What is the focus of an earthquake?

Place where an earthquake begins, below surface.

can holds more water vapor than cold air due to further spaced molecules

The Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the?

size of the largest seismic wave (amplitude)

What's the difference between WEATHERING and EROSION?

Weathering breaks rocks apart but Erosion moves sediments.

Magma tends to rise towards Earth's surface because?

rocks become less dense and more bouyant when they melt

If Earth's axis were not tilted

there would be no seasonal changes

Cold, salty water is more dense than warm, fresh water

The greenhouse effect

is natural, it keeps the planet warm enough for life

What is seafloor spreading?

Process in which tectonic plates split apart from each other

To find an area with a hot dry climate, go to

an inland region near 0 degrees latitude

The epicenter of an earthquake is

the surface above where the earthquake begins

Which of the following is an example of erosion?

A glacier picks up and moves little bits of sediment

A soil horizon consists of:

The different horizontal layers in mature soil

The thermohaline circulation is responsible for...

controlling temperature, salinity, & nutrients in the ocean

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APES Earth Systems and Resources

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APES Earth Systems and Resources:

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Questions 92

Answers

1
Most of Earth's earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain building occur ___?
in the center of continents
at transform plate boundaries
at convergent plate boundaries
at divergent plate boundaries
2
What is the focus of an earthquake?
Located where an earthquake ends.
Located above the surface.
Place where an earthquake begins, below surface.
Located directly above epicenter
3
Warm air
cannot hold water
has equal amount of water vapor as cold air
holds less water vapor than cold air
can holds more water vapor than cold air due to further spaced molecules
4
Convergent boundaries
slide into one another
push away from each other
are under water
push against each other
5
During El Nino, winds in the Pacific Ocean push _______ eastward.
warm water
warm air
cold water
cold air
6
Use the soil triangle 20% sand, 20% silt, and 60% clay
clay
silt loam
sandy clay
loamy clay
7
The Himalayan Mountains are an example of:
Convergent-subduction boundary
Convergent-collision boundary
Divergent boundary
Transform-sliding boundary
8
How many main plate tectonics are there?
10
15
5
12
9
The Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the?
size of the largest seismic wave (amplitude)
arrival time of P & S waves
intensity of the earthquake
duration of the earthquake
10
What kind of soil is 50% clay and 50% silt?
silty clay
clay
sand
sandy clay loam
11
Point on Earth's surface right above the focus of an earthquake
mantle
focus
epicenter
crust
12
Subduction zones create
faults
trenches
ocean ridge
rift zones
13
A soil triangle is used to determine a soil's
Porosity
Nutrient Content
Texture
Permeability
14
The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 occurred along what fault?
The San Francisco Fault
the California Fault
The Pacific Fault
The San Andreas Fault
15
What's the difference between WEATHERING and EROSION?
Erosion is faster than Weathering.
Weathering breaks rocks apart but Erosion moves sediments.
Weathering moves sediments but Erosion breaks rocks apart.
Weathering is faster than Erosion.
16
What are pieces of broken down or weathered rock?
Stones
Rocks
Minerals
Sediments
17
Magma tends to rise towards Earth's surface because?
rocks become less dense and more bouyant when they melt
water is abundant in magma
silica is abundant in magma
rocks become more dense and bouyand when they melt
18
To find the epicenter of an earthquake, what number of seismic stations that are needed?
3 * 10^8
3
1
5
19
Water and air fall in the soil is called?
holes
porosity
permeability
cracks
20
Be careful! That fry pan handle might be hot due to
conduction
the greenhouse effect
radiation
convection
21
If Earth's axis were not tilted
there would be no day and night
it would be difficult to measure the length of a year
there would be no seasonal changes
every place on Earth would have the same climate
22
The poles are colder because they receive ______ rays.
direct
no
oblique/indirect
UV
23
Which is true?
Cold water is less dense than warm water
Cold, salty water is more dense than warm, fresh water
Warm are is denser than cold air
Salty water is less dense than fresh water
24
