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AP Human Geo
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1
Political boundaries that most poorly represent the linguistic boundaries are of this region:
Africa
South America
East Asia
North America
2
Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density?
United Kingdom
Nigeria
United States
Egypt
3
In political geography, these forces tend to disrupt and threaten the unity of a state.
Centrifugal
Common values
Centripetal
Homogeneity
4
___ of internet content is in English.
12%
27%
82%
68%
5
The most prevalent rural residential pattern in the world's agricultural areas is:
spaced
nucleated
hierarchical
dispersed
6
The rise of secularism and decline of religious membership are found in:
Africa
Southeast Asia
Southwest Asia
Europe
7
Nigeria has federal system of government in which they adopted the ___ law in the Muslim North.
British Common
Sharia
Nigerian Federal
local tribal
8
By 1960, Mexico no longer depended on imports as production of this crop rose dramatically
tomatoes
corn
coffee
wheat
9
TRUE/FALSE: Functional regions are the product of interaction and movement
False
True
10
Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of ____ into the atmosphere.
chlorofluorocarbons
volcanic ash
methane
CO2
11
The boundaries of this country are being contested by the Palestinians.
Israel
Iraq
Serbia
China
12
Branch of geography that focuses on landforms, climate, soils and vegetation of the Earth is:
biogeography
human geography
cultural geography
physical geography
13
Which of the following states fits the morphology description of compact?
Thailand
Chile
South Africa
Poland
14
The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
neighborhood
activity spaces
inner world
region
15
Select the group that is not a supranational organization.
UN
OPEC
EU
CIA
16
Which describes the general direction that the US population center has moved since 1970?
South
North and West
West and South
North and East
17
A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or mountains is referred to as a(n):
natural/physical boundary
geometric boundary
subsequent boundary
permeable barrier
18
The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is:
Islam
Buddhism
shamanism
Christianity
19
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
20
70
90
50
20
Fragmented states can help create which type of forces within a state?
Cumulative causation
Backwash effects
Centripetal
Centrifugal
21
Which of these sub-regions recently gained more central government powers with parliament?
Scotland
Ireland
Colorado
Russia
22
The four major population clusters in the world include the following regions except...
Southeast Asia
South America
East Asia
South Asia
23
The boundaries between which set of countries were established primarily to separate religions?
Libya and Chad
India and Pakistan
France and Germany
Mexico and the US
24
According to the text, which of the following is considered a state?
British Columbia
Colorado
Hong Kong
France
25
Zoroastrianism is similar to Islam and Christianity in that it is...
a world religion
polytheistic
monotheistic
a missionary religion
26
A tsunami's waves result from:
tidal conditions
high storm winds called "tsunamis"
earthquake displacement of the seafloor
periodic floods
27
Hutterites differ form the Amish in that they...
live in Pennsylvania
are Anabaptist
reject modern technology
accept modern technology
28
The
Confucian Classics
were the 13 texts that were the focus of education 2,000 years ago in:
India
Afghanistan
Japan
China
29
In 2001, reports indicated that as many as ___ women may have been victims of dowry deaths.
7,000
0
1,000
100
30
Form of villages still existing in many rural landscapes that remind of a turbulent past:
linear
grid
walled
round
31
The product of convergence which allows speakers of two or more languages to communicate:
lingua franca
lingua germanica
standardized language
common language
32
A high dependency ratio suggests that a large percentage of the population is...
under 14 and over 65
14-64 years old
under 14 years old
65 years or older
33
The linguistic map of Nigeria reflects extreme fragmentation with nearly ___ languages spoken
25
200
15
400
34
The Second Agricultural Revolution can generally be traced to Europe within what time frame?
fourteenth and fifteenth century
twelfth and thirteenth century
seventeenth and eighteenth century
nineteenth and twentieth century
35
The Little Ice age was pieced together by farmer's diaries. Those of these were most useful.
vegetable growers
grain farmers
dairy farmers
wine growers
36
Which of the following is
not
generally a characteristic of an ethnic religion?
spatially concentrated
does not seek outside converts
always polytheistic
found in a particular culture
37
In villages everywhere, social stratification is reflected by:
the dress of the population
commercial buildings
the street pattern
the range and quality of village houses
38
The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
index of placeness
site
relative location
absolute location
39
The fundamental doctrine of the Hindu faith is :
a detailed book of scripture
karma
a violent ideology
monotheism
40
The Peace of Westphalia ________
marked the beginning of the modern state of Europe
ended WWI
created West Germany after WWII
created modern Pakistan after the British withdrawal
41
The US is the most prolific producer of solid waste, producing about __ lbs per person per day.
