The concentration of hydrogen ions in various body fluids

What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae?

Prevent valves from opening upwards

The order of mitosis is...

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Autonomic nerves allow for...

Involuntary control of smooth, cardiac muscle and glands

Diffusion is the movement of small molecules from an area of...

High concentration to low concentration

Ventilation/breathing is the process of...

Inhalation of O2, exhalation of CO2

The amount of blood pumped in one contraction

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Mater DoN AAP

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Questions 145

Answers

1
Which is NOT a type of muscle tissue?
Cardiac
Smooth
Rough
Skeletal
2
pH is...
The concentration of phosphate ions in various body fluids
The concentration of oxygen ions in various body fluids
The concentration of hydrogen ions in various body fluids
3
Osteoclasts...
Monitor and maintain bone cells
Form bone tissue
Break down bone tissue
4
Which is an example of a ball and socket joint? (2)
Knee
Elbow
Hip
Shoulder
5
What is the body plane that divides the body through the midline, into right and left halves?
Transverse Plane
Coronal Plane
Median Plane
6
Which of the following is a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (M.A.L.T)?
Tonsils
Lymph nodes
Thymus gland
Spleen
7
True or false: Lymph vessels are found in the epidermis.
True
False
8
Which layer of the meninges is the web-like middle layer?
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
Dura mater
9
The left lung has _____ lobes.
2
4
3
10
Formation of bones is called
Ossification
Osmosis
Bricklaying
Bone building
11
Carries lymph away from the lymph node
Efferent lymph vessel
Afferent lymph vessel
12
What is number 16?
Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
13
Sebaceous glands produce sebum. The function of sebum is to...
Oil the hair
Inhibit certain bacterial growth
Lubricate the skin's surface
All of the above
14
What is the most inferior organ of respiration?
Nasal cavity
Bronchi
Diaphragm
Trachea
15
What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae?
Prevent valves from opening downwards
Receive blood from veins
Cause the heart to contract
Prevent valves from opening upwards
16
What is number 5?
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Right atrium
17
Which of the following produce and maintain the myelin sheath around nerve cells?
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia cells
Ependymal cells
18
What is the inner-most layer of the epidermis?
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
19
The order of mitosis is...
Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase
Anaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
20
Which is the outermost layer in the structure of a vessel called?
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia
Tunica intima
21
Which structure of the Diencephalon is responsible for melatonin production?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Optic chiasma
22
Autonomic nerves allow for...
Involuntary control of smooth, cardiac muscle and glands
Voluntary control of most skeletal muscles
23
Which feedback mechanisms decreases the intensity of, or ceases, the original stimulus?
Positive feedback mechanisms
Neutral feedback mechanisms
Negative feedback mechanisms
24
What is number 15?
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve
25
Which of the following is NOT an involuntary muscle?
Cardiac
Smooth
Skeletal
26
True or false: a neuron has many axons to conduct nerve impulses away from the cell body
False
True
27
Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton
Humerous
Illium
Scapula
All of the above
28
The right lung has ____ lobes.
4
3
2
29
This is commonly known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nucleus
30
External respiration is the exchange of gases between...
Lungs and blood
Blood and cells
31
What is considered a 'normal respiratory rate (breaths/minute)?
20-39bpm
12-20bpm
16-25bpm
10-15bpm
32
Which are the primary exchange vessels?
Venules
Arterioles
Arteries
Capillaries
33
Which joint movement allows you to roll the sole of your foot inwards?
Abduction
Inversion
Adduction
Eversion
34
What is the muscle that contracts to make hair stand up?
Skeletal muscle
Arector pili
Erection pili
Cardiac muscle
35
Which joint movement allows you to flex your arms?
Supination
Extension
Flexion
Circumduction
36
True or false: Veins carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries
True
False
37
The middle layer of the heart wall is the...
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
38
True or false: Neurones can not replicate
True
False
39
Another name for the larynx is...
Lung
Windpipe
Voice box
Nose
40
True or false: leukocytes are NOT a complete cell with nucleus and organelles.
False
True
41
What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?
Stratum lucidum
Stratum basale
Stratum granulosum
Stratum corneum
42
Which is the area of skin that spreads over the nail surface?
The lunula
The nail plate
The cuticle
The nail root
43
Diffusion is the movement of small molecules from an area of...
High concentration to low concentration
Low concentration to high concentration
44
Which is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
Tissue drainage
Sensory perception
Absorbtion
Immunity
45
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
30
32
33
46
Ventilation/breathing is the process of...
