Statistics Final Quiz

Interviews were used to explore the prevention and relief of oral discomfort in terminally ill patients.

Percentage of the sample with scores falling in a specific group, as well as the number of scores in that group

Results that include both significant and nonsignificant findins, which are the most common outcomes of studies

Statistics that allow the researcher to organize the data & facilitate insight, central tendency & dispersion

Nine elders were interviewed regarding the meaning of thier day-to-day experiences with receiving family care

Studies that have no apparent risks for the research participants usually involve this type of institutional review

Observational data recorded using preestablished category systems

Use of computers allows for collection of large data with few errors that can be analyzed with statistical packages

The synthesis and clarification of the meaning of the study findings.

A source that summarizes or quotes content from primary sources

Ratio-Level Measurement

Statistical procedures (mode, median, and mean) for determining the center of a distribution of scores

Frequency distribution of continous variables that are placed in groups based on a classification scheme

The actual process of selecting subjects and gathering data from these subjects.

Small handheld device that allows the researcher enter data directly in the computer during the data collection process.

Individuals and groups who can provide assistance, consultation, & clarification during the data collection process

Measure the judgement of a group of experts for the purpose of making decisions, assessing priorities, or making forcast

This is determiend by yrs of expereince, current knowledge of the research and clinical lit, & edu preparation

A form developed or modified by the researcher that is used for recording data.

Weakness in a study framework/conceptual definitions of variables that restrict the abstract generalization of findings

The translated and interpreted results of a study

The score at the exact center of the ungrouped frequency distribution

A self-report that is administered by either the researcher or the study participant

Measures used to determine physical elements of subjects such as lab test looking at Hgb levels

Right based on justice, stating the selection of subjects and their tx during the cours of a study should be just.

The strongest empirical knowledge available from the synthesis of quality study findings to address a practice problem

A formal statment of the expected relationships between 2 or more variables in a specified population

Detailed plan of how the study procedures will be implemented that are specific to the study being conducted.

The accidental discovery of something useful or valuable during the conduct of a study

Nominal Level Measurement (select 2)

Human right based on respect for persons, which states that humans are capable of controlling their own destinies.

The lowest of the 4 levels of measurement that is used when data can be organized into un-rankable categories

Examining the relationship among age, gender, knowledge of AIDS, and use of condoms in college students

A study of individuals response to grief to develop a grief theory.

Consists of two opposite adjectives with a seven-point scale between them

Determining the effects of imparied physical mobility on skeletal muscle atrophy in lab rats

Scales with unequal intervals are sometimes referred to as this

Examining the conclusions and implications of a completed study culminates in suggested areas for studies

Extends the implications of the findings from the sample that was studied to the larger population

Database that has citations relevatnt to a discipline & may be broad collection of citations from variety of diciplines

Concepts at various levels of abstraction that are measured, manipulated, or controlled in a study?

A categorization system for measurement

Another name for this scale is magnitude scaling technique

Methodological & theoretical problems identified before/during a study that can affect the quality of the study findings

Results that are negative or inconclusive, which are often the most difficult to explain

The numerical value or score with the greatest frequency in a distribution; it does not indicate the center of the data

A level of measurement in which the distance between intervals of the scale are numerically equal

The meaning of research conclusions for the body of nursing knowledge, theory, and practice.

Studies that have greater than minimal risks must receive this type of review.

Verbal questions asked by the researcher during data collection. Q's are designed b4 the initiation of data collection

Careful examination of all aspects of a study to judge its strengths, limitations, meaning, and significance?

Studies of ways of life within a given culture

Interval Level Measurement

Words and phrases used for major concepts that must be included in a computer search

Clinical guidelines developed based on the best research evidence available in an area, ie national guideline for HTN

An organized, written presentation of what scholars have published on a topic

Statement developed to direct a study; focuses on description of variables, relationships, and differences btw 2+ groups

Human right, based on beneficence, states subjects should be protected from physical, emotional, social & economic risks

Evoves from the integration of the best evidence available with clinical expertise and patient needs and values?

Data set that has one mode

Value obtained by summing all the scores and dividing that total be the # of scores being summed

Process of transforming data into numbers for the computer. Gender has two categories & can be male (1) and female (2)

Generalizations based on accumulated evidence form several studies

A recording of events over time by individuals in a log to document experiences, feelings, or behavior patterns

A level of measurement where data can be assigned to categories that can be ranked

The extreme scores or values in a set of data that are exceptions to the overall findings

Studies that have some risks, viewed as minimal, usually involve this type of institutional review

Comparative rating where individuals are asked to rate the importance of scale or questionnaire items. Most to least.

Source that is written by the person who originated or is responsible for generating the ideas published

The crudest form of scaling that lists an ordered series of categories of a variable

It is the process of assigning numbers to objects, events, or situations in accord with some rule

Results support the links developed by the researcher among the purpose, framework, questions, variables & methods

Clear, concise, declarative statements that are expressed in the present tense & used to direct the conduct of a study

The point at which a value of zero indicates the absence of the property being measured

Concerns or issues that develop as data are collected & might involve people, reseaerchers, institutuions, and events

Evidence from data needs to be examined & given meaning & its statistical significance & importance needs to be assessed

A study of the social, economic, and legal influences on side rail use in the twentieth century.

Measure of central tendency and not commonly used in statistics becasue of its vagueness

Ordinal Level of Measurement

A data set that has two modes

Defines variable in study and includes abbreviated variable name, descriptive variable label, range of numerical values

First studies generate knowledge influencing a discipline & society. Mark an important stage of development in research

A self-report form designed to elicit info that can be obtained through written responses of closed ended questions

Examination of preadmission self-instruction program on patients postop exercise performance, mood state & recovery rate

A statistical procedure that involves listing all possible measures of a variable and tallying each datum on the listing

Describing the coping strategies of chronically ill men and women

The highest form of measurement that meets all the rules of the lower forms and has an absolute zero

Determine the opinion or attitude of a subject and contains a # of declarative statements w/ scale after each statement