7.3
1.5
3.5
4.5
42
The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:
stimulus diffusion
reloaction diffusion
contagious diffusion
independent infection
43
Japan is a hearth of global popular culture that influences North America with...
fashion
animated films
sports
foods
44
The importance of the
spatial
approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
human activity only
political impact of boundaries
arrangement/organization of things on the surface of Earth
history of an area
45
The greatest concentration of streets memorializing MLK, Jr. are found in:
the West
the Northeast, particularly Massachusetts
the South, especially Georgia
the Midwest, especially Illinois
46
Is is estimated that ___% of the Sub-Saharan realm's food is produced by females.
20
50
10
70
47
Skin color is a matter of what pigmentation, a protective element against strong sun.
melanin
dextrose
epithelial
carotene
48
The Kyoto Protocol:
addresses US-Japan trade imbalances
addresses Asian deforestation
addresses global climate change
addresses Japan-European trade imbalances
49
Taro, yams and bananas are associated with the ______ hearth, according to Spencer and Thomas.
Southeast Asian
Ethiopia-East Asian
Meso-American
Southwest Asian
50
Geomancers, those who know the desires of the spirits of those occupying the natural world are:
associated with monotheism
associated with Lamaism
associated with karma
associated with feng-shui
51
The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and supplies mainly:
Israel
Syria
Lebanon
Jordan
52
It is estimated that _____ of the world's population is seriously malnourished.
1/7th
1/2
1/20th
1/10th
53
Demand for organic foods is greatest in:
periphery regions
core regions
semi-periphery regions
spread equally among all regions
54
When a husband migrates from Mexico to US and earns money to allow for his family to migrate
chain migration
forced migration
distance decay
internal migration
55
Language tree diagram of language divergence has some branches with dead ends that represent?
extinct languages
standardized or non-hanging languages
language subfamilies
isolated languages
56
Organic food is found in _____ areas.
semi-periphery
all
periphery
core
57
Which is am example of a non-material aspect of culture?
church building
religious decoration
an alter
burning of incense
58
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called a/an:
isogloss
cultural boundary
international border
sound shift
59
The largest source of international immigrants to the US is from:
Canada
China
India
Mexico
60
Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to _______ more than any other factor.
proximity to resources
population numbers
technology
rate of population growth
61
The ____ of a group of people included the things they construct.
non-material culture
material culture
folk culture
pop culture
62
Uneven distribution of wealth and political power after colonialism was due to wealth in:
North America
Europe and North America
Europe
Asia
63
In order to replace its population only, a country needs a total fertility rate of...
1.2
3.5
3.0
2.1
64
A group of people in a particular space who see themselves as a community and who share traits
popular culture
material culture group
local culture
folk
65
At which scale to boundary disputes occur?
International
National
Local
All of the above
66
The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which is
not
one?
soil erosion
depletion of ozone layer
loss of biodiversity
climatic change
67
The language most widely used as a 2nd language by millions of Indians, Africans, etc.:
French
Spanish
Arabic
English
68
Which of the following is
not
an example of a form of expansion diffusion?
hierarchial
stimulus
independent invention
contagious
69
The basic unit of the township-and-range system, the section, has an area of:
1 acre
36 square miles
1 square mile
160 acres
70
Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media?
stimulus diffusion
hierarchical diffusion
expansion diffusion
relocation diffusion
71
_____ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion.
Location theory
Human-environment interaction
Sense of place
Regionalization
72
What region of North America is most densely populated?
Pacific Northwest
Southeast
Northeast
West Coast
73
The world's largest dominantly Islamic state is:
Indonesia
Iran
Egypt
Pakistan
74
This sub field of geography studies political, economic and strategic significance
Linguistics
Geopolitics
Econometrics
Anthropology
75
Two Russian scholars have established the core of the pre-porto-Indo-European language named:
Nostratic
Austronesian
Etruscan
Anatolian
76
By 1992, the most widely grown crop was a product of the Green Revolution, IR36, a type of:
rice
potatoes
maize
wheat
77
Africa experienced a period of decolonization and creation of many new states when?
