is defined by the number of:
Neutrons
protons and neutrons
Protons
electrons
91
An isotope has
Same atomic number but a different mass number
Same atomic weight but different atomic number
Same atomic mass number but different atomic weight
Same mass number but different atomic number
92
Halogen gases used in the OR to make other gasses less flammable
False
True
93
what is a neutron? select all that apply
Approx mass is 1 AMU
Correspond to the atomic mass
larger than electrons
electrically neutral
94
What identifies the element ?
The number of electrons
The number of atoms
The atomic weight
The atomic number
95
Metals can be (all that apply)
are nonconductors of electricity and heat
Tend to form cations
are conductors of electricity and heat
Tend to for anion
96
What are molecules? select all that apply
a group of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
Molecular compounds
a group of two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond
molecules are not electrically neutral
97
What is an example of an Ion?
Cl
Anion
Cation
Polyatomic
98
What is an Electrostatic bond?
attraction of protons between atoms due to protons distribution
attraction of elecctrons between atoms due to electron distribution
attraction of protons between atoms due to electron distribution
attraction of neutrons between atoms due to neutrons distribution
99
What are some examples of Nonpolar Covalent Bond? (all that apply )
H2O
H2
N2
CO2
100
what is the atomic number of carbon?
6 neutrons
6 protons
6 protons and neutrons
6 electrons
