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1
pt who has a neurological condition has > motor involvement in the UE than in the LE. Which condition does pt have
central cord syndrome
cauda equina syndrome
Brown-Sequard syndrome
anterior cord syndrome
2
what test is used to assess volitional movement of the extremities after an individual has had a CVA
performance-oriented mobility assessment (Tinetti)
functional status index
Fugl-meyer assessment
functional reach test
3
When applying a stretch to an infant who has R torticollis, which cervical motions would be appropriate
Flexion, left side bending, and left rotation
Extension, left side bending, and right rotation
Flexion, right side bending, and left rotation
Extension, right side bending, and left rotation
4
To reduce a R convex rib hump in a patient who has scoliosis, which of the following stretching positions appropriate
Left sidelying position with the right upper extremity in full abduction
Sitting position with UE positioned across the chest trunk rotated to right
Sitting position with the UE across chest and trunk side bent to the left
Right sidelying position with the left upper extremity in full abduction
5
PTA collects data on the pt's heart rate and respiration rate. Which resting value would be expected for a 10 y/o
HR: 105 bpm, RR 12 breaths/minute
HR: 60 bpm, RR 12 breaths/minute
HR: 105 bpm, RR 22 breaths/minute
HR: 60 bpm, RR 22 breaths/minute
6
Which of the following rationales BEST explains the use after surgery of the device shown in the photograph
To facilitate effective cough by stimulating the cough reflex
To facilitate lung expansion through sustained inspiratory effort
To strengthen the respiratory muscles by providing respiratory resistance
To prevent pulmonary embolism by facilitating perfusion in the lungs
7
Which of the following interventions would place a pt with type 2 diabetes at GREATEST risk for developing hypoglycemia
outdoor walking program in ambient temp of 40-50 degrees
aquatic therapy in pool with water temp of 82 degrees
aquatic therapy in pool with water of 92 degrees
indoor walking program with room temp of 65-75 degrees
8
this is done to decrease a tingling sensation in which area
ring finger and little finger
dorsal aspect of the hand
thumb and index finger
radial side of forearm
9
pt had a CVA is exhibiting increased tone in the L lower extremity. ankle deep tendon reflex is 3 beat clonus, document
1+
2+
4+
3+
10
Which of the following MUST occur in order for the heart to get enough oxygen while a patient is exercising
increase in coronary blood flow
decrease in myocardium workload
increase in extraction percentage
decrease in respiratory rate
11
FIM & Barthel Index have show high validity fro pts suffering a stroke. what conclusion is appropriate
both tests should be used
neither test should be used
either test can be used
another test should be used with either of hte tests
12
pt with hiatal hernia is seen in PT. Which positions is most important for the patient to AVOID during exercise
semi-fowler
supine
standing
sitting
13
pat in picture has a history of venous insufficiency & ankle-brachial index of 1.0. What facilitates wound healing
Warm whirlpool
Wet-to-dry dressings
Intermittent compression
Pulsatile lavage with suction
14
A PTA is treating an inpatient whose intravenous pump alarm begins to sound. The assistant should FIRST
check integrity of IV site, retape if leaking, & push reset
make sure that the pt's positioning is not obstructing flor of the IV pump
stop treatment immediately and call nursing staff to check pump
instruct pt to begin exercises and contact nurse
15
pt reports pain on inferior to the posterior corner of the acromion w/ horizontal add and ER. what is the probable cause
Infraspinatus tendinitis
Subacromial bursitis
Bicipital tendinitis
Supraspinatus tendinitis
16
pt has lymphedema that feels hard with palpation& involves progressive, fibrotic changes. what type is this
brawny edema
weeping edema
dependent edema
pitting edema
17
PTA suspects that a 16yo pt has used anabolic-androgenic steroids to enhance athletic performance. what are the symptoms
dizziness, postural hypotension, rapid pulse and respirations, brittle hair