Inhalation of CO2, exhalation of O2
Inhalation of O2, exhalation of CO2
47
What is number 6
Pulmonary valve
Mitral valve
Aortic valve
Tricuspid valve
48
Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
Left
Right
49
Bradycardia is...
Abnormally fast heart rate
No activity of the heart
Abnormally slow heart rate
Normal cardiac rhythm
50
Stroke volume is...
The amount of blood pumped in one minute
The amount of blood pumped in one contraction
The amount of time taken for blood to travel around the body
51
Lymph is...
A clear watery fluid
A jellylike green fluid
A thick red fluid
52
What is number 10?
Arch of aorta
Left ventricle
Thoracic aorta
Pulmonary artery
53
Exocrine glands...
Secrete into ducts
Secrete into blood and lymph
54
The three stages of primary wound healing, in order, are...
Inflammation, proliferation, maturation
Inflammation, maturation, proliferation
Proliferation, inflammation, maturation
Maturation, inflammation, proliferation
55
What is the process of blood cell formation called?
Mitosis
Ossification
Homeostasis
Haemopoiesis
56
How many pairs of ribs comprise the thoracic cage?
12
13
15
14
57
Cerebrum consists of grey matter, white matter & basal ganglia. White matter is...
nerve cell bodies superficially covering the cerebral cortex
cell bodies which communicate with the brain
nerve fibres connecting the hemispheres
58
Which nervous system cells are spider-like?
Ependymal cells
Microglia cells
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
59
In which of the following will you find lymph vessels?
Bones
Cornea
Muscles
Central Nervous System
60
Which is NOT a physiological variable that affects breathing?
All of the above are variables that affect breathing
Compliance
Airway resistance
Elasticity
61
Which is NOT a basic function of the skeletal system?
Supporting the body
Storage of mineral salts
Protecting internal organs
Maintaining pH
62
Which is NOT a physiological variable of homeostasis?
Body fluid pH
Wrinkles
Blood glucose levels
Core temperature
63
Which of the following is a function of the spleen?
Immune response
All of the above
Phagocytosis
Erythropoiesis
64
Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
Vertebral column
Sternum
Scapula
Skull
65
Pulmonary circulation pumps blood from:
Right ventricle -> lungs -> left atrium
Left ventricle -> body -> right atrium
66
The metacarpals are ____ to the humerus
Medial
Distal
Proximal
Lateral
67
Osteoblasts...
Monitor and maintain bone tissue
Form bone tissue
Break down bone tissue
68
Homeostasis means...
Maintaining a stable internal environment
Eating too many cupcakes
The stoppage of blood flow
Maintaining an imbalanced internal environment
69
The blood is composed of _____ plasma and _____ cells.
55%, 45%
75%, 25%
45%, 55%
25%, 75%
70
Which of the following are factors that affect heart rate? (2)
Gender
Age
Religious beliefs
Sexual orientation
71
Which is an example of a plane joint?
Elbow
Shoulder
Carpal bones
Metacarpal bones
72
True or False: The coronal plane divides the body into upper and lower parts
False
True
73
Tachycardia is...
Abnormally rapid heart rate
A normal cardiac rhythm
No activity of the heart
Abnormally slow heart rate
74
True or false: uterine contractions in labour are an example of negative feedback mechanisms.
True
False
75
Platelets are also called...
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Phagocytes
Thrombocytes
76
Dura mater is which layer of the meninges...
Inner layer of CT - clings to the surface of the brain
The external covering
The web-like middle layer of fibrous tissue
77
Tidal volume (TV) is...
Amount of air passing in & out of the lungs with each breath
Air remaining after quiet expiration
Air remaining after forced expiration
78
What is number 17?
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
79
Which is the most inferior body cavity?
Cranial Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
80
Which muscle is posterior to the rectus abdominus muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid
Deltoid
External oblique
Gluteal muscles
81
Which is NOT a pigment that contributes to skin colour?
Melanin
Haemoglobin
Leukocytes
Carotene
82
Afferent lymph vessels...
Carry lymph away from the node
Enter the lymph node
83
Which of the following is NOT a transport system in the body?
Blood
Nervous system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
84
What is number 18?
Right pulmonary veins
Papillary muscle
Thoracic aorta
Chordae tendineae
85
Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?
All of the above are connective tissues
Adipose
Loose
Blood
86
White blood cells are also called...
Erythrocytes
Platelets
Leukocytes
87
How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
26
25
27
24
88
In cellular adaptation, hypertrophy is when...
Cells divide more quickly
There is an abnormal development of cell tissue
Cells enlarge in size
Cells shrink in size
89
What is the residual volume of the lungs (air remaining after forced expiration)?
Approx 500ml
Approx 1200ml
Approx 2000ml
Approx 350ml
90
Which layer of the skin contains sensory receptors?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
91
Bronchioles are...
Skeletal muscles
Cardiac muscles
Smooth muscles
92
Grey matter is...
Nerve fibres connecting the hemispheres
Nerve cell bodies superficially covering the cerebral cortex
Cell bodies which communicate with the brain
93
Which blood type is known as the 'universal recipient'?
A
B
AB
O
94
Which is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?
Golgi Apparatus
