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Duplicate of CPHS AP Psychology - Units 9-14 Final/AP Exam Review
Duplicate of CPHS AP Psychology - Units 9-14 Final/AP Exam Review
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CPHS AP Psychology - Units 9-14 Final/AP Exam Review
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1
Gender identity refers to
the set of expected behaviors for males and for females.
how masculine a boy is or how feminine a girl is.
one's biological sex.
the sense of being male or female.
2
Mania is most likely to be characterized by feelings of
ambivalence
optimism
fear
guilt
3
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation are called:
altruistic
companionate
superordinate goals
implicit
4
Attitudes are ________ that guide behavior.
belief-based feelings
dispositional attributions
superordinate goals
norms and roles
5
The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role is called
gender typing
heritability
gender maturation
gender identification
6
Carl Jung referred to a shared reservoir of memory traces from our species history as the
collective unconscious
external locus of control
defense mechanism
psychosexual stages
7
Unused neural connections in the brain are reduced through a process of
assimilation
accommodation
conservation
pruning
8
The defense mechanism by which people disguise impulses by attributing them to others is called
projection
sublimation
rationalization
displacement
9
The least used biomedical intervention for changing behavior is
drug therapy
psychosurgery
aversive conditioning
electroconvulsive therapy
10
About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 70 and 130.
70
95
30
10
11
The branch of psychology that systematically focuses on changes that occur throughout life is
personality
social
developmental
clinical
12
The perception that one's fate is determined by luck reflects
an external locus of control
the spotlight effect
reciprocal determinism
self-serving bias
13
Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of
depression
insomnia
anxiety
alcoholism
14
Schizophrenia that develops rapidly as a reaction to stress, is called ________ schizophrenia.
catatonic
acute
process
chronic
15
A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. This best illustrates
stimulus generalization
a somatoform disorder
agoraphobia
a conversion disorder
16
Ongoing patterns of behavior that interfere with normal day-to-day life are characterized as
deviant
atypical
dysfunctional
antisocial
17
Which of the following is the correct order of Freud's psychosexual stages of development?
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
phallic, anal, oral, genital, latency
anal, oral, latency, phallic, genital
genital, latency, phallic, anal, oral
18
Sigmund Freud introduced a form of psychotherapy known as
cognitive therapy
psychoanalysis
counterconditioning
active listening
19
Overgeneralized beliefs about a group of people that underlie prejudicial emotions are called
superordinate goals
stereotypes
social norms
social traps
20
Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of
an anxiety disorder
a mood disorder
bipolar disorder
catatonia
21
Harmful chemicals or viruses that can be transferred from a mother to her fetus are called
schemas
zygotes
attachments
teratogens
22
Equity and self-disclosure are important to the development of
groupthink
deindividuation
companionate love
ingroup bias
23
Erikson suggested that children with a secure attachment to parents are likely to experience
object permanence
egocentrism
stranger anxiety
basic trust
24
A conversion disorder is a type of ________ disorder.
somatoform disorder
dissociative
personality
anxiety
25
According to Kohlberg, morality based on desire to uphold laws of society is characteristic of
the conventional stage
the postconventional stage
the preconventional stage
the preoperational stage
26
Increased liking for an unfamiliar stimulus following repeated experience with it is known as
social facilitation
the mere exposure effect
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon
companionate love
27
At about 8 months, children are likely to react to newcomers with tears and distress, called:
egocentrism
role confusion
stranger anxiety
insecure attachment
28
Unconsciously mimicking those around us is known as
group polarization
the chameleon effect
social loafing
social facilitation
29
The awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived is known as
conservation
attachment
object permanence
habituation
30
The social withdrawal and nightmares of battle-scarred war veterans best illustrate symptoms of
OCD
PTSD
DID
ADHD
31
Which drug has provided the most help to schizophrenia patients experiencing hallucinations
Xanax
lithium
Thorazine
Ativan
32
The MMPI is an example of a(n)
personality inventory
inkblot test
projective test
humanistic test
33
Psychodynamic therapy is ________ than traditional psychoanalysis.
less commonly used
briefer
more expensive
less effective
34
Gender role refers to
a set of expected behaviors for males and females.
how masculine a boy is or how feminine a girl is.
one's biological sex.
a sense of being male or female.