muscle twitching and cramping, changes in deep tendon reflex, & depression
impulsiveness, mood swings, acne on back and chest, and hypertension
nausea, edema, dryness and itching of skin, & inflammation of mouth mucosa
18
Which intervention would MOST improve outcomes for a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
pharmacological management
cessation of smoking
aerobic exercise
ventilatory muscle training
19
Which intervention is MOST appropriate to address impaired muscle tone in a patient who has hypotonicity
prolonged ice application over the belly of the involved muscle
slow, rhythmic rotation of the involved limb
static stretching with manual pressure over the tendon of invovled muscle
weight-bearing through the involved limb
20
Which of the following tools is MOST appropriate for assessment of pain in a patient with multiple injuries
anatomic pain drawing
standarized pain questionnaire
visual analog scale
numeric pain rating
21
pt underwent a transtibial amputation. Which treatment goal is the MOST important reason for a semirigid dressing
controlling edema
reducing phantom sensation
healing the incision
reducing pain
22
Which of the following laboratory reports is MOST useful in determining the effects of chronic diarrhea and vomiting
renal function tests
serum electrolytes
complete blood count
serum enzymes
23
which level indicates the need for a pt with type 2 diabetes to eat a snack before exercising
49 mg/dL
69 mg/dL
149 mg/dL
199 mg/dL
24
The test shown in the photograph is used to assess shortening of which of the following muscles
pec minor
upper trap
anterior deltoid
pec major
25
pt had total hip arthroplasty 2 weeks ago reports not being able to get onto the toilet fast enough. what addresses this
abdominal and glute strengthening
functional mobility training
pelvic floor strengthening
relaxation training
26
pt in the photograph has generalized weakness and requires a wheelchair to get around. what should be modified on WC
seat depth
seat width
armrest
footrest
27
which problem is MOST important to address in a 10-year-old child who has Duchenne muscular dystrophy
decreased sensation in the lower extremities
increased ligamentous laxity
decreased ability to walk independently
increased joint mobility
28
Which of the following dressings would be MOST appropriate to use on a Stage 1 pressure injury
calcium alginate
hydrocolloid
trnasparent film
wet-to-dry
29
pt using a transtibial prosthesis excessively flexes the R knee during the early stance. What is the cause
socket too far anterior
socket too far posterior
excessive foot inset
excessive foot outset
30
Excessive L heel lift during midstance in a patient who had a traumatic brain injury is caused by which condition
Spasticity of the left plantar flexors
Hypersensitivity of the left heel
Decreased left plantar flexion range of motion
Spasticity of the left anterior tibialis
31
which stage of stroke recovery is appropriate to resist hip abd on the pt's uninvld side to facilitate hip abd on invlvd
when spasticity is resolved
in the flaccid period
with emerging voluntary control
at thei height of spasticity
32
which nerve is likely impaired if the patient is only able to complete one repetition of the exercise shown
tibial
deep fibular
superficial fibular
medial plantar
33
pt reports numbness in the perineal region and mild urinary incontinence. These symptoms are caused by what
sacral nerve root impingment
lumbar spinal stenosis
femoral artery occlusion
sciatic neuropathy
34
pt is having difficulty activating the biceps brachii. Which technique is to be effective for promoting motor activity
prolonged stretch
slow stroking
maintained touch
quick stretch
35
doorway stretch is LEAST appropriate for a patient who has which of the following characteristics
anterior GH instability
tightness of pect major and minor
forward head posture
limited GH ER ROM
36
When performing PNF, which procedure provides the GREATEST amount and variety of sensory input
approximation
traction
manual contacts
maximal resistance
37
which instruction is appropriate for minimizing the discomfort of a pt who has an acute lumbar facet inflammation
Avoid lifting objects from the floor for 2-3 weeks
Maintain activity level within the limits of pain