1700s
1850s
1950s and 60s
Late nineteenth century
78
Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) was perhaps the first prominent Indian religious leader to:
speak out against the Hindu caste system
accept Karma
reject the eating of meat
acknowledge sacred animals, such as cattle
79
Barrio
is the Spanish term for:
neighborhood
a small donkey
socio-economic barriers to advancement
boundary
80
Which of the following would not be part of the cultural landscape?
livestock
fences
barns
rainfall
81
In von Thunen's model there was a concentric circle of forest around the city because _______.
it would provide lumber and firewood
it would contain the growth of the city
it would filter out pollution
it provided a recreational area
82
The phenomenon that the farther a feature moves from a hearth, the less dominant it is
central place
sequent occupance
distance decay
concentric circle
83
The Spanish invaders of Middle America, centuries ago, laid out villages and towns in what form
oval
round
grid
linear
84
Humans do not populate in large numbers to
areas too high in elevation
areas that are too wet
all of the above
areas that are too cold
85
Which of the following nations is considered a stateless-nation?
Spanish
Jewish
French
Kurdish
86
Which of the following US regional associations is
incorrect
?
Upper Midwest - Lutheran
South - Baptist
Southwest - Mormon
New England - Catholic
87
The form of agriculture that refers to a particular climate is:
Mediterranean
shifting cultivation
dairying
livestock ranching
88
The coordinates of absolute location are useful mainly in determining exact:
directions
distance
distance and directions
elevations
89
Most scholars believe that seed cultivation (!st Agricultural Revolution) occurred in:
the Nile Valley
tropical Africa
the Fertile Crescent
Asia
90
This 20th century communist empire controlled many weaker satellite states in Eastern Europe.
Turkey
China
Germany
Soviet Union
91
In areas of shifting cultivation the population _________.
increases significantly
cannot have a high density
never lies in permanent settlements
must be large enough to provide surplus labor
92
Which of the following is considered a sovereign state?
Hong Kong
Antarctica
India
Alaska
93
The same ultraviolet radiation intercepted by darkly pigmented skin stimulates this production
E
C
A
D
94
Alfred Wegner used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of:
continental drift
the hydrologic cycle
relativity
Earth rotation
95
Latin
octo
(eight) became Italian
otto
, Spanish
ocho
and French
huit.
This is an example of?
deterioration
dialect development
isogloss shift
sound shift
96
The concept of culture is closely identified with:
anthropology
archaeology
psychology
sociology
97
The concept that the US was ordained by God to expand across North America was:
Manifest Destiny
gateway state
complementarity
Rimland Theory
98
Rice cultivation in Southeast Asia is largely a _______ activity.
commercial
mechanized
part-time
subsistence
99
Fair trade coffee buyers certify that ___% of the retail price goes to the coffee growers.
80
40
100
5
100
Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density?
United Kingdom
United States
Brazil
Canada
101
The "lost city" located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
an ethnic enclave
the commodification of nature
modernization
an authentic landscape
102
Map in which data are assigned to class intervals and colors/patterns to distinguish magnitude:
dot distribution map
topographic map
choropleth map
cartogram
103
Yugoslavia was a prime example of a:
multi-nation state
nation-state
stateless nation
multi-state nation
104
TRUE/FALSE: Cholera outbreaks have not occurred in the Twentieth Century
True
False
105
The degree of direct linkage btw one location and other location in a transport network:
connectivity
landscape
movement
spatial interaction
106
One element of the conflict in Sri Lanka is differences of these two religions:
Christianity and tribal
Islam and Jewish
Buddhism and Hindu
Islam and Christianity
107
Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is:
pull factors
push factors
economic indicator factors
place utility factors
108
The boundaries of rocky crustal plates are associated with:
ice caps
earthquakes and volcanoes
plains regions
deserts
109
Which region has a high percentage of geometric boundaries to separate states?
Europe
North Africa
Southeast Asia
South America
110
Plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the:
CO2 in the atmosphere
O2 in the atmosphere
methane in the atmosphere
sulfur in the atmosphere
111
Which region of the US do geometric boundaries predominate?
Southeast
Midwest
Hawaii
Northeast
112
What is the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans?
Seattle, Washington
Atlanta, Georgia
Birmingham, Alabama
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
113
TRUE/FALSE: Cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change as a result of diffusion
False
True
114
In which area of the world are countries in stage one of the demographic transition model found
West and Southern Africa
Northern Europe
North America
South America
115
The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living:
Holocene
Pleistocene
Miocene
Pliocene
116
This type of state has a centralized government and administration that exercises equal control
Compact
Unitary
Regional
Federal
117
The concept that which population will continue to grow even after fertility rates decline
demographic transition
rate of natural increase
demographic momentum
homeostatic plateau
118
Which is
not
an example of a primary economic activity?
mining iron ore
forestry
corn flake production
lobster fishing
119
According to Carl Sauer, the earliest plant domestication __________.