35
Fritz Heider concluded that people tend to attribute others' behavior either to their
thoughts or their emotions
heredity or their environment
abilities or their effort
dispositions or their situations
36
The Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC tests are all types of
multiple intelligence tests
achievement tests
general intelligence tests
personality tests
37
Alfred Adler was a neo-Freudian who coined the term
oral fixation
inferiority complex
reciprocal determinism
unconscious
38
Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas is called
imprinting
assimilation
accommodation
egocentrism
39
A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)
temperament
attachment
schema
assimilation
40
False beliefs of persecution that may accompany schizophrenia are called
compulsions
delusions
obsessions
hallucinations
41
An impaired theory of mind is most closely associated with
autism
role confusion
fetal alcohol syndrome
crystallized intelligence
42
Psychologist Lev Vygotsky suggested that children's ability to solve problems is enhanced by
conservation
basic trust
egocentrism
inner speech
43
Freud referred to a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier stage as
displacement
projection
reaction formation
fixation
44
Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are characteristic of _____ disorders.
personality
dissociative
bipolar
obsessive-compulsive
45
Freud believed that ________ were the “royal road to the unconscious.”
dreams
projective tests
psychosexual stages
erogenous zones
46
Maturation refers to
biological processes that are uninfluenced by experience.
the acquisition of socially acceptable behaviors.
the physical and sexual development of early adolescence.
studies performed on adults to assess intelligence.
47
Which of the following is a form of cognitive therapy?
stress inoculation training
rTMS
transference
EMDR
48
Adjusting current schemas to make sense of new information is called
habituation
accommodation
egocentrism
assimilation
49
An infant's temperament refers most directly to its
physical health
social connectedness
ability to learn
emotional excitability
50
According to Freud, thoughts that are too unsettling for people to acknowledge are
manifest content
repressed
self-serving baises
inferiority complexes
51
Xanax and Ativan are ________ drugs.
antidepressant
antianxiety
antipsychotic
mood-stabilizing
52
Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of
anxiety disorders
schizophrenia
bipolar disorder
personality disorders
53
Schizophrenia that develops gradually over a long period of time is called _____ schizophrenia.
reactive
acute
chronic
paranoid
54
The discomfort we feel when two thoughts are inconsistent is called
cognitive dissonance
social loafing
deindividuation
implicit prejudice
55
A token economy represents an application of the principles of
operant conditioning
observational learning
systematic desensitization
classical conditioning
56
According to Erikson, isolation is to intimacy as role confusion is to
competence
guilt
mistrust
identity
57
According to Freud, a patient's hesitation to free associate is most likely a sign of
transference
the placebo effect
spontaneous recovery
resistance
58
According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involves
unquestioning obedience to authority figures.
behavior based on self-interest.
affirmation of self-defined ethical principles.
strong concern for social approval.
59
Our first impressions of people we meet are most likely to be determined by their
attitudes
intelligence
emotional intelligence
physical appearance
60
Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the
bystander effect
other-race effect
social exchange theory
mere exposure effect
61
Which of the following is characterized by sudden and unpredictable episodes of distress?
bipolar disorder
alcohol dependence
panic disorder
social phobia
62
Studies of implicit attitudes indicate that prejudice is often
a response to frustration
conditioned
unconscious
triggered by deindividuation
63
One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes
a feeling of euphoria
an expressionless face
hallucinations
a lack of guilt feelings
64
Major depressive disorder is said to occur when signs of depression last at least
one year
two weeks
two months
one week
65
Freud emphasized that the ego operates on the ________ principle.