Avoid forward flexion for 2-3 weeks
Use heat on the affected area 2-3 times/day
38
Which risk factor would MOST likely contribute to the development of primary osteoporosis
family history
chronic renal failure
excessive alcohol consumption
hyperthyroidism
39
A patient with a partial biceps brachii tendon tear may exhibit pain during which of the following passive motions
shoulder ABD
shoulder flexion
elbow extension
elbow flexion
40
7yo has Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Which intervention is appropriate for the PTA to implement w/o PTA approval
discontinue strengthening exercises due to increasing weakness
change focus of mobility training from gait to wheelchair propulsion
switch to a different neuromuscular technique to stretch hamstrings
add hotpack treatmen prior to PROM
41
pt reports pain in the lumbar spine and decreased symptoms in the lower extremities. The pt has which condition
Spinal stenosis
Sacroiliac dysfunction
Spondylolisthesis
Herniated disc
42
Aerobic exercise would be prescribed for a pt with metabolic syndrome to achieve which of the following effects
Increased low-density lipoprotein levels
Decreased high-density lipoprotein levels
Decreased blood glucose levels
Increased triglyceride levels
43
Which of the following types of feedback provides knowledge of results
kinematic accuracy of the movement
decreasing frequency of reports of movement accuracy
directions for accurate completion of movement
number of accurate movements
44
In order to isolate the gluteus maximus while establishing a muscle grade of Good (4/5), the pt should be positioned
sidelying with hip flexed
prone with knee extended
prone with knee flexed
supine with knee extended
45
pt has muscle wasting due to use of a medication for chronic pulmonary disease. Which medication likely caused this
prednisone
montelukast
ipratropium
albuterol
46
Which of the following sources of evidence would BEST support the choice of an intervention for a pt
clinical practice guidelines from peer-reviewed literature
recomendations based on clinicials experience
information compiled by patient using several internet sites
continuing education course surveying treatment options
47
Which of the following conditions is considered a PRECAUTION for the use of mechanical lumbar traction
Herniated nucleus pulposus
Paraspinal muscle spasm
Hiatal hernia
Degenerative disc disease
48
pt who has stress incontinence is participating in pelvic floor training. When should they do pelvic floor contractions
after lifting a box
during urination
during coughing
after sitting in a chair
49
pt who has osteoarthritis affecting BIL knees began taking naproxen (Naprosyn). Which side effect is likely to occur
drowsiness
muscle aches
gastric irritation
orthostatic hypotension
50
patient correctly demonstrated home exercises to strengthen quads & hip flexors. where should this be documented
objective
asssessment
plan
subjective
51
Which of the following wound characteristics is MOST consistent with an arterial ulcer
Dry, necrotic tissue
Red wound base with irregular edges
Moderate amount of exudate
Round shape with an elevated rim
52
Which of the following signs and symptoms would MOST likely be adverse effects of diuretic medication
Electrolyte imbalance with fatigue
Hypertension with headache
Fluid depletion with shortness of breath
Decreased heart rate with fatigue
53
patient with history of immobilization has an onset of unilateral leg swelling with edema. This condition is due to:
deep vein thrombosis
lymphedema
congestive heart failure
peripheral arterial disease
54
pt with rheumatoid arthritis reports right wrist pain when performing normal activities. what should the PTA recommend
place the right arm in a sling during housework
strengthen alll wrist muscles with weights
lift,push, and carry objects wiht both hands
perform all work with the left hand only
55
The joint mob shown in the photograph would MOST likely increase which of the following movements of the shoulder
Flexion and ABD
Extension and ER
Horizontal ABD
Flexion and IR
56
A patient with arterial insufficiency should be instructed to
elevate the legs when sitting
inspect the legs and feet daily
use compression wraps when standing.
