The Chemistry of Life: Biological Macromolecules

Technically, lipids don't form true polymers but they do have a basic unit much like a monomer. Their basic unit is a:

Molecules are considered organic if they contain the element ________ in their structure.

They can be a single linear chain of carbon atoms with a hydroxyl (-OH) group, but can also be a ring structure (in H20)

These macromolecules are used for an immediate source of energy.

The bonds that join amino acids are called ________bonds.

A lipid responsible for the overall structure and function of the cell membrane.

Starch and glycogen, two types of complex sugars, are made up of ten or more monosacchardies.

RNA can self replicate.

The macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus.

These two macromolecules are very important and integral to the composition of the plasma membrane:

Bread, Pasta, fruits and sweets are high in...

Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates that are ______ to ______ monosaccharide units bonded together by glycosidic bonds.

Which macromolecule is great as a waterproofing molecule?

All four bio macromolecules contain at least carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Dry seeds will absorb water b/c there is a ____concentration of water molecules_____ the seed so the water moves inside.

What is this polymer with all the hydroxyl groups...?

___________ is the chemistry of life.

Polysaccharides, made up of 10 or more monosaccharide units bonded together, are commonly referred to as_______________,

Makes up meat, nuts, and eggs.

How many amino acids is a polypeptide?

This element is especially important to life because of its ability to bond easily and stably with other elements.

With Dialysis tubing, starch is a simple enough carb to pass through the membrane.

All disaccharides are formed by a process called dehydration synthesis.

This molecule is most important to keeping the cell membrane very "fluid" and "flexible."

Which macromolecules contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen but not phosphorus?

The monomer units for a protein are _______________.

The body will store energy in this form for longer term storage ....

These are specialized proteins that help speed up chemical reactions.

This type of macromolecule is known as "simple sugar."

All biological macromolecules contain hydrogen, oxygen and carbon.

A chain of 12-20 amino acids is called a ____________.

All macromolecules are polymers.

Soaps and detergents are made from this biological macromolecule.

Each ______ of nucleic acid has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base.

Iodine is a good indicator of this complex sugar:

Where are nucleic acids found in the cell?

DNA, a nucleic acid, can self-replicate.

All organic molecules that are nonpolar are called ___________ (a type of macromolecule).

These are the most abundant biological compounds.

RNA is double stranded.

Which indigestible, structural component of the plant cell is made mainly of polysaccharides (complex sugars)?

Glucose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar)

How many amino acids are used by the body in total?

How many amino acids can our bodies produce?

Starch is a simple sugar (simple carb). Glucose is a complex sugar (complex carb).

Nucleic acids are nitrogen containing compounds composed of monomers called ____________.

Is this DNA or RNA (look at the strands!)?

Makes up many structural components of living things .. "building blocks" of the body...big fancy molecules like the pic

Type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate

What are the four types of biological macromolecules?

These type of amino acids cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through our diet.

50 or more amino acids bonded together makes a _____________.

Polymers (chain-like molecules) are built by joining smaller molecule subunits called _____________.

A macromolecule involved in roughER transport of molecules & made by ribsome. The molecules are needed all over the body