was associated with seed crops
was prompted by scarcity
probably involved planting root crops
occurred in tropical middle America
120
Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population
agricultural areas
urban areas
areas away from coasts
rural areas
121
Convergence processes that produce a pidgin language are first introduced to a population as a:
lingua franca
creole language
language subfamily
dialect
122
Which commodity would be found closest to the market town in von Thunen's model?
wheat
beef
milk
firewood
123
Mackinder's concerns of Stalin's control led to the development of containment in the US and to
the United Nations
friendly relationships with China
the Berlin Wall
NATO
124
Race is:
composed of three major skin color groups
the same as culture
biologically based
socially constructed
125
The fact that trends in popular culture proceed from large global centers to smaller cities is:
diffusion
relative location
migration
hierarchical diffusion
126
Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its own territory?
Palestinians
Mexicans
British
English
127
Central government with subnational entities that have representation in governmental processes
Compact
Communist
Federal
Unitary
128
Any political power based in the center of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate.
Unilateral Theory
Mackinder's Heartland Theory
Huntington's Clash of Civilizations Thesis
Wallerstein's World Systems Theory
129
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
young adults
families
children
older adults
130
The linking of places by common traits or characteristics is defined as:
area
location
region
place
131
The youngest major religion is:
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Hinduism
132
Spread of ideas, traits, knowledge and skills from place of origin to areas where adopted
diffusion
adjustment
cultural repulsion
133
During the Cold War era, which two countries balanced the power of one another?
United Kingdom/France
Spain/Portugal
US/Soviet Union
Pakistan/India
134
Which of the following agricultural activities is widespread in the NE US and NW Europe?
cotton growing
citrus production
sugar beet production
dairying
135
Following the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the only surviving superpower was:
France
Great Britain
China
US
136
The largest major population concentration of North America is
From Toronto to Montreal
from Miami to Jacksonville
From Washington D.C. to Boston
from San Diego to San Francisco
137
Which of the following is the best example of a nation-state?
South Africa
Japan
China
United Kingdom
138
Examples of luxury crops include:
cacao and corn
tobacco and potatoes
tea and sugar
coffee and tobacco
139
Guatemala's agricultural sector produced 22.7% of the country's GDP and employs:
22.7% of labor force
50% of labor force
10% of labor force
25% of labor force
140
Friedrich Ratzel's organic theory identified ______ as a state's essential living force.
strong military
population
mobility
space
141
Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice as:
a cultural heritage
a cultural trait
a culture region
a cultural peculiarity
142
The Hindu religion is one of the oldest of the religions and may have begun ___ years ago.
3,000
1,500
6,000
4,000
143
Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence
European colonists of America moving West in search for gold
144
The Proto-Indo-European language homeland lies somewhere north of the...
Baltic Sea
Sea of Okhotsk
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
145
When places are "designed" either for women or then they are said to be:
social spaces
gendered
restricted areas
sex zones
146
Sikhism is a small compromise religion that arose form the confrontation between Hinduism and:
British colonial officials
Islam
Christianity
Buddhism
147
Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?
graphical
functional
formal
statistical
148
The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in:
equatorial and tropical areas
mid-latitude regions
high latitudes
subtropical regions
149
A form of tropical subsistence agriculture in which fields are rotated after short periods:
nomadic herding
shifting cultivation
subsistence rice cultivation
subsistence wheat cultivation
150
In recent years, many wooded areas in ___ have been deforested to provide beef to the US.
Central and South America
West Africa
East Africa
East and South Asia
151
The arithmetic population density of the US is _____ per square mile.
82
31
1046
347
152
The greater the distance from the hearth, the less likely an innovation will be adopted
cultural repulsion
distance decay
inverse innovation rule
adoption avoidance
153
The ideology of Zionism has as its goal:
the merger of the three modern divisions of Judaism
the elimination of the Orthodox division within the faith
the merger of Judaism with other religions
a homeland for the Jewish people
154
The most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the ______ Glaciation.
Nebraskan
Wisconsinan
Illinoian
Kansan
155
The visible imprint of human activity is known as:
the natural landscape
spatial interaction
the cultural landscape
the attributes of the setting
156
The correct name for the rectangular language division scheme in the US after the American Rev:
long-lot system
metes and bounds system
township-and-range system
Franklin's system
157
Buddhism has its source in:
Japan
Thailand
China
India
158
Gross National Income does not include:
work done by unmarried women
work done by women in maquiladoras
work done by rural women in less developed countries
work done by state-employed women
159
Field of study that considers the rolled of politics in shaping human environmental interaction
Political-ecology
economics
politics
danger
160
Jerusalem is a sacred place for:
Muslims
Christians
Jews
All of the above
161
Presently, most population growth in the world is occurring where?