soak the legs daily in water heated to at least 100°F (37.8°C)
57
pt is treated with US at 3 MHz for pain related to acute patellar tendinitis. Which addition parameter is appropriate
20% duty cycle, .5 W/cm2
100% duty cycle, 1.5 W/cm2
20% duty cycle, 1.5 W/cm2
100% duty cycle, .5 W/cm2
58
pt burns to 35% of body reports drinking large quantities of water. Which condition is pt at risk for developing
hypermagnesemia
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
hypercalcemia
59
pt has difficulty maintaining balance & demonstrates a LOB during small perturbations forward. what muscle to strengthen
quads
tibialis anterior
gastroc
abdominals
60
A patient has akinesia. Which of the following gait dysfunctions is MOST likely to be present
sudden cessation of movement
increased base of support
decreased step length
difficulty attempting to stop
61
Which characteristic MOST likely would be associated with the presence of a superficial partial-thickness burn
marked edema
eschar
extreme pain
dry surface
62
For a patient who demonstrates an equinus gait, which of the following muscles should be tested for weakness
tibialis anterior
gastroc
tibialis posterior
soleus
63
A positive result for a varus stress test to the knee would indicate a tear in which of the following structures
lateral collateral ligament
lateral meniscus
medial collateral ligament
medial meniscus
64
PTA is reviewing precautions for total hip with anterolateral approach. what instructions are appropriate for pt
when walking backward, lead with involved leg
when walking, step fully through with the univolved leg
avoid acitivites that involve rotating toward involved side
avoid acitivites that involve rotating away from involved side
65
Which of the following types of wound dressings is BEST for a dry wound bed with exposed tendon?
biosynthetic
hydrocolloid
hydrogel
alginate
66
which treatment strategies is MOST appropriate for a patient who has acute carpal tunnel syndrome
maintaining a neutral wrist position during work and other activities
strengthening the wrist flexors
strengthening pinch and grip fucntions with the wrist in flexion
applying direct pressure and cross friction over anterior aspect of wrist
67
When a cold pack is applied for edema control, what is the correct order of sensations that pt should experience
aching, cold, burnign, numbness
cold, burning, achig, numbness
aching, burnign, cold, numbness
cold, aching, burning, numbness
68
pt with a L transfemoral amputation laterally flexes to the prosthetic side during midstance on the left. What is cause
socket too tight
high lateral wall
socket too loose
high medial wall
69
spirometry test reveal a tidal volume 500 mL, residual volume 1300 mL, & vital capacity 4600 mL. pt has which condition
diabetes mellitus
cystic fibrosis
sarcoidosis
systemic lupus
70
which interventions is CONTRAINDICATED for a patient who has heart failure with lower extremity edema
Toe raises in standing position
Ankle pumps in supine position with the legs elevated
Pedaling a stationary bicycle in sitting position
Heel slides in a long sitting position
71
A patient with a complete spinal cord lesion at T9 has difficulty with
breathing without a ventilator
breath holding
speaking
coughing
72
pt who has chronic headaches due to muscle tightness & poor posture would benefit from which physical agents
Electromyography biofeedback
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Low-level laser therapy
Therapeutic heat
73
PTA is instructing a patient in prone shoulder extension using 5-lbs. What contraction are the lats doing
eccentric
isometric
kinetic
concentric
74
pt has sustained damage to the left primary motor cortex. Which intervention strategies is MOST likely to be used for pt
gait training to promote R lower extremity mobility
activities to facilitat coordination of rapid alternating movements of L UE
activities to reduce tremor in R lower extremity
faciliatation of weight-bearing through the L upper extremity
75
Which of the following tests is MOST likely to identify the presence of peripheral artery disease
ankle-brachial index
girth measurements
skin temperature
volumetric measurements
76
answer the question in the picture
myocardial ischemia
intercostal neuritis
congestive heart failure
asthma
77
pt has an ankle sprain from 1 day ago. ankle is erythematous, edematous, & warm to touch. what duty cycle is appropriate
20%
100%
50%
75%
78
Which of the following signs and symptoms would occur FIRST in the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Decreased total lung capacity
Dyspnea during exertion
Dyspnea at rest
Decreased residual volume
79
pt with type 1 diabetes is riding a stationary bike when a hypoglycemic episode occurs. What is expected
polyuria, thirst, and dehydration
muscle weakness, nausea, and vomiting
onset of irritability, nervousness, or emotional lability
fruity, acetone-smelling breath and an increased respiratory rate
80
pt reports increased emotional lability, weight loss, rapid HR at rest, & increase in heat intolerance. Which is present
adrenal insufficiency
hyperthyroidism
diabetes insipidus
hypopituitarism