Long-term, atmospheric conditions at a particular place describes
Climate
Westerlies
Weather
Density
25
The greenhouse effect
is a big problem, we must stop it
is due to all the nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere
is natural, it keeps the planet warm enough for life
is in danger of disappearing from chemicals in the atmosphere
26
What is seafloor spreading?
Process in which tectonic plates split apart from each other
Process where one plate is forced under another
Process in which tectonic plates collide underwater
Theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates
27
Occurs at divergent plates
volcanoes
trenches
seafloor spreading
earthquakes
28
To find an area with a hot dry climate, go to
an inland region near 40 degrees latitude
an inland region near 0 degrees latitude
a coastal region near 0 degrees latitude
a coastal region near 90 degrees latitude
29
What does a hotspot form?
Continents
Mountains
Trenches
Islands
30
The form of energy transfer that can occur through outer space is
conduction
convection
aggravation
radiation
31
What type of plate boundary resulted in volcanic activity in this illustration?
ocean-ocean convergent
continent-continent convergence
ocean-continental convergence
divergent
32
Using the soil triangle, what type of soil is 30% sand, 40% silt, and 30% clay?
clay
clay loam
loam
silt loam
33
Which soil particle would allow for the quickest percolation?
silt
clay
sand
none of these
34
A succession of ocean waves set in motion by a submarine earthquake is called a/an?
tsunami
underwater landslide
liquification
compression wave
35
Plate boundary where plates move apart
transform
convergent
divergent
36
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of:
Transform-sliding boundary
Convergent-collision boundary
Convergent-subduction boundary
Divergent boundary
37
The epicenter of an earthquake is
the area where s waves are deflected
the area where p waves bend
the surface above where the earthquake begins
where the earthquake begins
38
Which of the following is an example of erosion?
A tree root cracks the sidewalk
Extreme heat and cold cause rocks to break apart
A glacier picks up and moves little bits of sediment
Water freezes inside a rock, expands, and cracks it
39
The percent the atmosphere made up of nitrogen is approximately
50
78
21
1
40
What refers to the void spaces in soil?
Loam
Porosity
Sunlight
Permeability
41
The Earth's plates are part of the
asthenosphere
biosphere
lithosphere
hydrosphere
42
Earthquakes are associated with
mountains
faults
tsunamis
volcanoes
43
Divergent boundaries...
push against each other
push away from each other
slide next to each other
slide into one another
44
A soil horizon consists of:
Only the surface litter layer
The different horizontal layers in mature soil
The top 2 layers of soil in which plants live
45
Which crust is lighter?
Oceanic
Continental
46
The thermohaline circulation is responsible for...
creating droughts in the United States & floods in Australia
controlling UV absorption
controlling temperature, salinity, & nutrients in the ocean
producing heat on land
47
The belt of prevailing winds that are at 30^o - 60^o north and 30^o-60^o south are called
trade winds
prevailing westerlies
jet streams
polar easterlies
48
Greenhouse gases
never change
trap heat
are found mostly in the upper atmosphere
convert sunlight to heat
49
The volcanic landforms at divergent ocean plate boundaries are
volcanic island arcs
ocean ridges
ocean trenches
continental volcanic arcs
50
The largest of these soil separates or particles are...
gravel
sand
clay
silt
51
Which of the following lists the 3 main particles of soil by INCREASING size?
sand, silt, clay
clay, silt, sand
clay, sand, silt
silt, sand, clay
52
Trade winds are prevailing winds that go
west to east
south to north
east to west
north to south
53
Rain is most likely to form when
warm, dry air sinks
warm, moist air rises
cold, moist air sinks
cold, dry air rises
54
The rain shadow effect causes
cold areas near islands
dry areas on the inland side of mountain ranges
rain to fall mostly in shadows
hot areas near the coast
55
Greenland is a huge chunk of ice, what kind of havoc can it wreak on Earth if it melts?
it will send the USA into an ice age, brrrrrrr!
it will send Europe into an ice age, brrrrrr!
it will send the USA into a heat wave! hot hot hot
it will send Europe into a heat wave! hot hot hot
56
The layers of the atmosphere, from the top down are
Tropo, strato, exo, meso, thermo
Exo, thermo, meso, strato, tropo
Exo, thermo, strato, meso, tropo
Tropo, meso, strato, thermo, exo
57
In NJ, we are most affected by
the polar easterlies in the stratosphere