Africa
least developed countries
more developed countries
western countries
162
Which is an example of an interfaith (boundary) conflict?
Nigeria
Israel - Palestine
Northern Ireland
Former Yugoslavia
163
Environmental determinism was replaced be which approach to geography in the late 20th century?
possiblist approach
hierarchical approach
distribution approach
vernacular approach
164
An example of a country with a population pyramid that has a large base is...
Nigeria
Japan
Germany
United States
165
The most widely used Indo-European language today is:
Spanish
English
Chinese
German
166
Presently, natural increase in population is primarily due to...
a decrease in birth rate
a decrease in death rate
an increase in death rate
an increase in birth rate
167
The ratio of percent labor force to percent of GDP in the agricultural sector of Canada means?
the agricultural sector is machine intensive
the agricultural sector is labor intensive
the agricultural sector is small scale intensive
the agricultural sector is subsistence intensive
168
Which geographical theme would study the impact of the drainage of the Florida Everglades?
location
human-environment
place
movement
169
Coffee was domesticated in Ethiopia. Today, 70% of production is in:
East Africa
South Asia
Middle and South America
Southeast Asia
170
NAFTA is a supranationalistic organization which attempted to create a free trade zone where?
North Africa
North America
New Zealand and Australia
North Atlantic
171
The largest constituency of Christianity is:
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
Coptic
Roman Catholicism
172
Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and longitude and not existing physical features?
Natural boundary
Geometric boundary
Antecedent boundary
Subsequent boundary
173
_____ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous populationand typically rural
material
popular
local
folk
174
Hawaii and Louisiana are examples of states with...
official "English only" policies
no official language policies
no linguistic variation
official bilingual policies
175
In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York and Milan are referred to as...
world cities
local cultures
capitals
hearths
176
Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types of climates, resources and peoples?
Compact
Elongated
Prorupt
Fragmented
177
Life expectancy is:
number of years a person will live
average number of years a person will live at birth
average number of years a person is expected to live
number of years a person will theoretically live
178
The Dave Matthews Band established a ____ in VA and gained popularity through _____
hearth, hierarchical diffusion
hearth, distance decay
record label, contagious diffusion
beachhead, word of mouth
179
The naming of sports stadiums and other facilities for corporations is an example of:
commodification
post-modern toponyms
memorial toponyms
hubris
180
The most dangerous volcano, _________, erupted about 73,500 years ago.
Tambora
Toba
Santorini
St. Helen's
181
In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, for a judge to be appointed to the country's courts:
they had to wear sandals
they had to wear a veil
they had to wear a turban
they had to have a beard
182
The systematic study of the origin and meaning of place names is called:
namology
lexicography
deep reconstruction
toponymy
183
The Hajj, one of the "pillars of Islam" is:
the veil worn by Muslim women
fasting during the holy month
charitable giving
the pilgrimage to Mecca
184
The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in...
China
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East
Latin America
185
All of the following tend to be centripetal forces within a country
except
:
military
common language
education system
regionalism
186
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of:
cultural appropriation
cultural persistence
local custom
assimilation
187
TRUE/FALSE: The study of landforms, climates and environmental change is physical geography
True
False
188
The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is:
absolute location
relative location
referenced location
grid plan
189
The building of a sense of community identity around the idea of "Swedish-ness" in Kansas is:
assimilation
neolocalism
cultural appropriation
globalization
190
Which economic activity is not counted in GNP calculations?
commercial farming
tending to a home garden
teaching
auto repair
191
The text focuses on 1 local culture in its attempts to lessen the influence of foreign culture
Zimbabwe
US
France
S. Korea
192
Geographer Lee Liu found soils in intensively used fields near villages were:
not used
overused and of poor fertility
polluted
fertile and productive
193
Roman Catholic Christianity was spread to Middle and South American by:
Italy
England
Portugal
Spain
194
Bio-genetic engineering allows growing of new strains in more arid regions to meet demand of:
grain export
the cattle feed industry
tofu/organic food
bio-diesel fuel
195
TRUE/FALSE: Details of the distribution of wealth in the US features typical at global scale
False
True
196
Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the US and Canada were:
eradicating practices
protective practices
segregating practices
assimilating practices
197
The presence of centrifugal forces within a country has led to diffusion of power called:
acculturation
devolution
autocratic
imperialism
198
Corn of the American "Corn Belt" originated in:
the Fertile Crescent
Central America
West Africa
Southeast Asia