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
95
Thrombus is...
Increase in blood viscosity
A clot that has broken free and carried toward the brain
A solid mass of platelets in an unbroken vessel
An inherited clotting disorder
96
What is number 4?
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
97
Organelles are...
The watery fluid inside the cell
The cell contents, not including the nucleus
Tiny organs within the cell that have specialised functions
98
Which cells are responsible for mucous secretion in the respiratory system?
Dragon cells
Goblet cells
Centaur cells
Goblin cells
99
The perineurium is the connective tissue layer that…
Surrounds several bundles forming a completed nerve
Surrounds each bundle of fibres holding them together
Surrounds individual fibres
100
Biceps are...
Cardiac muscles
Smooth muscles
Skeletal muscles
101
What are the main arteries in your neck?
Subclavian
Iliac
Juggular
Carotid
102
Which of the following is not an organelle of a cell?
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Plasma membrane
103
How many ventricles does the brain have?
6
4
3
2
104
A lumbar puncture is used to gain access to the CSF which is found in the...
Subarachnoid space
Subdural space
Central canal
Epidural space
105
The lunula in the nail is...
The white crescent shaped region near the root
The visible area that lies on the nail bed
Embeded in the skin, covered by the cuticle
An area of skin that spreads over the nail surface
106
Which skeletal muscle action allows your palm to face upward?
Abductor
Pronation
Adductor
Supination
107
______ connect bone to bone.
Tendons
Muscles
Ligaments
108
Which is the correct level of organisation in the human body?
Chemical level, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organism
Cells, organs, organism, chemical level, molecules, tissues
Molecules, cells, chemical level, tissues, organs, organism
Organism, tissues, organs, molecules, cells, chemical level
109
Proliferation is...
Maintaining steady amounts
Rapid increase in the number or amount of something
Rapid decrease in the number or amount of something
110
True or false: plasma is 60% water.
False
True
111
How many pairs of thoracic nerves are there?
5
8
12
10
112
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the synthesis of...
Waste products
Proteins
Steroid hormones and lipids
113
The inner-most layer of the heart wall is the...
Myocardium
Pericardium
Endocardium
114
What is the 'shaft' of a long bone called?
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Articular Cartilage
Epiphysis
115
Which blood type is known as the 'universal donor'?
AB
A
O
B
116
What is the inner lining of a vessel called?
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia
Tunica intima
117
Erythrocytes are...
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
118
______ connect muscle to bone.
Tendons
Cartilage
Ligaments
Muscles
119
Which tissue layer of a nerve delicately surrounds individual fibres, holding them together?
Perineurium
Endoneurium
Epineurium
120
True or false: the cervical section consists of 9 vertebrae
False
True
121
The blood transports...
All of the above
Nutrients
Heat
Cell waste
122
______ hydrogen levels = lower pH levels (acidic).
Increased
Lower
123
The following bone cell monitors and maintains bone tissue
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
124
Which of the following is NOT a function of muscle tissue?
Stabilising joints
Haemopoiesis
Movement
Production of heat
125
Normal pH range of the blood is
7.35-7.45
5.4-7.5
1.5-3.5
6.0-8.5
126
Which are efferent neurones?
Motor Neurones
Sensory Neurones
127
Which of the following is NOT a form of energy in the body?
Mechanical
Radiant
Thermal
They are all forms of energy.
128
Squamous epithelium is...
Flattened cells
Cube shaped cells
Rectangular shaped cells
129
Which has the function of controlling balance and movement?
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebral cortex
130
Which of the following IS a communication system in the body?
Musculoskeletal system
Respiratory system
Integumentary system
Nervous system
131
Which joint movement allows you to turn your head?
Circumduction
Extension
Pronation
Rotation
132
Trabeculae are found in...
Spongy bone
Compact bone
133
Haemopoesis occurs in the red bone marrow of (2)...
Short bones
Long bones
Sesamoid bones
Flat bones
134
What is number 1?
Superior vena cava
Left pulmonary vein
Inferior vena cava
Right pulmonary vein
135
No activity of the heart (0bpm) is called...
Asystole
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Sinus rhythm
136
What is number 13?
Left pulmonary veins
Right pulmonary veins
Branches of right pulmonary artery
Branches of left pulmonary artery
137
True or false: Muscles can contract and push to create movement?
False
True
138
What are the main veins in your neck?
Iliac
Carotid
Juggular
Subclavian
139
The outermost layer of the heart wall is the...
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
140
Sensory neurones are...
Afferent
Efferent
141
The exchange of gases between blood and cells is...
External respiration
Internal respiration
142
Dendrites...
Receive and conduct nerve impulses toward the cell body
Conduct nerve impulses away from the cell body
143
The thumb is an example of a ________ joint.
Saddle
Pivot
Condyloid
Hinge
144
The brain stem consists of midbrain, _______ & medulla oblongata.
Root
Trunk
Plexus
Pons
145
Flexor muscles...
Straighten limb
Bend limbs
Raise body parts
Lower body parts

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