the Aurora borealis in the thermosphere
prevailing westerlies in the troposphere
weather patterns in the mesosphere
58
Is the natural process that breaks down rock to form sediment
Weathering
Stratification
Sedimentation
Earthquakes
59
Underground mountains are formed by
faults
volcanic hotspots
landslides
earthquakes
60
Coriolis effect is caused by...
convection cells in the water that creates ocean currents
the tilt of the Earth and causes seasons
the rotation of Earth and bends winds right in NH left in SH
convection cells in the air that creates wind
61
Latitude is
Long-term weather conditions at a particular place
The vertical lines that go from the north to the south pole
Horizontal lines of distance north and south of the equator
a belt of prevailing winds
62
Volcanic activity forms
new continental crust
new Earth plates
new oceanic crust
new oceans
63
Which part of the ocean is the deepest?
seamounts
rifts
ridges
trenches
64
Air molecules are warmed when they contact Earth's surface through
condensation
convection
condition
conduction
65
Find your soil texture triangle: Texture of soil with 60% Sand, 30% Clay, and 10% Silt.
Silty Clay Loam
Sandy Clay
Sandy Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
66
How many soil types are on the soil triangle?
12
10
18
6
67
Which seismic waves are the most destructive?
compression waves
P waves (body wave)
S waves (body wave)
surface waves
68
Only the physical properties of a rock change, such as shape, size, and texture:
Chemical weathering
Mechanical weathering
69
Which soil particle holds water best?
sand
clay
silt
all are equal
70
Which is not a form of chemical weathering?
Solution
Biological
Erosion
Oxidation
71
Soil with good structure has what?
large pores and will not erodes easily
no holes
large pores and it erodes easily
lots of holes
72
A fracture in the Earth where movement has occurred is called?
focus
epicenter
tsunami
fault
73
The density of the atmosphere
decreases as you move upwards
is constant from top to bottom
depends mostly on latitude
is unpredictable
74
What causes the seasonal changes on Earth?
constant flow of oceanic currents
latitude
the distribution of precipitation
the tilt of Earth's axis as Earth moves around the sun
75
It breaks rocks down chemically adding or removing chemical elements, and changes them
Mechanical weathering
Chemical weathering
76
What instrument records earthquakes?
Seismograph
Richter Scale
Barometer
Quakeometer
77
The rigid outer layer of Earth that includes the crust and uppermost mantle is called the ___?
mesosphere
asthenosphere
hydrosphere
lithosphere
78
Plate boundary occurs where 2 plates move together
divergent
transform
convergent
79
If the heat is on in our classroom, everybody will stay warm due to
conversation
condensation
conduction
convection
80
The Ring of Fire is an example of:
Convergent-subduction boundary
Convergent-collision boundary
Transform-sliding boundary
Divergent boundary
81
Plate tectonic movement is explained by understanding the
state of matter of the core
state of matter of the asthenosphere
state of matter of the mantle
state of matter of the crust
82
What explains the statement that the "Earth recycles itself"
the process of plate convergence
the process of plate sliding
the process of plate subduction
the process of plate collision
83
Most of the active volcanoes occur at the ___?
East African Rift Valley
Circum-Atlantic Belt
Ring of Lava
Ring of Fire
84
Hurricanes...
are getting bigger and badder because they are fueled by warm water
only form in the Pacific Ocean, where the water is cold
we haven't seen one in years, they are rare
are a great basketball team, go Canes!
85
What causes a tsunami?
movement of magma
molten rock bubbling up
changing shoreline
undersea earthquakes
86
During the Summer in the Southern Hemisphere, the Northern Hemisphere experiences
summer
excess rainfall
winter
a tilt toward the sun
87
The _____ is where we live and the ____ contains the ozone layer.
Thermospere; stratosphere
Atmosphere, stratosphere
Troposphere, mesosphere
Troposphere, stratosphere
88
Plate boundary where 2 plates slide past each other
convergent
divergent
transform
89
Sunny, 70 degrees with strong northeast winds is an example of
latitude
the cause of seasons
weather
climate
90
We can determine soil texture by...
kicking the soil and watching how it lands
looking at the color
weighing the soil sample
using ribbon test and by using a graduated cylinder
91
What type of plate boundary is this?
Divergent
Subductive
Convergent
Transform
92
Top layer of soil
O horizion
C horizon
B horizon
A horizon

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