self-actualization
denial
reality
pleasure
66
Free association is a method designed to
reduce anxiety
give priority to group goals
explore the unconscious
show total acceptance of another person
67
An unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members is called
deindividuation
prejudice
groupthink
scapegoating
68
The Thematic Apperception Test requires people to respond to
incomplete sentences
ambiguous pictures
unfamiliar melodies
meaningless inkblots
69
Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be
authoritarian
permissive
egocentric
authoritative
70
SSRIs are prescribed to
decrease the availability of serotonin.
elevate arousal and mood.
reduce hallucinations and paranoia.
reduce involuntary muscle movements.
71
Piaget is best known for his interest in the process of ________ development.
social
motor
cognitive
emotional
72
In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be
unconditioned stimuli
conditioned stimuli
conditioned responses
unconditioned responses
73
If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of
reliability
standardization
content validity
predictive validity
74
What do psychologists call personal strengths that help people cope with stress?
resistance
insight
resilience
transference
75
The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called
ingroup bias
social facilitation
group polarization
the mere exposure effect
76
Internal, stable, and global explanations of one's own failures are indicative of
pessimism
optimism
introversion
extraversion
77
Virtual reality exposure therapy is a form of
aversive conditioning
transference
systematic desensitization
stress inoculation training
78
The humanistic perspective is to Abraham Maslow as the social-cognitive perspective is to
Gordon Allport
Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Carl Jung
79
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called
conformity
obedience
peripheral route persuasion
social loafing
80
Compulsions are best described as
illusory sensations
repetitive behaviors
persistent fears
false beliefs
81
Carl Rogers believed that in order to be a fully-functioning individual, you must
possess an optimistic explanatory style
have a strong ego
challenge your feelings of inferiority
receive unconditional positive regard
82
A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of
factor analysis
standardization
reliability
validity
83
To regard an abstract concept as if it were a real, concrete thing is called
reification
standardization
inductive reasoning
heritability
84
The widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century is called
stereotype threat
the normal curve
the Flynn effect
the g factor
85
The distinctive older term
psychopath
refers to an individual with
paranoid personality disorder
dissociative identity disorder
schizophrenia
antisocial personality disorder
86
In which research method are the same people retested over a period of years?
chronological
cross-sectional
experimental
longitudinal
87
Freud emphasized that the id operates on the ________ principle.
pleasure
collectivism
identity
self-transcendence
88
Inserting a medical instrument through each eye socket was part of a treatment known as
stress inoculation training
a lobotomy
tardive dyskinesia
EMDR
89
Carl Rogers is known for the development of
cognitive therapy
therapeutic touch
the token economy
client-centered therapy
90
Which of the following best illustrates a form of psychotherapy?
electroconvulsive therapy
psychosurgery
systematic desensitization
rTMS
91
An elaborate ceremony used to celebrate a person's emergence into adulthood is an example of a
critical period
schema
rite of passage
self-concept
92
The study of the effect of drugs on mind and behavior is called:
psychosurgery
psychoanalysis
psychobiology
psychopharmacology
93
An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is his or her
self-esteem
reality principle
personality
ego
94
Freud is to the psychoanalytic perspective as Allport is to the ________ perspective.
humanistic
social-cognitive
trait
behavioral
95
Refusing to believe or even to perceive painful realities constitutes the defense mechanism ___
displacement
regression
denial
reaction formation
96
The number one reason people seek mental health services is
agoraphobia
schizophrenia
depression
OCD
97
The Harlow studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that body contact promotes
conservation
egocentrism
attachment
schemas
98
Freud suggested that the superego develops through the process of
fixation
self-actualization
free association
identification
99
Alzheimer's disease involves a deterioration of neurons that produce
dopamine
acetylcholine
epinephrine
telomeres
100
Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of
conscientiousness
openness
agreeableness
neuroticism
